

                                



                                



                    P C - P r o j e c t  3.0
                                
                           User Manual



                            05/24/90



                               by
                          Zack Urlocker
                                



                                

                                  
                         Copyright 1988-90
                       The Whitewater Group
                          1800 Ridge Ave
                      Evanston, IL 60201 USA
                                  
                           708-328-3800
                                  
                                  
                                  
                        All rights reserved

     PC-Project User Manual  2


                                         

                               Table of Contents


       Chapter 1 - Getting Started...............................2

       1.0 How to use this manual................................2
       1.1 Introduction to PC-Project............................2
       1.2 PC-Project features...................................2
       1.3 Files on disk.........................................3
       1.4 PC-Project installation...............................3
       1.5 Installed files.......................................4
       1.6 Windows installation..................................4
       1.7 Starting PC-Project...................................4
       1.8 Suggestions...........................................5
       1.9 About Actor...........................................5

       Chapter 2 - Using PC-Project..............................6

       2.1 An overview of project management.....................6
       2.2 Creating a project with PC-Project....................7
       2.3 Overriding the calculated early start and late finish.9
       2.4 Saving and loading projects...........................9
       2.5 Other views of the project............................9
       2.6 Assigning costs.......................................10
       2.7 Estimating task time with PERT........................11
       2.8 The Options menu......................................11
       2.9 Tips for managing a project...........................11
       2.10 Command reference....................................12

       Chapter 3 - Examining the Source Code.....................13

       3.1 Introduction..........................................13
       3.2 If you don't have Actor...............................13
       3.3 If you have Actor.....................................14
       3.4 Learning more.........................................15
 
     PC-Project User Manual  3


       

                          Chapter 1 - Getting Started


       1.0 How to use this manual

       This manual is divided into three chapters: Getting Started,
       Using PC-Project and Exploring the Source Code.  All users should
       read chapter 1 for an overview of PC-Project and installation
       instructions.  For details on managing projects with PC-Project
       read chapter two.  If you are interested in exploring how PC-
       Project works you should read chapter three.

       1.1 Introduction to PC-Project

       PC-Project is a complete critical path project management
       application that runs under Microsoft Windows.  PC-Project is
       written entirely in Actor, an object-oriented programming
       language for Microsoft Windows.  Complete source code is
       included.   PC-Project is freely distributed for non-commercial
       use as an example Windows program.
       
       If any files are missing from the version you have or if you'd
       like to get the latest version, you can order it directly from me
       at The Whitewater Group at the address given below.  There is a
       nominal charge of $5.00 to the U.S. and $10 elsewhere.

       1.2 PC-Project features

       PC-Project is a full-featured project management system.  It can
       be used to plan and monitor almost any type of project.  Features
       include the following:
       
         -  Easy to use pulldown menus and graphical user
            interface.
         -  Full mouse and keyboard interface.
         -  Can optionally use Lotus 1-2-3 style commands.
         -  Can view a project as a PERT (network) diagram, a Gantt
            chart, a list of activities or a list of resources.
         -  Full use of color in charts.
         -  Automatically recalculates the critical path of a
            project using CPM or PERT algorithms.
         -  Easy printing of PERT chart, Gantt chart and text
            report.
         -  Can allocate costs to tasks using either fixed costs or
            by assigning resources with a fixed and/or variable
            cost component.
         -  Full source code included.

     PC-Project User Manual  4


       1.3 Files on disk

       The files on this disk are:
        READPROJ.TXT   -A "readme" file of quick instructions
        INSTALL.BAT    -Installation program
        ZOO.EXE        -Zoo compression utility program.
        PROJECT.ZOO    -A compressed file that contains PC-Project
       
       (The ZOO file also contains the READPROJ.TXT and INSTALL.BAT file
       for easy electronic distribution.)

       1.4 PC-Project installation

       If you received this disk directly from the Whitewater Group,
       there is an INSTALL.BAT program on the disk.  To install type:
       
         A: INSTALL A: C: C:\ACTOR
       
       If you downloaded this program from a bulletin board system, then
       follow these instructions.  You will need the ZOO.EXE utility
       which should be available on the BBS also.
       
       If you don't have Actor make 4 subdirectories as shown below:
         MD ACTOR
         CD ACTOR
         MD CLASSES
         MD ACT
         MD RES
       
       Then install the application and the source code by typing
         CD ACTOR
         ZOO x/ PROJECT.ZOO
       
       Zoo works like ARC but is public domain.  Use the command
         ZOO h
       for help.

     PC-Project User Manual  5


       1.5 Installed files

       During the installation process the following files will be
       created on your hard disk.
       
       PMANUAL.TXT   -This file
       PROJECT.EXE   -Executable PC-Project program file
       PROJECT.IMA   -Sealed off image file required to run above
       *.PRJ         -Various test files
       
       If you installed the source code, the following files will also
       be found:
       
       PROJ.LOD      -A "load file" used if you have Actor
       PROJSEAL.LOD  -A "load file" to seal off the application
       PROJ.H        -Header file of constant definitions
       CLASSES\*.CLS -Source code to the classes of PC-Project
       ACT\*.ACT     -Miscelaneous Actor source code methods
       RES\*.*       -Resource script files and project icon file

       1.6 Windows installation

       If you need to create large projects and ever get the error
       message "Out of dynamic memory" or "Not enough memory to run" add
       a new section to the WIN.INI file:
         [PC-Project]
         Dynamic=40
       
       By default, the project manager uses 40K of Dynamic memory; if
       you need more (or less) just set it as shown above.

       1.7 Starting PC-Project

       PC-Project 3.0 requires Microsoft Windows 3.0.  If you need to
       run PC-Project on Windows 2.x, you will need PC-Project 2.0.  To
       start PC-Project start Windows and then double click on the
       PROJECT.EXE file.  DON'T click on the PROJECT.IMA file since this
       will try to run Actor and you may not have the resources
       installed in your ACTOR.EXE file.  You can run PC-Project
       directly from the DOS C> prompt by typing
       
         WIN PROJECT.EXE
       
 
     PC-Project User Manual  6


       1.8 Suggestions

       Please let me know if there are any bugs or suggestions by
       sending mail to The Whitewater Group at the address below.
       Because PC-Project is distributed free of charge, I cannot
       provide technical support beyond answering questions by mail.

       1.9 About Actor

       Actor is an object-oriented programming language for Microsoft
       Windows.  Actor is a complete development system capable of
       creating standalone MS-Windows applications.  No licensing fees
       are required to distribute applications written in Actor.
       
       For more information about Actor contact:
       
         The Whitewater Group
         1800 Ridge Avenue
         Evanston, IL
         60201  USA
       
         (708)328-3800

     PC-Project User Manual  7



                         Chapter 2 - Using PC-Project


       2.1 An overview of project management

       Project management techniques can be used to plan any "project"
       that has a start, a finish and some known steps or activities in
       between.  Examples of projects include: developing software;
       writing a book; hosting a dinner party and so on.
       
       In order to manage a project you must know all of the activities
       involved in getting from the start to the end.  The objective of
       project management is to create a schedule for the project that
       indicates when each activity needs to start (and finish) in order
       for the project to be completed in the shortest time possible.
       
       The total project time is the total time of all activities on the
       "critical path".  If an activity is on the critical path, it
       means that any delay in its time will cause a delay in the entire
       project.  Thus an important part of project management is to
       determine which activities are critical, and then focus our
       attention on making sure that these activities are completed in
       the allotted time.  Activities which are not critical have
       "slack" time.
       
       An example project might be moving into a house.  We can list
       some of the tasks and the times required.
       
         --Buy the house (7 days)
         --Move in (4 days)
         --Paint it (2 days)
         --Carpet it (5 days)
         --Furnish it (14 days).
       
       Some of these tasks must be done before others.  For example, we
       must buy a house before we can move in.  Also, we should paint
       before we carpet.  Other tasks have no such dependency and can be
       done in parallel.  For example, painting and carpeting are
       independant of furnishing.
       
       Our first step in managing the project would be to create a PERT
       (Project Evaluation and Review Techniques) chart.  A PERT chart
       is a network diagram of the activities in the project and
       indicates the sequence of activities. A PERT chart for moving
       into a house might look like the following.
       
                   7      4                2       5
         Start -> Buy -> Move -> Ready-> Paint-> Carpet-> End
                      |                |
                      |      14        |
                      -----> Furnish  --                 
       
 
     PC-Project User Manual  8


       Note that an additional activity was included called "Ready".
       The activities "Ready", "Start" and "End" are known as
       milestones.  Milestones are activities that, unlike tasks, take
       no time or resources.  Milestones are used to mark the start or
       end of significant tasks.  We use the "Ready" milestone to
       indicate that we are ready to settle into our house and begin
       painting and furnishing.  Although tasks can have only a single
       input and output, milestones can have several.  Thus, you may
       have to introduce "dummy" milestones in a project to have
       different paths in a project.
       
       Note that "Furnish" is on the critical path since it's length (14
       days) is greater than the total time for "Paint" and "Carpet" (7
       days).  The total time of the project is thus the time of all
       Tasks on the critical path which is 25 days (7+4+14).
       
       The "Paint" and "Carpet" tasks would have slack time of 7 days.
       Thus painting (or carpeting) could fall behind schedule by as
       much as 7 days before it would become critical and impact on the
       total project time.
       
       You can also determine the early start, early finish, late start
       and late finish times of any activity or of the project.
       Normally these are calculated to determine the critical path.
       For activities that are crtical the early times are the same as
       the late times.
       
       Sometimes you may wish to specify an overriding early start or
       late finish time.  For example, you might set the early start day
       for "Start" to be 09/01/88, meaning that the project begins on
       that date.  Conversely, you could set the late finish date for
       "End" to be 10/01/88 and then calculate all other dates based on
       this end date.  You could also override the early start or late
       finish for any activity.  This is useful if you know, for
       example, that painting is scheduled to begin work on a particular
       day.
       
       By using PC-Project the critical path, early start and late
       finish dates are automatically calculated.

       2.2 Creating a project with PC-Project

       When PC-Project starts you will have an "empty" project with just
       "Start" and "End" milestones.  The initial starting date of the
       project is 1/1/90.  To begin a new project with a different date,
       select the menu item File New.  You can select menu commands by
       clicking the mouse on File then on New, or if you prefer, by
       typing [Alt-F] and then N.  (You can also use Lotus 1-2-3 style
       commands, e.g. / F N.)
       
       A dialog box will come up asking you the name of the project, a
       brief description of the project and the early start (ES) and
       late finish (LF) dates.  Type "House" as the name of the project
       and enter the early start date "04/01/90".  For most projects you

     PC-Project User Manual  9


       will specify only the early start and let PC-Project calculate
       the late finish.  You can move between the fields in the dialog
       box by clicking the mouse or by pressing [Tab] and [Shift-Tab].
       When you are finished, click on the Ok button to accept the dates
       (or press [Enter]) or click on the Cancel button (or press [Esc])
       to cancel.
       
       Next, you need to create and connect the activities of the
       project by using the Edit New Milestone and Edit New Task menu
       choices.  These are hierarchical menus, so you must select Edit,
       then New and then Milestone or Task.  Since the "Start" milestone
       is already created, you can begin by creating the "Buy" task.
       Select Edit New Task from the menu.  A dialog box will come up.
       For now, just type in the name of the task, "Buy", a description,
       the time, "7", and lastly, type in the input "Start".  This means
       that "Buy" is connected to the "Start" activity.  We'll let PC-
       Project calculate the early start and late finish for us and
       ignore costs and resources for now.  So just click on the Ok
       button to accept this activity.  If you followed the instructions
       the PERT diagram will now show the "Buy" task connected to the
       "Start" milestone.
       
       In PC-Project tasks are drawn as rectangles and milestones are
       drawn as rounded rectangles.  By default, the early start date is
       displayed above each activity.
       
       You can then enter and connect the remaining activities.
       
         New     Name    Time   Input   Output
         ---------------------------------------
         Task    Move     4     Buy
         Mstone  Ready          Move
         Task    Paint    2     Ready
         Task    Carpet   5     Paint   End
         Task    Furnish 14     Ready   End
       
       PC-Project is "case sensitive" so that "Buy" is not the same as
       "buy" or "BUY".  Type the names exactly as they appear above.
       
       As a shortcut, you can click the mouse in a task or milestone and
       drag the cursor to a new location to create a task.  This is
       often faster than using menus to create new tasks.
       
       Note that you must type in the Input field in order to connect an
       activity.  If you make a mistake, you can click on the activity
       with the left mouse button or move the cursor and press [F2] or
       [Enter] to edit it.  If you want to delete an activity, select
       the menu item Edit Delete Activity.  PC-Project will warn you if
       the activity is still connected.
       
       For tasks "Carpet" and "Furnish" you should also enter "End" as
       the output to hookup the last milestone.  Whenever you set the
       Input of an activity it also sets the Output of the connected
 
     PC-Project User Manual  10


       activity.  For example, if you click on the "Start" milestone,
       you will see that it has as Output "Buy".
       
       When you finish connecting the activities the critical path
       should appear in bold.  You can then experiment and try different
       "what if" scenarios.  For example, click on the "Paint" task (or
       move the cursor and press [F2] or [Enter]) and change the time
       from 2 to 12.  Then click on the Ok button.  Notice that the
       critical path has been recalculated and is now different.  Also,
       the early start time for "Carpet" is ten days later.  In fact,
       the whole project has been delayed by a change in the time it
       takes to paint.
       
       Remember that tasks take time and resources but milestones do
       not.  Also, tasks can only have a single input or output.  Use
       milestones when you need to create different paths in the
       project.

       2.3 Overriding the calculated early start and late finish

       You can specify an early start (ES) or late finish (LF) date for
       any activity.  If you do, this will override what is calculated
       by PC-Project.  For example, if you want the project to begin on
       day 02/03/90, set Start's ES to that date.  If you want to see
       when things need to be done by if the project finishes on day
       06/15/90, set End's LF to that date.
       
       All dates are entered in MM/DD/YY or MM/DD/YYYY format.  Examples
       of valid dates include 09/15/90, 1/1/90, 9/01/1990.  Examples of
       invalid dates are 31/09/88, 01/01, and so on.
       
       Setting early start and late finish is not recommended for
       activities in the of a project since it may introduce excess
       slack time and prevent the critical path from being found.
       
       To cancel an override date, you can delete the date in the ES or
       LF field of the dialog box.

       2.4 Saving and loading projects

       You can save the current project to disk by using the File Save
       command or by pressing [Ctrl-S].  By default the extension .PRJ
       is used.  PC-Project comes with several sample projects on disk.
       You can load these with the command File Open or by pressing
       [Ctrl-O].  PC-Project will warn you if you try to exit or load a
       new project without saving your old work.

       2.5 Other views of the project

       The PERT diagram is useful for creating a project and seeing the
       relationships between activities.  The View menu has choices that
       convey other information.  Select the View Gantt menu item or
       press [F6] to see a Gantt chart.  A new window will appear
       showing a timeline of the project.  Tasks are drawn as bars with
  
     PC-Project User Manual  11


       the critical time in red and slack time in gray.  Milestones are
       drawn as diamonds since they don't take any time.  The critical
       activities also have a "*" next to their names.  You can edit
       activities from within the Gantt chart by clicking on them also.
       You can also press [F1] for a help screen.
       
       To close the Gantt chart double click on the "system box" in the
       upper left corner or press [F6] again.
       
       The View Activities command (or press [F4]) will give a list of
       all activities in the project with their name, time, slack, early
       start and late finish times.
       
       The View Project summary command (or press [F5]) will give a
       summary of the project showing the name, early and late start and
       finish dates, the total time, slack and costs.  This command uses
       the same dialog box as the New File command and can be used to
       change the early start or late finish dates of the project.

       2.6 Assigning costs

       You can assign costs to a project in two ways.  The easiest way
       is to assign a fixed cost (in dollars) to each task.  You can do
       this by filling in the Fixed Cost field when editing a task.  The
       View Project summary command always shows the total cost of the
       project.
       
       A more sophisticated way of assigning costs is to use resources.
       Resources are people or objects that can have a fixed and/or
       variable cost associated with their use.  Most resources have a
       variable cost.  You can assign resources to a task by filling in
       the Resources field when editing a task.  You don't need to
       create resources before using them.  PC-Project will display a
       dialog box the first time a resource is used to allow you to set
       the costs.
       
       For example, click on the "Paint" activity.  In the Resources
       field type "Fred Bob Paint".  The resources should be separated
       by one or more spaces.  When you click on the Ok button, a dialog
       box will come up for each of the new resources "Fred", "Bob" and
       "Paint".  You can enter a fixed cost (FC), variable cost (VC),
       and maximum for each.  For example, we would assign a variable
       cost for Fred of 50, meaning we pay him $50 per day.  Since Bob
       is a friend of ours, we don't have to pay him anything, so just
       press [Enter] leaving the fields blank.  Paint will cost us, say
       $500, regardless of how many days it takes to paint, so we would
       have a fixed cost and no variable cost.
       
       The maximum field can be used to indicate that a particular
       resource is only available for so many days.  If the resource is
       overallocated, a "*" will appear next to it's name when you View
       All Resources (or press [F3]).  The View All Resources command
       also shows where resources are used and how many days they are
       used for.

     PC-Project User Manual  12


       
       If we assign Bob and Fred to another task, such as "Move", their
       fixed and variable costs will automatically be used to calculate
       the cost of the task and the total project cost.
       
       You can change the fixed or variable cost of a resource by using
       the View Resource command.  This will change the rates and update
       all tasks that use the resource as well as the total project
       cost.  You can also delete a resource with the Edit Delete
       Resource command.  PC-Project will warn you if the resource is
       still in use.

       2.7 Estimating task time with PERT

       Sometimes you may not know the exact time required to complete a
       task.  You can create a PERTTask which estimates time based on
       the likely, best and worst case scenarios.  When you need to
       create a task with an estimated time, select New PERTTask rather
       than New Task.  Once you fill in the fields for likely, best and
       worst times, you can use a PERTTask just like a regular task.
       You can also freely mix PERTTasks with regular Tasks with known
       times.  The file PERT.PRJ shows an example of a project with
       estimated times.

       2.8 The Options menu

       The Options menu has several miscelaneous choices.  For example,
       you can turn off automatic recalculation of the critical path.
       For large projects, this can speed up data entry so that you can
       make several changes and then recalculate the critical path by
       selecting Options Recalc or by pressing [F9].
       
       You can also choose Options Display settings to view the late
       finish, slack, time, or cost for each activity.  You can select
       to view something above and/or below each activity in the PERT
       diagram.  By default the early start time is shown above each
       activity.  However, you could change this to suit your own
       tastes, displaying perhaps the time on top and the cost below.
       
       The Options menu also allows you to select a "Zoom view" of the
       chart.  Using this choice (or pressing Ctrl-Z) will show the
       chart in a compressed format.  This is useful when working in CGA
       resolution or when viewing a large project.  The Zoom view choice
       acts as a toggle.  Selecting it again will return the project to
       the normal size.
       
       The Color menu choice is also a toggle that allows you to switch
       from the default use of color (red for critical tasks, blue for
       non-critical) to black and white only.  This is useful when you
       are working on a monochrome screen on which both red and blue
       look the same.  If you use PC-Project on an LCD projector, this
       is very handy.
       
 
     PC-Project User Manual  13


       The last choice, ShowRoom, displays the amount of Windows memory
       available.  If this number is less than about 10K, Windows will
       run very slowly.

       2.9 Tips for managing a project

         -  List all of the tasks and milestones on paper first.
         -  Remember, tasks can only have a single input and
            output.
         -  Use milestones whenever splitting or joining is
            required.
         -  Split lengthy tasks into smaller ones for flexibility.
         -  If costing will be done, identify all resources.
         -  Create a PERT diagram of the project from left to
            right.
         -  Use a Gantt chart to see slack times.
         -  Focus attention on tasks on the critical path.

     PC-Project User Manual  14


       2.10 Command reference

       All menu commands can be executed with the mouse. Alternatively
       you can use the Alt key and the underlined letters to execute a
       command.  For example, [Alt-F] selects the File menu.  You can
       also use Lotus 1-2-3 style commands, e.g. / F S for File Save.
       Press [Esc] to cancel a command.  Some menu items also have
       accelerator keys.  For example, [Ctrl-N] (shown as ^N) executes
       the File New command.  When a menu is not selected, the cursor
       keys will move the arrow cursor in the project window.  This is
       handy if you don't have a mouse.  Clicking the left mouse button
       on an activity or pressing [F2] or [Return] will edit the
       activity.
       
       Menu choice      Key     Description
       ----------------------------------------------------------
       Help!            F1      --Display help screen
       File
         New...         ^N      --Create a new project
         Open...        ^O      --Open an existing project
         Save           ^S      --Save the current project
         Save As...             --Save with a new name
         Print Chart    ^P      --Print the project chart
         Print Report           --Print project summary report
         Run                    --Run another Windows program
         Quit           ^X      --Exit PC-Project
         About Actor            --Information about Actor
       Edit
        New
          Milestone             --Create and connect a new Milestone
          Task                  --Create and connect a new Task
          PERTTask              --Create a new Task with estimated time
        Delete
          Activity              --Delete an existing Milestone or Task
          Resource              --Delete an existing resource
        Clip Chart     ^Ins     --Copy project chart to clipboard
       View
         A Resource             --Edit a resources costs
         All Resources    F3    --See where all resources are used
         Activities       F4    --See all activities, costs, dates
         Project summary  F5    --See project start, finish, cost
         Gantt chart      F6    --See a Gantt timeline chart
       Options
         Zoom view        ^Z    --Toggle the zoomed view
         Display settings F7    --Select start, finish, cost, etc
         Color                  --Toggle the use of color
         Auto recalc      F8    --Automatically recalculate the project
         Recalc!          F9    --Recalculate the critical path
         ShowRoom!        F10   --Show how much memory Windows has
 
     PC-Project User Manual  15


       

                     Chapter 3 - Exploring the Source Code


       3.1 Introduction

       This section gives a brief introduction to exploring the source
       code of PC-Project.  This is not necessary in order to use PC-
       Project, but it can give you some insight into how programs are
       written in Actor.  For more information about PC-Project's design
       refer to the articles at the end of this file.

       3.2 If you don't have Actor

       Actor source code is stored in plain ASCII text files and can be
       viewed in any text editor.  Source code is stored in class files
       (*.CLS) in the CLASS directory and as Actor code files (*.ACT) in
       the ACT directory.   There is also a header file (*.H) used for
       constant definitions.
       
       Class files contain all of the code for a particular class.  For
       example, the file CLASSES\NETWORK.CLS defines all of the methods
       that objects of class Network understand.  Each method definition
       is separated by two exclamation marks (!!) known as a "chunk
       mark".  These are placed automatically in your code when you use
       the Actor development environment.  Each class file also begins
       with an "inherit" message.  An inherit statement such as
       
         inherit(Network, #Project,
                #(cost                  /* sum of all costs */
                  resources             /* used by tasks */
                  autoCalc              /* boolean is recalc on? */
                 ), 2, nil)!!
       
       means that a new ancestor of the existing class Network, called
       Project, is being created.  Project includes three new instance
       variables: cost, resources and autoCalc.  All of the methods
       defined for class Network as well as the instance variables, are
       then inherited by class Project.  You will also see "now"
       messages in the .CLS and .ACT files.   These are also
       automatically generated by the Actor environment and indicate the
       class for which methods are being defined.
       
       Actor code files (*.ACT) are used to hold miscelaneous methods.
       For example, PROJ.ACT contains method definitions added to system
       classes.  The header file PROJ.H contains "#define" statements
       similar to what is used in C.  The header file is used both by
       Actor and by the resource compiler.
       
       Actor source code should be quite understandable to anyone
       experienced with C or Pascal.  Comments are within /* and */.
       Actor has if/else statements, loop/endLoop, select/case etc.

     PC-Project User Manual  16


       3.3 If you have Actor

       PC-Project 3.0 has been tested with Actor 3.0 under Windows 3.0.
       To run the application from Actor, you will need to copy the
       resources into ACTOR.EXE.  To do so cut and paste the resources
       from PROJECT.RC into a copy of ACTOR.RC.  Then run the resource
       compiler on ACTOR.
       
       The source code uses the Language Extensions I object storage
       facility.  If you don't have Language Extensions I you will have
       to comment out the file names in the LOD files and you will not
       be able to load & save projects.
       
       If you want to examine the code from within Actor, load a "clean"
       copy of Actor, then type
         
         load("proj.lod");
         load();
       
       This takes a while, but will load all of the classes.  You can
       then view all of the source code in the Browser.  You can create
       a new project window by typing
       
         register(ProjWindow);register(GanttWindow);
         PW := defaultNew(ProjWindow, "PC-Project");
         show(PW,1);
       
       To "seal off" the application select the Seal-Off menu choice and
       enter "ProjApp" as the application class and "project.ima" as the
       image file name.

       3.4 Learning more

       If you're interested in the design of PC-Project, please refer to
       the articles listed below.  Each article covers a different
       aspect of PC-Project.  I encourage you to explore the source code
       and learn more about object-oriented programming and Windows.
       It's safe to say that if PC-Project had been developed in C
       instead of Actor it probably would have taken about twice as long
       to complete and the end result would not have been as good.
       
       Zack Urlocker, "Actor, an Object-Oriented Language",
       Micorcornucopia, Nov./Dec. 1988.  This article contains the most
       complete description of the classes and objects in PC-Project.
       
       Zack Urlocker, "A Methodology for the Real World", Computer
       Language, January 1989.  This article describes some of the
       benefits of an evolutionary programming style.
       
       Zack Urlocker, "Whitewater's Actor: An Introduction to Object-
       Oriented Programming Concepts", Microsoft Systems Journal, March
       1989.  This article is mostly about Windows programming.

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