


DD(1L)							DD(1L)


NNAAMMEE
       dd - convert a file while copying it

SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
       dddd  [--help]  [--version]  [if=file] [of=file] [ibs=bytes]
       [obs=bytes]    [bs=bytes]    [cbs=bytes]	[skip=blocks]
       [seek=blocks]				[count=blocks]
       [conv={ascii,ebcdic,ibm,block,unblock,lcase,ucase,swab,noerror,notrunc,
       sync}]

DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
       This  manual  page  documents  the  GNU version of dddd.  dddd
       copies a file (from the standard	input	to  the	standard
       output,	by  default)  with  a  user-selectable blocksize,
       while optionally performing conversions on it.

   OOPPTTIIOONNSS
       Numbers can be followed by a multiplier:
       b=512, k=1024, w=2, xm=number m

       _-_-_h_e_l_p Print a usage message and exit with a non-zero sta-
	      tus.

       _-_-_v_e_r_s_i_o_n
	      Print  version  information  on standard error then
	      exit.

       _i_f_=_f_i_l_e
	      Read from _f_i_l_e instead of the standard input.

       _o_f_=_f_i_l_e
	      Write to	_f_i_l_e  instead  of  the	standard  output.
	      Unless  _c_o_n_v_=_n_o_t_r_u_n_c is given, truncate _f_i_l_e to the
	      size specified by _s_e_e_k_= (0 bytes if  _s_e_e_k_=  is  not
	      given).

       _i_b_s_=_b_y_t_e_s
	      Read _b_y_t_e_s bytes at a time.

       _o_b_s_=_b_y_t_e_s
	      Write _b_y_t_e_s bytes at a time.

       _b_s_=_b_y_t_e_s
	      Read  and write _b_y_t_e_s bytes at atime.  Override ibs
	      and obs.

       _c_b_s_=_b_y_t_e_s
	      Convert _b_y_t_e_s bytes at a time.

       _s_k_i_p_=_b_l_o_c_k_s
	      Skip _b_l_o_c_k_s ibs-sized blocks at start of input.

       _s_e_e_k_=_b_l_o_c_k_s
	      Skip _b_l_o_c_k_s obs-sized blocks at start of output.



FSF			GNU File Utilities			1





DD(1L)							DD(1L)


       _c_o_u_n_t_=_b_l_o_c_k_s
	      Copy only _b_l_o_c_k_s ibs-sized input blocks.

       _c_o_n_v_=_c_o_n_v_e_r_s_i_o_n_[_,_c_o_n_v_e_r_s_i_o_n_._._._]
	      Convert the file as  specified  by  the  _c_o_n_v_e_r_s_i_o_n
	      arguments.
	      Conversions:

	      ascii  Convert EBCDIC to ASCII.

	      ebcdic Convert ASCII to EBCDIC.

	      ibm    Convert ASCII to alternate EBCDIC.

	      block  Pad  newline-terminated  records  to size of
		     cbs, replacing newline with trailing spaces.

	      unblock
		     Replace  trailing	spaces in cbs-sized block
		     with newline.

	      lcase  Change uppercase characters to lowercase.

	      ucase  Change lowercase characters to uppercase.

	      swab   Swap every pair of input bytes.  Unlike  the
		     Unix  dd,	this  works when an odd number of
		     bytes are read.  If the input file	contains
		     an	odd  number  of  bytes, the last byte is
		     simply copied (since  there  is  nothing  to
		     swap it with).

	      noerror
		     Continue after read errors.

	      notrunc
		     Do not truncate the output file.

	      sync   Pad  every	input	block to size of ibs with
		     trailing NULs.

















FSF			GNU File Utilities			2


