

Program License Agreement for Nota Musica
=========================================

Before using Nota Musica, you should carefully read the following
terms and conditions.  Using the program indicates your acceptance of
these terms and conditions.

Nota Musica is licensed not sold.  The term Nota Musica means the
original and all whole or partial copies of it.

Under this license, you may

- use the Nota Musica on only one machine at any one time;

- copy Nota Musica for backup; and

- transfer the possession of Nota Musica to another party.

If you transfer Nota Musica, you must transfer a copy of this license,
all documentation and at least one complete copy of Nota Musica to the
other party.  You must, at the same time, either transfer all your
other copies of Nota Musica to the other party or destroy them.  Your
license is then terminated.  The other party agrees to these terms and
conditions by its first use of Nota Musica.

You must reproduce the copyright notice on each copy, or partial copy
of Nota Musica.  You may not:

- use, copy, modify, merge, or transfer copies of Nota Musica except
  as provided in this license;

- reverse assemble or reverse Nota Musica; or

- sublicense, rent, lease, or assign Nota Musica.


Note on the enclosed TeX package
================================

The type setting system TeX was developed in 1977 by Donald E.Knuth.
The extension LaTeX was written and is copyrighted by Leslie Lamport.

Daniel Taupin is the author of MusicTeX, a TeX extension that
implements commands to print music using TeX and LaTeX.

Eberhard Mattes ported this software for use with DOS and OS/2 and
wrote some printer drivers.  Those are copyrighted by him.

Nota Musica is shipped with some of these programs (disk labeled "Mini
emTeX").  They are easy to install and don't require much space on
your harddisk.  Nevertheless, they don't limit the capabilities of
Nota Musica in any manner.

If you are interested in the whole emTeX package, we will send it to
you, provided you send as a sufficient number of formatted blank
floppy disks (please contact us before you do so).


Note on the UnZip program
=========================

Nota Musica is packaged on the installation disks using Info-ZIP's
compression utility.  The installation program uses UnZip to read zip
files from the installation disks.  Info-ZIP's software (Zip, UnZip
and related utilities) is free and can be obtained as source code or
executables from various bulletin board services and anonymous-ftp
sites, including CompuServe's IBMPRO forum and
ftp.uu.net:/pub/archiving/zip/*.


Table of Contents
=================

1      Nota Musica
2      Before you begin
3      Installing Nota Musica
3.1      The installation - step by step
3.2      Directories
3.3      Settings for MusicTeX
3.3.1      The TeX-Environment
3.3.2      Typeset
3.3.3      View
3.3.4      Printer 1 / Printer 2
3.3.5      Graphics
3.3.6      Editor
3.3.7      INI-Files and Window Positions
3.3.8      System Requirements
4      The Program Nota Musica
5      Handling of NMF-Files
5.1      Creating New Music Files
5.2      Loading an Existing Music File
5.3      Saving a Music File
5.4      Saving a Music File with Another Name
5.5      Saving a Music File Automatically
5.6      Import of Music Files from Other Programs
5.6.1      Import of Nota Musica 1.x Files
5.6.2      Import of MIDI Files
5.7      Export of Notes
5.8      Exit Nota Musica
6      Creating and Managing Pieces
6.1      Creating a New Piece
6.1.1      The Layout Notebook Pages
6.1.2      The Systems Notebook Page
6.2      Creating a Movement
6.3      Creating a Voice
6.4      Deleting Movements and Voices
7      How to Enter Notes
7.1      Graphical Note Editor
7.1.1      Notes and Rests
7.1.2      Clef
7.1.3      Sharps or Flats
7.1.4      Measure
7.1.5      Bar
7.1.6      Tempo
7.1.7      An exemple of how to enter notes
7.1.8      Hotkeys of the Graphic Editor
7.2      Textual Note Editor
7.2.1      Notes and Rests
7.2.2      Clef
7.2.3      Sharps or Flats
7.2.4      Measure
7.2.5      Bar
7.2.6      Speed
8      Working with Notes
8.1      Transpose by Octaves
8.2      Transpose by an Interval
8.3      Calculate Bars
8.4      Export MIDI Files
9      Playing Music Pieces
9.1      Note Book Page Settings
9.2      MIDI-Channels
10     Previewing and Printing the Notes
10.1     Previewing the Notes on the screen
10.2     Menupint Printer
10.3     Graphics-Export
11     Printing scores with MusicTeX
11.1     Some Information on MusicTeX
11.2     Creating MusicTeX-Sources
11.3     Editing MusicTeX-Sources
11.4     Typesetting the Notes
11.5     Previewing the Notes
11.6     Printing the Notes
11.7     Print Using OS/2 Printer Drivers
11.8     Graphics-Export
12     Hotkeys of Nota Musica
13     Possible Error Messages
14     Planned Features


1 Nota Musica
=============

Welcome to Nota Musica 2.0.  By purchasing this program, you are
showing an interest in working with music, in order to play music or
to have music played.

We don't know how much you already know about notes, keys, scores
etc., therefore we would like to take you every step of the way, so
that your work with Nota Musica will be successful.  Should you be an
old hand at this, then just skip over everything you already are
familiar with.

What can you do with Nota Musica 2.0?

1.  Enter music pieces

    Look at our sheet of music!

    It is a piece from "Freischtz" by Carl Maria von Weber.  This
    sheet is not a copy of the original, rather, Nota Musica
    constructed and printed it.  The excerpt contains much information
    for the musician.  You must of course know what you want to write.
    Nota Musica largely takes over the "how".

    Now to a few details.  A piece of music is divided into several
    movements and parts.  Nota Musica can work on up to 255 movements
    and 255 parts.

    You can work individually on every single part- that is clef,
    measure and tempo changes are possible in single parts.  You can
    just as well indicate an interval deviation of the single voices
    (i.e.  for a b-Instrument).

    Now look at our excerpt.  You can see 3 voices: the top, printed a
    little smaller for clarinet with two flats, and the two bottom
    ones connected by a brace for the pianist with four flats.

    In addition there are different clefs, that is the soprano clef on
    top and the lower two lines, as in our example, the bass clef.
    Besides, you see the desired beat, here 3/4-time, bar, notes,
    dynamics, volume p, mp, ...  and last, but not least the lines.

    For what you previously needed highly qualified employees -
    music-engravers - Nota Musica largely takes over for you.

2.  Entering notes:

    Your hand tools on the computer are the mouse and keyboard.  With
    that you can set your  staff.  An open window shows you the
    necessary work-possibilities.  You can enter chords, dynamics,
    notes with slurs, ornamentation and repetitions without
    difficulty.  While you work, the functions are at your disposal,
    with which the notes can be exchanged between programs.  That
    means for example a recurring motif from a different part of the
    movement can be copied.  That simplifies and shortens your work.

3.  Arrangement of the notes

    If for some reason (i.e.  a different arrangement of the
    orchestra, of the chorus) you must change the pitch, then you can
    transpose the single parts one interval or an octave.  Further
    possibilities are i.e.  the import or export of notes from a
    Midi-file.  If you like, Nota Musica will set bar lines
    automatically.

4.  Playing the notes

    If you compose or want to check to see if you placed the notes
    correctly, then you have the possibility to test this
    acoustically.  This is done as follows: the Multi-Media
    Presentation Manager of the operating system OS/2 distributes the
    notes.  They can be played over a Midi-keyboard as well as on a
    soundcard.  For every movement and every part, dynamics and MIDI
    control changes can be worked on.  Now you (or others) can be
    satisfied with your work.  You yourself determine the optimal
    interpretation of your piece.

5.  Printing the notes

    Should everything be correct, then the only thing that is missing
    is the printing of your piece.  As already mentioned, Nota Musica
    places all the notes automatically, which is why you need not
    worry about the printing of the notes.  Choose if you want a score
    or single parts printed and how large.  As clearly seen from our
    example above, you can enlarge or reduce the size of the
    individual part.

    The already placed notes can be viewed on the monitor, printed at
    the drop of a hat or exported to a grafic file.  (i.e.  PCX, BMP)
    for use in a word processing program.

    The printing of the notes happens through the program MusicTeX or
    TeX.  These programs are available free of cost as shareware.  A
    small version of MusicTeX and TeX comes with Nota Musica that you
    can immediately start with your work.

And now after this introduction we go to the practical side.


2 Before you begin
==================

The handbook serves as introduction to the work with Nota Musica and
can be later used as a reference book.

The following chapters describe the installation and operation of Nota
Musica.  The order of the chapters is analogous to the sequence of the
menu in Nota Musica.

In this handbook, both of theses heads often come up.

:-) I give special tips and comments on how to use Nota Musica
correctly.  :-)

:-( I make you aware of some difficulties, which are to be taken into
account while working.  :-(

However, if you cannot go further with your work on Nota Musica,
please give us a call or write to us.  We will be more than happy to
help you.

Also, if you have any desires or suggestions on improving this
program, write to us.  With that, you help us make the next version
more corresponding to your wishes.


3 Installing Nota Musica
========================

For installation, call up the installation program from
THE NOTA MUSICA DISK with install.exe.  Directories will appear in
which Nota Musica and TeX should be installed.  You can change the
directories if you like.

In case you already installed TeX/LaTeX and MusicTeX, then you only
need to enter the correct directory and the installation of the
TeX-packet will not be necessary.

Then choose whether you want to install Nota Musica, MusicTeX or fonts
for MusicTEX.

Further directions will follow.

The installation program creates a new group for Nota Musica.

:-) If you're working with an older OS/2 version than version 3.0 do
not forget to include in the library path of your config.sys file the
directory told by the installation program.  Otherwise, Nota Musica
won't work correctly.  :-)

When you start Nota Musica for the first time after you're finished
installing it, the notebook SETTINGS will open, in which you can make
some more adjustments.

Please spend some time with the pages below the LAYOUT/TEX page.  Look
at the Pages VIEW, PRINTER 1, PRINTER 2 and GRAPHIK to verify the
resolution and the mode of your printer.


3.1 The installation - step by step
-----------------------------------

1.  Place the Nota Musica disk in drive A: one and open an OS/2
    window.  Start the installation program with:

    A:\INSTALL      <Enter>

    After a short loading time, the installation programs main window
    appears.  It displays and lets you change the suggested
    directories for Nota Musica (C:\NOTA) and MusicTeX (C:\EMTEX).

    :-) If you installed (a previous version of) Nota Musica before
    and now install this in the same directory, your old music pieces
    won't be deleted, but kept for your future use.  :-)

2.  Choose the components you want to install and push the INSTALL
    button.

    :-) If you have already installed your own version of MusicTeX you
    don't need to reinstall it.  Just specify the directory MusicTeX
    is installed in as the target directory for MusicTeX and deselect
    the check-box for the installation for the TeX-package.
    :-)

3.  Select your printers respectively printer-resolutions from the
    list of available printers.  If you are not sure which printer to
    select, check your printer manual for information on which
    standard your printer conforms to and the font-resolution it
    supports.  If you need different font-resolutions to display the
    notes on the screen, select these, too.  It is recommended to use
    the font-resolutions of your printer for the previewer and the
    graphics export, so you can use the exported graphics in other
    programs.

    :-) If your printer is not compatible to any printer listed by the
    installation program, read chapter 10.1 for information on how to
    use and OS/2 printer driver.  Remember to use the font-resolution
    supported by your printer so your printouts appear in the right
    size.  :-)

4.  push the INSTALL button.

5.  If you are using a version of OS/2 prior to version 3.0, you will
    be asked to modify the LIBPATH statement in your config.sys file.

    Open an OS/2 Window and use the OS/2 system editor to edit your
    config.sys file.

    C:\ E config.sys      <Enter>

    Use the search menu entry to locate the LIBPATH statement and add
    the following directory at the end of the line.

    LIBPATH=...;c:\emtex\dll

6.  Insert the remaining disks into your disk drive when the
    installation program asks you to do so.

7.  If you changed your config.sys file (OS/2 2.x only), reboot your
    computer when the installation has been completed to activate the
    changes to the system configuration.

8.  To start Nota Musica open the Nota Musica program icon or open an
    OS/2 command prompt, change to the Nota Musica directory and start
    the program by typing nota.

    The first time you start Nota Musica the settings notebook will be
    opened automatically.  Using the pages of this notebook you can
    perform changes to Nota Musica's default settings.

9.  Please pay special attention to the page LAYOUT/TEX and make sure
    that the font resolutions on the pages VIEW (chapter 3.3.3),
    PRINTER 1, PRINTER 2 (chapter 3.3.4), and GRAPHICS (chapter 3.3.5)
    are correct and check whether the right printer model and port is
    selected for your printer.


3.2 Directories
---------------

On the DIRECTORY-page of the settings notebook you can specify which
directories Nota Musica should use.  The titles of the different entry
fields show which files are placed in these directories.  The last
entry field, titled LIBPATH, contains the directory where the dynamic
link libraries (DLLs) for LaTeX/TeX can be found.

:-( If you use on older Version of OS/2 than OS/2 Warp V3 (i.e.  OS/2
2.x) you have to change the LIBPATH statement in your config.sys file
and reboot the computer.  Changing the LIBPATH entry field on this
notebook page will have no effect.  :-(

If you click on the UNDO button all changes you made to this notebook
page will be tossed.  In case you select the DEFAULTS button, all
controls of this page will be reset to default values.  Click on the
HELP button to get help on this notebook page.


3.3 Settings for MusicTeX
-------------------------

Please pay special attention to the LAYOUT/TEX pages.  They are
important for the correct communication between Nota Musica and the
programs of the MusicTeX/TeX package.  Several tabs lead you to pages
where you can perform the LaTeX/TeX settings.

:-) You can find more information on the possible settings and
parameters for these programs in their documentation which is
contained in the TeX base package.  :-)

:-) On the following pages you can choose several font resolutions.
Please make sure that you installed the fonts in the resolution you
select.  :-)

If you click on the UNDO button on any of the following pages all
changes you made to that notebook page will be tossed.  In case you
select the DEFAULTS button, all controls of this page will be reset to
default values.  Click on the HELP button to get help on the notebook
page.


3.3.1 The TeX-Environment
-------------------------

On this page you can specify environment variables for the LaTeX/TeX
programs.  In case you have your own version of TeX installed you
select the USER DEFINED button, so you can change the name and the
contents of the environment file.

:-) Please don't select the USER DEFINED button if you use the
TeX-package that is shipped with Nota Musica.  The defaults used by
Nota Musica will work best with it.  :-)


3.3.2 Typeset
-------------

On this page you can select the program that typesets the notes.
Usually, the defaults work fine.  In case you get an error message
telling you that TeX ran out of memory, select HUGE LATEX 3.5MB.
Select USER DEFINIED to adjust this setting to any special needs you
may have.


3.3.3 View
----------

On this page you can select the font resolution to be used for
previewing your notes.  In case you also want to use the preview
program to print the notes, the font resolution selected needs to be
identical with that of your printer.  By selecting USER DEFINED you
can choose your own program and parameters for previewing.


3.3.4 Printer 1 / Printer 2
---------------------------

On these two notebook pages you can configure two printers.  Select
your printer from the printer model list box.  Choose the port it is
connected to from the output port list box.  If you check the
USER DEFINED button you can select your own program and parameters for
printing.


3.3.5 Graphics
--------------

On this page you can select the font resolution to be used for the
graphics export.  As on the other pages you can choose USER DEFINED to
select your own programs and parameters for the graphics export.


3.3.6 Editor
------------

On this page you can specify the editor to be used for editing the
MusicTeX-Sources.  By selecting USER DEFINED you can choose your own
editor.  The name of the file to be edited will be passed as a
parameter to the editor program.


3.3.7 INI-Files and Window Positions
------------------------------------

Nota Musica uses its own INI-File.  It is usually located in the Nota
Musica directory (c:\nota).  It keeps track of window positions and
default settings.

If you want the INI-File to be stored in a different directory, select
the menu item PATH TO INI-FILE and specify a different directory.

Sometimes it might be necessary to reset the window positions to their
defaults.  In this case select the menu item DELETE WINDOW POSITIONS.
Attributes of the windows other than their positions will not be
affected.


3.3.8 System Requirements
-------------------------

To use Nota Musica you need an IBM compatible PC that runs OS/2 2.1
(or a newer version of OS/2).  Both under OS/2 2.1 and OS/2 Warp you
need to install OS/2's Multi Media Presentation Manager in order to
run Nota Musica.  Nota Musica needs 6MB of hard drive space.

If you own a sound card that is supported by OS/2 you may play your
tunes on your sound card and on a keyboard attached to the MIDI--port
of your sound card.


4 The Program Nota Musica
=========================

To start the OS/2 Presentation Manager program Nota Musica either
click on the Nota Musica program object or type nota.exe at an OS/2
command prompt.

The main window consists of a menu and a container which lists the
movements and voices of your piece.  The container has a global
context menu and a context menu for every movement or voice object.

Within the container you can see to different symbols:

Using the mouse you can select and deselect movements and voices.  A
selected movement or voice is marked by a dark background.  By holding
down the left mouse button and moving the mouse pointer over several
objects you can mark multiple objects.  If you want to select or
deselect single voices, hold down the CTRL-key while clicking on the
object.  If you mark a movement, all its voices will be regarded to be
marked, even if they are not marked visibly by a dark background.

If you click with the right mouse button on a movement or voice, Nota
Musica will display a context menu.  If you click on a marked object,
all objects marked will be affected by the menu option you choose;
otherwise only the object you click on will be affected.

:-( In this menu, if you select OPEN or SETTINGS, only the object you
clicked on will be affected.  :-(

Using the VIEW menu item of the piece menu you can specify whether the
icons should be displayed large or small.


5 Handling of NMF-Files
=======================

The menu item FILE offers you several item to handle NMF-files
- Nota Musica File - .

Nota Musica keeps a special file format to save all the music
information.  You can choose any name but it should end with .NMF.


5.1 Creating New Music Files
----------------------------

Select NEW in the file menu or press the shortcut key combination CTRL
and N.  If you edited another file already, you will be asked to save
the old file.  After that you can create a new piece.


5.2 Loading an Existing Music File
----------------------------------

Select the item LOAD in the file menu or press the shortcut key
combination CTRL and O.  Select the file you want to load from the
file selection box that will appear and push the OK button.  If you
edited another file already, you will be asked to save the old file.


5.3 Saving a Music File
-----------------------

Select the item SAVE in the file menu or press the shortcut key
combination CTRL and S.  If you created the music file and you didn't
choose a name you'll be asked to do so.


5.4 Saving a Music File with Another Name
-----------------------------------------

Select the item SAVE AS in the file menu.  After that you see a file
dialog to enter the new file name.


5.5 Saving a Music File Automatically
-------------------------------------

Choosing the item DEFAULT SETTINGS in the main menu you see a note
book.  There you can choose the tab SAVE.  On this page you can define
to create a backup copy and whether you want your piece to be
automatically saved.  If yes, you can define the time interval to be
saved and whether Nota Musica should ask for confirmation.


5.6 Import of Music Files from Other Programs
---------------------------------------------

Using the IMPORT menu item you can load Nota Musica 1.x and MIDI-files
with Nota Musica.


5.6.1 Import of Nota Musica 1.x Files
-------------------------------------

Choose this menu item to load a Nota Musica 1.x file.  A file
selection dialog box will appear on the screen.  After you select a
file, the file will be imported to Nota Musica.

:-) Once you have imported a Nota Musica 1.x file, you can only save
it as Nota Musica 2.x or MIDI file.  :-)


5.6.2 Import of MIDI Files
--------------------------

By selecting this menu item or by pressing the shortcut key
combination CTRL and I you can load MIDI files with Nota Musica.
Every channel - in a MIDI file, every note is assigned to a channel,
which represents a single instrument - will be treated as a voice.

First, you will be asked for the name of the MIDI file to be imported.
A notebook will be opened subsequently which you can use to perform
special settings for the MIDI import.

On the first page of the notebook you can specify whether the
information on dynamics in the MIDI file should be kept.

:-( Simple changes in the dynamics will be detected (like f and mp),
but not more advanced ones (like crescendo and decrescendo).
:-(

Next, you can specify whether the key, the measure, and the tempo
should be derived from the MIDI file.  Otherwise, you can preset
values.

The second page of the notebook refers to the durations of the notes.
You can specify the durations that occur in the MIDI file.  It is not
recommended to allow all durations, because the durations of the notes
in MIDI files are often not exact, so a half note could be interpreted
as a double dotted quarter note.  Therefore you should only select the
durations that should occur in the piece.

The third page of the MIDI import notebook refers to the distances
between the notes (i.e.  the positions of the notes).  You can specify
the smallest distance allowed between two notes.

:-) It is recommended to use a denominator as large as possible to get
a good result.  :-)

On the last page of the notebook you can specify how to assign dynamic
symbols to different volumes.  Please read chapter 9.1 for more
information.

On the last three notebook pages, you'll find three buttons if you
click on the UNDO button all changes you made to a notebook page will
be tossed.  In case you select the DEFAULTS button, all controls of
that page will be reset to default values.  Click on the HELP button
to get help on this notebook page.

You can specify defaults for these pages using the default settings
notebook.

:-) All voices will initially be assigned to the g-clef.  Please
remember to correct the clefs after the MIDI import has been
completed.  :-)


5.7 Export of Notes
-------------------

If you like to exchange notes between several applications you have to
export it into a MIDI file type 0 - All notes are in one track.
- or type 2 - Every movement has an own track.  MIDI type 2 is not
supported by OS/2 MMPM/2.  That means a file like that can't be played
by OS/2.  - .  This function exports the whole piece.  To export a
movement or a voice look to the chapter 8.4.  If you choose this
function you have to specify the file name of the MIDI file.


5.8 Exit Nota Musica
--------------------

To exit Nota Musica choose the item EXIT of the main menu or press the
hotkeys F3 or ALT and F4.  If you haven't saved the current piece you
will be asked to do so.


6 Creating and Managing Pieces
==============================

Nota Musica's main window shows you the movements and voices of your
piece.  Right below the menu you see the title of the piece.  The
space under the title can contain two different icons:

:-) The voices that are displayed below a movement icon belong to this
movement.  If you select an option from the movement's context menu
(click the right mouse button on the movement's icon), it will operate
on all voices of the movement.  :-)


6.1 Creating a New Piece
------------------------

When you create a new piece, you first have to perform some settings
in the PIECE SETTINGS notebook.  You can open this notebook using the
PIECE SETTINGS option in the main menu or the piece's context menu.

On this page of the notebook you can enter the title and the composer
of the piece.  Both can be up to 127 characters in length.

Using the remaining controls on this page you can specify whether
default or piece specific values should be used for layout (see
chapter 6.1.1), systems (see chapter 6.1.2), dynamics (see chapter
9.1), or channel controls (see chapter 9.2).

If you click on the UNDO button all changes you made to this notebook
page will be tossed.  In case you select the DEFAULTS button, all
controls of this page will be reset to default values.  Click on the
HELP button to get help on this notebook page.

:-) You can specify your own default values for the following notebook
pages using Nota Musica's DEFAULT SETTINGS notebook, so you don't have
enter them each time you create a new piece.  :-)

For information on the notebook page SETTINGS please refer to chapter
9.1.


6.1.1 The Layout Notebook Pages
-------------------------------

This page is divided into two parts.  The first part contains LaTeX
settings.  The entry fields FORMAT and STYLE contain special LaTeX
commands and should not be changed, until you know what you do.  Below
these fields you can specify if and where page numbers should be
displayed.

In the MUSICTEX section, you can enter settings that affect the
appearance of the notes on a page.  You can specify, where bar numbers
should be printed.  Enter 9999 to turn off bar numbering.  You can
also specify line spacing, whether every movement should start on a
new page, and whether the tempo should appear on the print out.

In the second part of the page layout page you can enter paper sizes.
The values you enter will only take effect if you check the check
boxes next to the entry fields.

:-) If you don't specify anything here, Nota Musica will use LaTeX's
standard page layout.  :-)

If you click on the UNDO button all changes you made to this notebook
page will be tossed.  In case you select the DEFAULTS button, all
controls of this page will be reset to default values.  Click on the
HELP button to get help on this notebook page.


6.1.2 The Systems Notebook Page
-------------------------------

On this page you can define systems for your piece.

If you want the instrument name displayed on the print out, enter it
here.  If the instrument name's text and the notes should overlap on
the printout, you can adjust their position here.

Two different sizes are available for the notes on the printout: 16pt
and 20pt.

Also on this page, you can enter the number of main systems.  Every
main system can consist of up to 4 sub systems.  Sub systems will be
grouped on the printout by brackets at the beginning of each line.
You can size the systems independently.  For example, you can add a
solo voice in a smaller to a piano score.

If you click on the UNDO button all changes you made to this notebook
page will be tossed.  In case you select the DEFAULTS button, all
controls of this page will be reset to default values.  Click on the
HELP button to get help on this notebook page.


6.2 Creating a Movement
-----------------------

After you have created a piece, you have to create a movement.  Select
the option CREATE either from the main menu, the piece's context menu
or the context menu of an existing movement.  In the latter case the
movement will be created after the movement whose context menu you
used to create the new movement.  The MOVEMENT SETTINGS notebook will
be displayed.

To change settings for an existing movement select SETTINGS from the
movement's context menu.

On every notebook page click on the UNDO button for all changes you
made to this notebook page to be tossed.  In case you select the
DEFAULTS button, all controls of this page will be reset to default
values.  Click on the HELP button to get help on this notebook page.

On the first page of this notebook you can enter the title and
composer of the movement (if desired), both up to 127 characters in
length.

Using the remaining controls on this page you can specify whether the
piece's defaults or movement specific values should be used for
systems (see chapter 6.1.2), dynamics (see chapter 9.1), or channel
controls (see chapter 9.2).

:-( Any changes you make to the settings on this page will be ignored
if you specify to use the piece's default settings.  :-(

Please refer to the chapters 6.1.2, 9.1, and 9.2, for an explanation
of the remaining notebook pages.


6.3 Creating a Voice
--------------------

After creating a movement you have to create the voices for the
movement.  Select CREATE from the context menu of either the movement
or an already existing voice.  In the latter case the voice will be
inserted after the voices whose context menu you used to create the
new voice.  The VOICE SETTINGS notebook will be displayed.

To change the settings of an existing voice select SETTINGS from the
context menu of the voice.

On every notebook page click on the UNDO button for all changes you
made to this notebook page to be tossed.  In case you select the
DEFAULTS button, all controls of this page will be reset to default
values.  Click on the HELP button to get help on this notebook page.

On the first page of the voice settings notebook you can specify the
name of the voice, which can be up to 127 characters in length.

Next, you have to specify the interval deviation of the instrument.
It is determined by which interval the voice has to be transposed when
played.  This is used for transposing instruments; instruments that,
though notated in one key, sound in a different key (a clarinet in A
plays the tone a when the note c is written).

Also enter the number of the MIDI channel that is to be used to play
the voice.  It is important to enter the channel number that you
configured for this voice in the channel settings (see chapter 9.2).

Now enter the number of the system in which the voice should be
printed along with information on how the necks of the notes should be
printed: upwards, downwards, or in both directions (depending on
position in system).  If you specify more than one voice to be printed
in one system only the last one of these voices will appear on the
printout.  These settings only affect the printout, not the display in
the graphical editor.

Using the remaining controls on this page you can specify whether the
movement's defaults or voice specific values should be used for
dynamics (see chapter 9.1), and channel controls (see chapter 9.2).

:-( Any changes you make to the settings on this page will be ignored
if you specify to use the movement's default settings.  :-(


6.4 Deleting Movements and Voices
---------------------------------

To delete a movement or a voice, select DELETE in the context menu of
the voice or movement you would like to delete.  If you mark several
movements or voices, all of them will be deleted.

:-) If you delete a movement, all its voices, if any, will also be
deleted.  :-)


7 How to Enter Notes
====================

The most important thing of a music program is to enter the notes
easily.  Nota Musica offers you two different editors: a graphical
note editor (see chapter 7.1) using the mouse to enter the notes in
staffs and a textual note editor (see chapter TEXT EDITOR)to enter the
notes with the computer keyboard.  The text editor has also functions
to handle with the clipboard.

Choosing the menu item OPEN of the movement or voice menu you have the
possibility to edit the notes of a movement.  If you selected a
movement or a voice you can press the key F12 to call the graphic
editor or you can press the key F11 to call the text editor.


7.1 Graphical Note Editor
-------------------------

The graphic editor can be loaded from the movement or voice menu or
you can double-click on an entry.

The window of the graphic editor shows the staff (black lines) and
leger lines (grey lines).  You take the indicator of the mouse and
instead of an arrow there are the cross hairs to place the notes.

With the menu of the window you can adjust the number of staffs that
are shown at the same time.  Choosing the item VIEW - VERTICALLY you
can change the number of shown staffs.  Choosing the item OPTIMAL
you'll see two stuffs if the movement contains two or more voices.
Under every staff you find the name of the voice in blue letters so
you will not be confused.  If there are more voices in the movement as
shown on the screen you have the opportunity to scroll to the other
voices with the scroll bar on the right hand side.

Beside the staffs you see green vertical grid-lines.  These lines
devide the screen into several parts of the same size.  You can change
the number of these lines by choosing the items VIEW - HORIZONTALLY.

The menu VIEW - FILTER contains the six different entries that are
placed with the graphic editor.  In this menu you can choose the
entries to be displayed in the editor.  You'll use this to keep the
survey if you have several different entries in the same grid.  If you
delete the mark of the CLEF item you'll not see a clef change.  You
will only see the clef at the beginning of the staff.

As previously mentioned the graphic editor has a vertical grid.  The
task of the grid can be set by the menu GRID.  You can for example
determine that one grid is the equivalent of a eighthnote.  The chosen
grid is displayed beside the title on the title bar.

The second to last item is titled TRIPLET.  If you choose this item
you can also enter triplets.  You'll see that the grid changes.
Between every green line you'll find two dark green lines.  These dark
lines divide one grid to enter triplets.

Lastly you find the item LEGER LINES.  If you check this item, four
grey leger lines appear.

According to the grid the notes are printed with different spacings.
Using the scroll bar on the bottom of the window you can scroll the
notes from the beginning to the end.  If you click on the little
arrows beside the scroll bar you can scroll the notes by one grid.
Clicking on the left beside the bar you can scroll one page to the
left, clicking on the right you con scroll one page to the right.

At the beginning of the staff ahead the first grid line is the current
clef with sharps or flats.  If you scroll the notes across a clef or
sharps or flats change you'll see a different clef etc.  at the
beginning of the line.  After this the entries follow in the grid.

There are six different entries:

Notes and Rests
        Notes and rests are printed in the staff in black color.
        These are the most frequent entries.

Clef    The clefs can be placed on every place in the voice.  They are
        in a dark blue color.

Sharps or Flats
        The sharps or flats define the key of the voice.  They can
        also be set on every place in the voice but normally they are
        ahead a bar.  They have a brown color.

Measure
        Another entry is the measure.  A change in the measure should
        be placed ahead of a bar every time.  The beat is printed in
        pink.

Bar     Frequently used entries are bars.  Besides the bars are also
        repeats.  They can be placed in every location in the voice.
        The bars are printed in black and turquoise.  Closer comments
        follow soon.

Tempo   With the tempo change you can change the tempo of the measure.
        You can place these in the complete voice.  They are printed
        in black.

While setting the notes pay close attention to the grid.  Take as an
example that the grid is set to an eighthnote.  The first note is a
quarter note and you like to place an eighthnote.  A quarter note
contains two eighth notes.  Because of this you have to jump over a
grid and place the eighthnote in the second grid.  Every time pay
attention to this scheme for every note, bar etc.

Now we will explain how to enter notes, clefs etc..  Besides the
graphic editor another window (the toolbar) appears.  You can easily
choose the entries to be placed in the staff.

The first two buttons are separated by a line.  This has a special
reason.  If you push the arrow button you'll see an extension showing
six other buttons.  With the help of these buttons you can easily move
between the note, clef, sharp/flat, measure, bar and tempo modes.
Choosing one mode the extension disappears and the field beneath the
line changes.

The right button is very important.  If this button is pushed the
entries are inserted, otherwise the entries will be changed.  You can
insert a note in any place.  But if you want to change an entry you
have to look at the mode (you can't change a note to a bar).  Another
point is that you have to hit the correct grid of the note to get an
effect.  Basically we can say that if you click with the left mouse
button in the graphic editor an entry is inserted or changed.  If you
click with the right mouse button in the editor all entries in a grid
are deleted.


7.1.1 Notes and Rests
---------------------

With this mode you can place notes with dynamics, ornaments etc.  and
rests.  The entries are printed every time in black.

We are looking at the buttons from top to bottom.  Pushing the arrow
button next a big button you'll get a choice of big buttons.  After
this you simply click on the desired button if not click on the arrow
button again and the extension closes.

All six big buttons can be clicked on by the mouse.  If one is pushed
the next note will have that attribute.  If one button isn't clicked
on the default attribute will be set.  E.g.  if no sharp or flat is
set the key sets the sharps or flats.

The first button is to specify whether to set notes or rests and their
duration.  You only specify the base duration and nothing else e.g.
if it is dotted etc..  For this you use the next button.  While
placing the notes you have to look at the cross hairs (not to the note
head near the cross hairs) to specify the correct pitch.  Also you
have to look to the grid.  To set a rest in the grid you only need to
pay attention to the grid.  The pitch of the rest will be set
automatically.

:-) If you place eighth notes or shorter ones you'll see them only
with flags.  While printing the notes the flags are converted
automatically to beams.  If you don't like beams you have to set
VIRTUAL BARS.  :-)

The next button is to determine whether the note should be sharp or
the flat of the note.  If you choose the red cross the note has the
sharp or flat stated in the key.

Double Sharp
        the sign 'x' raising the pitch of its note by two chromatic
        semitones.

Sharp   the sign '#', which, set before a note, raises its pitch by a
        chromatic semitone.

Natural
        cancels a sharp or flat set by the key or a prior sharp or
        flat for the note following.

Flat    the character 'b', which lowers the pitch of a note before
        which it is set by a semitone.

Double Flat
        the sign 'bb' lowers the note following by two semi tones =
        one whole tone.

Now we are looking at the duration of the notes.  The third button is
to choose the duration of a note (triplet, dotting etc.).  If you
choose the red cross the next entry will be a normal note.

Triplets
        a group of three equal notes to be performed in the time of
        two of the equal value in the regular rhythm.

Dotting
        a dot set after a note prolongs its time-value by half the
        original time value.

Double dot
        a double dot set after a note prolongs its time-value by half
        and then once more by half - that is 3/4 of the note.

Now there are the slurs.  As before the red cross deletes the slur at
a note.

:-) Slur - a sweeping curve drawn over or under two or more notes,
signifying that they are to be executed LEGATO.  :-)

Begin of Slur
        Marks the first note to be under the slur.

End of Slur
        Marks the last note to be under the slur.

The second to the last button is to choose the dynamics.

:-) Dynamics - the varying and contrasting degrees of intensity or
loudness in music tones :-)

mezzoforte (mf)
        half loud

forte (f)
        strong, loud

fortissimo (ff)
        very loud

fortissimo possibile (fff)
        as loud as possibile

mezzopiano (mp)
        half soft

piano (p)
        soft

pianissimo
        very soft

pianissimo possibile
        extremely soft

crescendo
        swelling, increasing in loudness

decrescendo
        growing softer, diminishing in force

:-) If you assign a crescendo or decrescendo sign to consecutive notes
they will automatically be printed with an equally long (de)crescendo
sign.  :-)

The last button is to set the ornament.  You have a very large choice
but you can only define one ornament for each note.

:-) Ornament - A grace, embellished :-)

Trill   a grace occupying the entire time-value of the principal note,
        being the rapid and even alternation of the latter with a
        higher auxiliary in the key (the major or minor second above).

Mordent
        a grace consisting of the single rapid alternation of a
        principal note with an auxiliary a minor second below.

Inverted Mordent
        (Pince)

Long Inverted Mordent
        (Long Pince)

Turn    a melodic grace consisting of four notes, a principal note
        (twice struck) with its higher and lower auxiliary (the major
        or minor second above and below, each struck once).

Backturn
        like turn

Pizzicato
        plucked with the finger; a direction for bow-instruments, to
        play the notes so marked by plucking the strings.

Sforzando
        a direction commonly applied to a single tone or chord,
        indicating that it is to be performed with special stress.

Portato
        a smooth gliding from one tone to another.

Hold (Fermate)
        a sign indicating the indefinite prolongation of its
        time-value, at the performer's discretion, in accordance with
        the rhythm of the composition.

DEP     not for the foot keyboard of the organ.

Pedal   foot keyboard of the organ.

Arpeggio
        Playing the tones of a chord in rapid and even succession;
        playing broken chords.


7.1.2 Clef
----------

The clefs can be set on every place of the voice.  The clefs are
printed in dark blue.

This extension offers you all seven clefs of the music.  Frequent
clefs are the violin-clef (on the left) and bass-clef (on the right).
If you change a clef the following notes are moved in the correct
line.


7.1.3 Sharps or Flats
---------------------

The sharps or flats define the key of the measure.  They can be placed
in the whole voice but preferentially ahead a bar.  They are printed
in brown.

You define the number of sharps or flats with the first arrow button.
If you put these in your voice, newly placed notes will get these
sharps or flats.

With the next extension you define the mode of the movement.  To
define a special key you need the sharps and flats and the mode.  The
most frequent modes are major and minor.  The other modes are for
church-music.


7.1.4 Measure
-------------

Another entry is the measure.  It should be placed ahead of a bar.  It
is printed in pink.

Now we would like to define the measure.  If you want to set an
ALLA BREVE TIME or 4/4 TIME you can click on one of the buttons.
Otherwise enter the measure numerator and denominator in the next
entry fields.  By entering a number in one of these fields the two
buttons (Alla breve/C) will be demarked.


7.1.5 Bar
---------

Using this mode you can place bars and repeats.  These elements can be
placed in the whole voice.

The bars can have two colors: black and turquoise.  The black ones are
fixed bars.  These bars can only be changed by yourself.  The symbols
of the repetition-bracket have to be placed ahead of the first note of
the bracket.

Start Repetition
        marks the first note to be repeated.

End Repetition
        marks the last note to be repeated.

End and Start Repetition
        marks the last and first note to be repeated.

Repetition Bracket 1
        marks the first note to appear under repetition bracket 1.

Repetition Bracket 2
        marks the first note to appear under repetition bracket 2.

Turquoise bars are bars also placed by Nota Musica.  If you choose the
item to calculate bars, Nota Musica deletes the turquoise bars and
calculates their position using the measure.  The blacks can't be
changed by Nota Musica.  If the measure numerator is even (e.g.  4/4
measure) Nota Musica places a dotted bar in the middle of a measure.
The effect of this bar is to cut the beam of eighth notes in the
middle of a measure.  If you do not want a beam you can also place
this bar by yourself.  But if you calculate the bars another time the
added dotted bars are deleted.

:-) To enter repetitions with brackets set a START BRACKET 1 ahead the
position of the first note under the first bracket, an END REPETITION
behind the position of the last note under the first bracket, and a
START BRACKET 2 ahead the position of the next note (this is the first
note under bracket 2).  :-)


7.1.6 Tempo
-----------

A speed change alters the speed of the whole movement.  You can place
this in every place of the voice.  It is printed in pink.

To determine the speed of a voice you have to choose the reference
duration and you have to define the speed.  To do this you choose the
duration in the extension and enter the number of notes per minute in
the field below.  In the graphic editor you will see a little note and
after an equal-sign (=) the speed.


7.1.7 An exemple of how to enter notes
--------------------------------------

Setting a dotted b as eighthnote with a triller.  We put the toolbar
in the note and insert mode.  Push the arrow beneath the line to open
the duration extension.  Then choose the eighthnote.  Now push the
third arrow beneath the line and choose the point.  Look that the
point-button is pushed to accept this attribute.  Now do the same for
the ornament triller.  Now we have prepared the toolbar and we put the
note in the grid on the b-line of the staff.  The same method can be
done for all the other notes etc..


7.1.8 Hotkeys of the Graphic Editor
-----------------------------------

This section explains the hotkeys of the graphic editor.

F12     Changing between insert and overwrite mode.

F4      Changing to the note mode.

F5      Changing to the clef mode.

F6      Changing to the sharp/flat mode.

F7      Changing to the measure mode.

F8      Changing to the bar mode

F9      Changing to the speed mode.

The following hotkeys are only for the note mode:

n       If rests are selected this key will select notes and select or
        deselect the button (only by the overwrite mode)

r       If notes are selected this key will select rests and select or
        deselect the button (only by the overwrite mode)

1       Selecting a whole note or whole rest.

2       Selecting a half note or half rest.

4       Selecting a quarter note or quarter rest.

8       Selecting a eighth note or eighth rest.

6       Selecting a sixteenth note or sixteenth rest.

v       Selecting or deselecting sharp/flat.

#       Selecting sharp.

=       Selecting natural.

b       Selecting flat.

3       Selecting or deselecting triplets.

.       Selecting or deselecting dotted notes or rests.

:       Selecting or deselecting double dotted notes or rests.

(       Selecting or deselecting begin of slur.

)       Selecting or deselecting end of slur.

d       Selecting or deselecting dynamics.

f       Selecting mf - f - ff - fff.

<       Selecting crescendo.

>       Selecting decrescendo.

p       Selecting mp - p - pp - ppp.

o       Selecting or deselecting ornaments.

:-) All hotkeys except the numbers can be used in the graphic editor
and in the toolbar.  In the toolbar the numbers are reserved defining
the measure and the tempo.  :-)


7.2 Textual Note Editor
-----------------------

The text editor is to enter the notes of one movement.  You see a note
book with a separate page for a voice.  Now you edit only one voice at
a time.

First choose the note book page of the voice to be edited.  In the
first lines of the page you see the title of the movement and of the
voice.  Beneath you find a list of all entries  of the voice.  After
this you have several fields to enter the notes etc..

Now look at the list.  Every entry starts with a number.  Behind it
you find the time difference to the previous entry.  If the previous
note is a half note you see a 1/2.  If the previous entry is a note or
a rest the time difference is normally the duration of the note or the
rest.  If it is a dotted note you have to regard this.  All other
entries cause a zero in the numerator.  The denominator can't be zero.

If you want to move from one entry-field to another you can press the
key TAB or SHIFT and TAB.

At the bottom of the page you see several buttons.  With the buttons
APPEND, INSERT, CHANGE and DELETE the entries of the list.  Next to
these buttons you find a button called BLOCK / CLIPBOARD.  Selecting
this button you see a menu to use block and clipboard functions.
These functions ease the work with notes.  For example you can copy
the theme of the movement if you need it several times.  Block begin
and end are marked with a line of arrows down and up.

:-) To block, mark the first note to be part of the block in the
listbox and press the BEGIN button.  Then mark the last note to be
part of the block and press the END button.  :-)

Press the COPY button to copy the block into the clipboard, or press
the CUT button to copy the block into the clipboard and at the same
time to delete the block in the list box.  To insert the clipbord data
before the currently marked note, press the PASTE button.  To append
the data to the voice, push the APPEND button.  If you place the notes
in the clipboard you can use these also in other voices or movements.
The clipboard is deleted as soon you make use of storing other data.
The clipboard will not be deleted if you close Nota Musica.


7.2.1 Notes and Rests
---------------------

After the elapsed time you see the name of the note (e.g.  a' = a1) or
the name of another entry.  If you find a R as the name, it is a rest.
After that you'll find the duration followed by one or two dots if the
note is dotted.

:-) To enter half-triplets use the denominator 3, for quarter triplets
6, for eighth-triplets 12 etc..  :-)

The entries for slurs, dynamics and ornaments can be seen in the
following lists.  Further you have the opportunity to push the HELP
button to get more information.  For closer comments read the chapter
7.1.

Slurs:

a       Start Slur

e       End Slur

Dynamics:

mf      mezzoforte

f       forte

ff      fortissimo

fff     fortissimo possibile

mp      mezzopiano

p       piano

pp      pianissimo

ppp     pianissimo possibile

cres    crescendo

dec     decrescendo

Ornaments:

1       Triller (TR)

2       Mordent

3       Inverted Mordent - Pince

4       Long Inverted Mordent - Long Pince

5       Turn

6       Backturn

7       Pizzicato

8       Sforzando

9       Portato

10      Strong Pizzicato

11      Hold - Fermate

12      DEP

13      Pedal

14      Triller (TR~)

15      Triller (TR~~)

16      Triller (TR~~~)

17      Triller (~)

18      Triller (~~)

19      Triller (~~~)

20      Triller (~~~~)

21      Pince - L

22      Pince - SW

23      Pince - NE

24      Pince - NW

25      Arpeggio 1

26      Arpeggio 2

27      Arpeggio 3

28      Arpeggio 4

29      Arpeggio 5

30      Arpeggio 6

In the same way the statements should be placed in the entry fields.
You only have to choose the entry NOTE in the ENTRY TYPE list.


7.2.2 Clef
----------

If the ENTRY TYPE list shows the word CLEF you can enter clefs.  To do
this you only need to select the correct clef.


7.2.3 Sharps or Flats
---------------------

To define the key of the voice you have to determine the number of
sharps or flats and the mode.  In the field SIGNATURE you choose the
number of sharps or flats and in the next field you choose the mode.


7.2.4 Measure
-------------

Another item of the ENTRY TYPE list is the MEASURE.  You enter in the
entry fields the measure numerator and denominator.  Otherwise if you
like to set an ALLA BREVE TIME enter an 'A' or if you want to set a
4/4 TIME enter a 'C'


7.2.5 Bar
---------

The bars can have two colors: black and turquoise.  The black ones are
fixed bars.  These bars can only be changed by yourself.  The
turquoise bars are also placed by Nota Musica.  If you choose the item
to calculate bars, Nota Musica deletes the turquoise bars and
calculates their position using the measure.  The blacks can't be
changed by Nota Musica.  If the measure numerator is even (e.g.  4/4
measure) Nota Musica places a dotted bar in the middle of a measure.
The effect of this bar is to cut the beam of eighthnotes in the middle
of a measure.  If you like to prevent a beam you can also place this
bar by yourself.  But if you want to have calculated the bars again
the added dotted bars are deleted.

In a list box it is only possible to print monochrom entries.  So the
turquoise bars are broken lines !!!gestrichelt!!! and dotted lines.

:-) To enter repeats with brackets, set a START BRACKET 1 ahead of the
position of the first note under the first bracket, an END REPETITION
behind the position of the last note under the first bracket, and a
START BRACKET 2 ahead of the position of the next note (this is the
first note under bracket 2).  :-)


7.2.6 Speed
-----------

To determine the speed of a voice you have to enter the reference
duration and you have to define the speed.  To do this you enter the
duration and the number of notes per minute in the entry fields.


8 Working with Notes
====================

If you look under the item TOOLS of the movement or voice menu you'll
find functions to work with the music pieces.  The functions refer to
the selected entries if the menu item is called from a selected entry
or it refers to the menu entry.  The concerning entries are encircled
by a dotted/hyphoned/dashed line.


8.1 Transpose by Octaves
------------------------

Often a voice is to high for an instrument so that it is hard to play.
So it is useful to put the complete voice an octave lower.  For this
reason the function OCTAVE is available.  You only determine the
number of octaves to transpose and push the OK button.


8.2 Transpose by an Interval
----------------------------

Transposing - Write out a composition in a different key - is a very
important work.  After selecting the item TRANSPOSE you have to
specify the interval or the semitone to transpose.  An additional
quote is to determine if the key has to be changed or not.  Usually
you change the key.


8.3 Calculate Bars
------------------

While entering notes you have the opportunity to enter bars.  If you
don't do it yourself, Nota Musica can calculate the bars for you
afterwards.  Select the menu item CALCULATE BARS to manage this.

There are two different kinds of bars.  Black bars and repeats can
only be set and deleted by yourself.  Turquoise bars are set and
deleted (if they are in the wrong place) by Nota Musica.

There are also two kinds of turquoise bars: Unmitigated bars like its
black equivalents (also black in the final print out), secondly there
is a dotted bar.  This is also automatically integrated by Nota Musica
if the measure numerator is even (e.g.  4/4 time).  The effect of this
bar is to cut the beam of eighthnotes in the middle of a measure.  If
you like to prevent a beam you can also place this bar by yourself.


8.4 Export MIDI Files
---------------------

If you want to exchange notes between several applications you have to
export it into a MIDI file type 0 - All notes are in one track.
- or type 2 - Every movement has an own track.  MIDI type 2 is not
supported by OS/2 MMPM/2.  That means a file like that can't be played
by OS/2.  - .  This function exports the marked movements and voices.
If you want to export the whole piece look to the chapter 5.7.  If you
chose this function you have to specify the file name for the MIDI
file.


9 Playing Music Pieces
======================

To play the notes with a soundcard or a MIDI-Instrument choose the
menu item OUTPUT and the subitem MMPM/2-MIDI.  This item can be
called-up in two different ways.  First you can call-up it by using
the piece menu, that is all chosen functions take effect for the whole
music piece.  The second way is to call-up this item with the movement
or the voice menu.  The called-up function will now refer to the
marked movements or voices.

After you have chosen this item the dialog box is opened.  There you
can give special commands to play or stop the musical piece.  In the
first two lines there are noted the title of the piece and the name of
the composer.  Below that you can see the title of the first movement,
aside of the two buttons can be seen two buttons.  If you want to play
more then one movement after another you can select the movements
chosen like a CD-player.  Directly below the two buttons you find
three more, (from the left) to Play, to Pause and to Stop and below of
them two buttons Forward and Rewind.  In the next line you can decide
how you want the sound to be played through soundcard and the volume.

You can put in individual MIDI-controls to manipulate the musical
instruments (according to your needs) in the different Piece-,
Movement- and Voice-Settings.

In the DEFAULT SETTINGS you'll find a page called MMPM/2-MIDI.  On
this page you can adjust whether and how long a pause will be made
between two movements.  You define the pause in the range of 1 to 240
seconds.  If you prefer, a pause between two movements select the
respective field.


9.1 Note Book Page Settings
---------------------------

This page is used to specify the dynamics of a piece, movement as well
as the voice.  Using a slider you can set the volume of each dynamic
sign in the range of 0 (silent) to 127 (loud).

How strong the effect of crescendo and decrescendo can to be set by
the sliders with the same title.  The numbers of the sliders are the
same as above.  With the appearance of these symbols the equivalent
value will be added.

If you click on the UNDO button all changes you made to this notebook
page will be tossed.  In case you select the DEFAULTS button, all
controls of this page will be reset to default values.  Click on the
HELP button to get help on this notebook page.


9.2 MIDI-Channels
-----------------

You can perform channel controls for every MIDI-channel.  Because of
this you see for every one of the 16 channels a tab at the bottom of
the note book to select the equivalent channel.

On the first page you'll find a list of all GM-Instruments - General
Midi - , that are supported by the Multi Media Presentation Manager
and several keyboards.  If you push the button PLAY you can hear the
selected instrument and the button STOP stops the music.

The second page contains, among others, adjustments for the pitch
bend.  If you like to use this adjustment while playing the piece
check the field ACTIVE.

The second half of the page presents a list of MIDI control changes.
After selecting a control change mark the field ACTIVE before changing
the sliders.

The last page of the settings is titled CONTROL CHANGES.  At this
point you can enter control changes according to your wishes.  First
enter the name of the control change and afterwards the controls (e.g.
Name: Main Volume, Control Rough: 7, Control Precise: 39).  If you
enter 0 as a precise control that means, the control change supports
only rough changes (the slider Precise is disabled).

:-( Not all controls are supported by MMPM/2 and all keyboards.  Refer
to the keyboard manual to find out about the controls supported by
your keyboard.  :-(

At the end of each page you find the following buttons.  If you click
on the UNDO button all changes you made to this notebook page will be
tossed.  In case you select the DEFAULTS button, all controls of this
page will be reset to default values.  Click on the HELP button to get
help on this notebook page.


10 Previewing and Printing the Notes
====================================

o preview and print notes, choose the menu item OUTPUT.  This item can
be called-up in two different ways.  First you can call-up it by using
the piece menu, that is all chosen functions take effect for the whole
musicpiece.  The second way is to call-up this item with the movement
or the voice menu.  The called-up function will now refer to the
marked movements or voices.  This menu contains other items to
preview, print and export the final print of your notes.

The menu items DISPLAY..., PRINTER... and GRAPHICS FILE... are
combined functions that call some functions from chapter 11.  Because
of this you don't need to know anything about MusicTeX.

All three functions are started by the same dialog box.  If you select
this function by the piece menu you can choose between printing scores
or printing single voices.  If you choose this function with the
movement or with the voice menu, Nota Musica will print scores every
time.  In the system settings (see chapter 6.1.2) you defined the size
for the systems.  But if you want to keep the systems in the same size
choose the third button.  Finally push the button CREATE.

:-) If you forgot the bars in a voice, please tell Nota Musica to
calculate these bars to get an excellent print out.  :-)


10.1 Previewing the Notes on the screen
---------------------------------------

Select this menu entry of the MUSICTEX menu to preview the final
printout of your notes.  You may specify the first and last page to
preview if you only want to preview some pages.  You may also rotate
the printout.

Nota Music will start the program DVIPM.  In this program you may use
the scrollbars to scroll the visible part of a page on the screen and
zoom the page displayed by pushing + and - (or use the zoom command in
the menu).

Use the PAGE menu or the page up/down buttons (see figure) to select
the page to display.

By the time you see the notes on the screen, you can print these, too.
In this case the notes are printed with OS/2 Printers.  To manage this
choose the item FILE.  There you will find the subitems PRINT PAGE,
PRINT ALL PAGES and PRINTER OPTIONS....


10.2 Menupint Printer
---------------------

To print your notes, select the PRINT command of the MUSICTEX menu.
As for previewing you may enter a range of pages to print and rotate
the output (to print in landscape mode, for example).  In addition you
may enter how many copies you want to have printed.


10.3 Graphics-Export
--------------------

By selecting the command GRAPHICS-EXP. of the MUSICTEX menu you can
export your piece of music to a graphics file.  It will appear in this
graphics file in the same manner as on your printer.  The resolution
of the graphics can be changed using the default settings dialog (see
chapter 3.3).

You may import the graphics files created by Nota Musica into your
word processor or desktop publishing program to enter texts to the
notes or to include the notes into larger documents.


11 Printing scores with MusicTeX
================================

The menu item MUSICTEX can be called up in two different ways.  First
you can call up it by using the piecemenu, that is all chosen
functions take effect for the whole musicpiece.  The second way is to
call up this item with the movement or the voice menu.  The called-up
function will now refer to the marked movements or voices.  This menu
contains other items to preview, print and export the final print of
your notes.

Nota Musica automatically arranges your pieces on the output pages.
To print, preview or export your piece to a graphics file, select the
following commands from the MusicTeX menu:

1.  CREATE,

2.  TYPSET,

3.  PRINT, PREVIEW, or GRAPHICS-EXP. respectively.

These three menu items are combined under the item Output (see chapter
9) to preview and print the final print of your more easily.


11.1 Some Information on MusicTeX
---------------------------------

MusicTeX is an extension of the typesetting system TeX and LaTeX which
makes it possible to write notes with TeX.  It was developed by Daniel
Taupin at the University of Orsay (France).  TeX was developed by
Donald E.Knuth at the Stanford University and the macro package LaTeX
was originally written by Leslie Lamport.

For documentation on MusicTeX and LaTeX refer to the bibliography at
the end of this book.


11.2 Creating MusicTeX-Sources
------------------------------

After selecting the command CREATE you will see this dialog.  If you
selected this function by the piece menu you can choose between
printing scores or printing single voices.  Did you choose this
function with the movement or with the voice menu Nota Musica will be
print scores every time.  In the system settings (see chap.  6.1.2)
you defined the size for the systems.  But if you want to keep the
systems in the same size choose the third button.  Further you can
choose to append the notes to an existing LaTeX-File and below you
specify the filename.  Otherwies you don't need to change the name.
Finally you choose the button CREATE.

:-) If you forgot the bars in a voice, please tell Nota Musica to
calculate these bars to get an excellent print out :-)

Accords, ornaments (Pizzicato, Sforzando etc.), slurs and repeats will
be printed as entered in the note editor.  Signs for dynamics will be
printed in Gothic letters (e.g.\ mf, p).  Crescendo and decrescendo
will be printed as < or > respectively.  If a crescendo or decrescendo
sign continues for more than for quarter notes, it will be abbreviated
by "cres." or "decresc.".

A small dialog box indicates the progress of the creation process.  It
displays the movement, the voice and number of bars processed.


11.3 Editing MusicTeX-Sources
-----------------------------

If you are familiar with LaTeX and MusicTeX, you may edit the
MusicTeX-sources to adjust the format of the printout to your specific
needs or add texts to the notes.


11.4 Typesetting the Notes
--------------------------

If you select this menu entry of the MUSICTEX menu, Nota Musica will
call the TeX system to typeset your notes.  If you specified a name
different from the default for the MusicTeX source file when creating
the MusicTeX source enter the same name in dialog box that will be
displayed.  Otherwise, just press enter to accept the default file
name.


11.5 Previewing the Notes
-------------------------

Select this menu entry of the MUSICTEX menu to preview the final
printout of your notes.  You may specify the first and last page to
preview if you only want to preview some pages.  You may also rotate
the printout.

Nota Music will start the program DVIPM.  In this program you may use
the scrollbars to scroll the visible part a page on the screen and
zoom the page displayed by pressing + and - (or use the zoom command
in the menu).

Use the PAGE menu or the page up/down buttons (see figure) to select
the page to display.


11.6 Printing the Notes
-----------------------

To print your notes, select the PRINT command of the MUSICTEX menu.
As for previewing you may enter a range of pages to print and rotate
the output (to print in landscape mode, for example).  In Addition you
may enter how many copies you want to have printed.


11.7 Print Using OS/2 Printer Drivers
-------------------------------------

If your printer is not compatible to the printers shown in the
installation program you may print your notes using an OS/2 printer
driver.  To do this, start the preview program as shown before (see
chapter 11.5).


11.8 Graphics-Export
--------------------

By selecting the command GRAPHICS-EXP. of the MUSICTEX menu you can
export your piece of music to a graphics file.  It will appear in this
graphics file in the same manner as on your printer.  The resolution
of the graphics can be changed using the default settings dialog (see
chapter 3.3).

You may import the graphics files created by Nota Musica into your
word processor or desktop publishing program to enter texts to the
notes or to include the notes into larger documents.


12 Hotkeys of Nota Musica
=========================

This section explains the hotkeys of Nota Musica.

Strg + N
        Creating new music files.

Strg + O
        Loading an existing music file.

Strg + S
        Saving a music file.

Strg + I
        Import of music files from other programs.

F3      Exit Nota Musica.

F11     Calling the textual note editor of a marked voice.

F12     Calling the graphical note editor of a marked voice.

F5      Playing the whole music pieces.

Shift + F8
        Creating - Typesetting - Previewing the Notes on the screen.

Shift + F9
        Creating - Typesetting - Printing.

Shift + F4
        Creating - Typesetting - Graphics-Export.

F6      Creating MusicTeX-Sources.

F2      Editing MusicTeX-Sources.

F7      Typesetting the Notes.

F8      Previewing the Notes.

F9      Printing the Notes.

F4      Graphics-Export.


13 Possible Error Messages
==========================

Error messages of Nota Musica:

Error loading the help file:
        Check if there is the correct NOTA MUSICA DIRECTORY in the
        DEFAULT SETTINGS and that there is a file called  nota.hlp

Program cannot be executed:
        Make sure the MUSICTEX DIRECTORY and the LIBPATH are correct
        in the DEFAULT SETTINGS.  Check as well if the program on the
        pages below LAYOUT/TEX is right else verify the
        TeX-Base-Installation.

Error loading graphics files:
        Check the NOTA MUSICA DIRECTORY in the DEFAULT SETTINGS and
        that there are 19 files called *.grp in this directory.  If
        not make an new installation of Nota Musica.

Toolbar and Play-Dialog will not appear:
        Install the MULTI MEDIA PRESENTATION MANAGER or verify it.

Error messages of the typesetting program (HTEX386.EXE):

HTEX386.EXE has not enough memory:
        Please choose on the TYPESET-page below LAYOUT/TEX
        HUGE LATEX 3.5MB.

Error messages with prompt:
        Enter the character S and check the output afterward.  It
        could be that a note is out of the range of a score or you
        forgot a bar.


14 Planned Features
===================

- expanding the possibility of the graphics editor

- import of pieces via MIDI interface / MIDI keyboard

- support of more file formats for import and export (e.g.  WAV)

- possibility to enter texts for the pieces
