ÕÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ͸ ³ ³ ³ ------High Blood Pressure------ ³ ³ ³ ³ A. Captopril ³ ³ B. Clonidine Hydrochloride ³ ³ C. Hydralazine Hydrochloride ³ ³ D. Methyldopa ³ ³ E. Metoprolol Tartrate ³ ³ F. Prazosin Hydrochloride ³ ³ G. Hydrochlorothiazide ³ ³ H. Triamterine ³ ³ ³ ÔÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ; CAPTOPRIL Brand Name: Capoten Usage: Contol high blood pressure; aid in relief of heart failure. Possible Side Effects: Increased heart rate, low blood pressure, loss of taste, lack of appetite, rash, itching, dizziness, fainting. Interactions With Other Drugs: Inflammation reducing drugs including aspirin: may reduce effectiveness. Potassium supplements: increased risk of too high a level of Potassium. Antacids: Decreased captopril effect. Other Considerations: Report any sign of infection (sore throat, fever) to doctor. Take 1 hour before meals. Avoid sudden changes in position as may cause dizziness. CLONIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Brand Names: Catapres, Catapres-TTS Usage: Control high blood pressure; to suppress abstinance symptoms during narcotics withdrawal. Possible Side Effects: Drowsiness, dizziness, fatigue, sedation, nervousness, headache, dizziness on changing position quickly, mouth dryness, constipation, itching. Interactions With Other Drugs: Antidepressants: may increase effect of Catepres. Use together cautiously. Propranolol: Unpredictable blood pressure response. Other Considerations: Take drug exactly as prescribed. Do not discontinue abruptly. May cause drowsiness, but tolerance to this will develop. Avoid sudden position changes to minimize dizziness. Press ENTER to continue c HYDRALAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE Brand Names: Apresoline, Hydralyn, Rolazine Usage: Reduce high blood pressure, aid in relieving congestive heart failure, by injection to reduce high blood pressure quickly. Possible Side Effects: Headache, dizziness on changing position quickly, increased heart rate, angina, palpitations, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, decreased appetite, rash, weight gain. Interactions With Other Drugs: Diazoxide: May cause severe lowering of blood pressure. Use together cautiously. Other Considerations: Call doctor immediately on development of sore throat, fever, muscle and joint aches, skin rash). Take drug exactly as prescribed. Do not discontinue suddenly. Take with meals to increase absorption. METHYLDOPA Brand Name: Aldomet Usage: For long lasting mild to severe high blood pressure. Possible Side Effects: Sedation, headache, weakness, dizziness, decreased mental acuity, depression, nightmares, decreased heart rate, swelling, weight gain, dry mouth, nasal stuffiness, diarrhea, skin rash, drug-induced fever. Interactions With Other Drugs: Norepinephrine, phenothiazines, certain antidepressants, amphetamines: May increase blood pressure. Use with caution. Other Considerations: Report any side effects, particularly unexplained fever, to doctor. Weigh daily. Notify doctor of any weight increase. Urine may turn dark in toilet bowls treated with bleach. Take drug exactly as prescribed. Do not stop drug suddenly. Minimize dizziness by rising slowly and avoiding sudden position changes. Mouth dryness can be relieved with sugarless chewing gum, sour hard candy, or ice chips. METOPROLOL TARTRATE Brand Names: Lopressor Usage: To reduce high blood pressure. Possible Side Effects: Fatigue, lethargy, decreased heart rate, low blood pressure, congestive heart failure, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rahs, fever. Interactions With Other Drugs: Insulin, hypoglycemic drugs: can alter dosage requirements in previously stabilized diabetics. Cardiac medications: excessively slow heart rate. Barbiturates, rifampin: May decrease effect of metoprolol. Chlorpromazine, cimetidine: May increase effect of metoprolol. Indomethacin: decrease in effectiveness of metoprolol. Other Considerations: Do not discontinue drug abruptly. Call doctor if unpleasant side effects develop. Give consistently with meals. Food may increase absorption. PRAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Brand Name: Minipress Usage: Mild to moderate high blood pressure Possible Side Effects: Dizziness, headache, drowsiness, weakness, depression, palpitations, blurred vision, dry mouth, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, constipation, nausea. Interactions With Other Drugs: Propranolol: fainting may occur. Sit or lie down if you feel dizzy. Other Considerations: Take exactly as prescribed. Do not discontinue suddenly. Call doctor if unpleasant side effects develop. Rise slowly and avoid sudden position changes to minimize dizziness. Mouth dryness can be relieved with sugarless chewing gum, sour hard candy, or ice chips. HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE BRAND NAMES Aldactazide Hydroserp Oretic Aldoril Hydroserpine Oreticyl Apo-Hydro Hydrotensin Reserpazide Butaserpazide Hydrozide-Z-50 Ser-Ap-Es Butizide Hyperetic Serpasil-Esidrix Diuchlor H Inderide Singoserp-Esidrix Diupres Mallopress SK-Hydrochlorothiazide Dyazide Maxzide Spironazide Esidrix Mictrin Thiuretic Esimil Moduretic Timolide H-H-R Naquival Timolol and H. Hydrid Natrimax Tri-Hydroserpine Hydro-Aquil Nefrol Unipres Hydrochlor. Intensol Neo-Codema Urozide HydroDIURIL Novohydrazide Zide Hydropres BASIC INFORMATION Habit forming? No Prescription needed? Yes Available as generic? Yes Drug class: Antihypertensive, diuretic (thiazide) USES Controls, but doesn't cure high, high blood pressure. Reduces fluid retention (edema). DOSAGE & USAGE INFORMATION How to take: Tablet or liquid--Swallow with liquid. If you can't swallow whole, crumble tablet and take with liquid or food. When to take: At the same time each day. If you forget a dose: Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't double this dose). What drug does: Forces sodium and water excretion, reducing body fluid. Relaxes muscle cells of small arteries. Reduced body fluid and relaxed arteries lower blood pressure. Time lapse before drug works: 4 to 6 hours. May require several weeks to lower blood pressure. Don't take with: See interaction column and consult doctor. Non-prescription drugs without consulting doctor. POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS Symptoms What to do ______________________________________________________________________ Life-threatening: None expected. Common: None expected. Infrequent: Blurred vision, Discontinue. Call doctor severe abdominal pain, right away. nausea, vomiting, irregular heartbeat, weak pulse. Dizziness, mood Continue. Call doctor when change, headache, convenient. weakness, tiredness, weight changes. Dry mouth, thirst. Continue. Tell doctor at next visit. Rare: Rash or hives. Discontinue. Seek emergency treatment. Sore throat, Discontinue. Call doctor fever, jaundice. right away. OVERDOSE Symptoms: Cramps, weakness, drowsiness, weak pulse, coma. What to do: Dial 0 (operaotr) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or medical help. Then give first aid immediately. See emergency information. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Don't take if: You are allergic to any thiazide diuretic drug. Before you start, consult your doctor: If you are allergic to any sulfa drug. If you have gout. If you have liver, pancreas or kidney disorder. Over age 60: Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent and severe than in younger persons, especially dizziness and excessive potassium loss. Pregnancy: Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't use. Breast-feeding: Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue nursing. Infants & children: No problems expected. Prolonged use: You may need medicine to treat high blood pressure for the rest of your life. Skin and sunlight: May cause rash or intensify sunburn in areas exposed to sun or sunlamp. Driving, piloting or hazardous work: Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places. Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine affecting alertness and reflexes, such as antihistamines, tranquilizers, sedatives, pain medicine, narcotics and mind-altering drugs. Others: Hot weather and fever may cause dehydration and drop in blood pressure. Dose may require temporary adjustment. Weigh daily and report any unexpected weight decreases to your doctor. May cause rise in uric acid, leading to gout. May cause blood-sugar rise in diabetics. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS Generic name or drug class Combined effect ______________________________________________________________________ ACE inhibitors: captopril, Decreased blood pressure. enalapril, lisinopril Allopurinol Decreased allopurinol effect. Amiodarone Increased risk of heartbeat irregularity due to low potassium. Amphotericin B Increased potassium. Antidepressants, Dangerous drop in blood tricyclic pressure. Avoid combination unless under medical supervision. Antidiabetic agents (oral) Increased blood sugar. Antihypertensives Increased hypertensive effect. Barbiturates Increased hydrochlorothiazide effect. Beta-adrenergic blockers Increased antihypertensive effect. Dosages of both drugs may require adjustments. Calcium Supplements Increased calcium in blood. Cholestyramine Decreased hydrochlorothiazide effect. Colestipol Decreased hydrochlorothiazide effect. Cortisone drugs Excessive potassium loss that causes dangerous heart rhythms. Digitalis preparations Excessive potassium loss that causes dangerous heart rhythms. Diuretics (thiazide) Increased effect of other thiazide diuretics. Indapamide Increased diuretic effect Indomethacin Decreased hydrochlorothiazide effect. Labetolol Increased antihypertensive effects. Lithium Increased effect of lithium. MAO inhibitors Increased hydrochlorothiazide effect. Nitrates Excessive blood pressure drop. Opiates Dizziness or weakness when standing up or after sitting or lying down. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES Interacts with Combined effect ______________________________________________________________________ Alcohol: Dangerous blood pressure drop. Beverages: None expected. Cocaine: None expected. Foods: Licorice. Excessive potassium loss that causes dangerous heart thythms. Marijuana: May increase blood pressure. Tobacco: None expected. TRIAMTERENE BRAND NAMES Dyazide Maxzide Dyrenium BASIC INFORMATION Habit forming? No Prescription needed? Yes Available as generic? No Drug class: Antihypertensive, diuretic. USES Reduces fluid retention (edema) Reduces potassium loss. DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION How to take: Capsule--Swallow with liquid or food to lessen stomach irritation. If you can't swallow whole, open capsule and take with liquid or food. When to take: *1 dose per day--take after breakfast. *More than 1 dose per day--take last dose no later than 6 pm. If you forget a dose: Take as soon as you remember up to 6 hours late. If more than 6 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't double this dose). What drug does: Increases urine production to eliminate sodium and water from body while conserving potassium. Time lapse before drug works: 2 hours. May require 2 to 3 days for maximum benefit. Don't take with: See interaction column and consult doctor. POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS Symptoms What to do ______________________________________________________________________ Life-threatening: Hives, rash, intense Seek emergency treatment itching, faintness immediately. soon after a dose (anaphylaxis). Common: None expected. Infrequent: Drowsiness, thirst, Discontinue. Call doctor dry mouth, confusion, right away. irregular heartbeat, shortness of breath, kidney stones, unusual tiredness, weakness. Diarrhea Continue. Call doctor when convenient. Anxiety Continue. Tell doctor at next visit. Rare: Rash, sore throat, Discontinue. Call doctor fever, red or inflamed right away. tongue, unusual bleeding or bruising. Headache Continue. Tell doctor at next visit. OVERDOSE Symptoms: Lethargy, nausea, vomiting, hypotension, irregular heartbeat, coma. What to do: Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or medical help. Then give first aid immediately. If patient is unconscious and not breathing, give mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat, use cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR). Don't try to make patient vomit. If you can't get help quickly, take patient to nearest emergency facility. See emergency information. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Don't take if: You are allergic to triamterene. You have had severe liver or kidney disease. Before you start, consult your doctor: If you have gout, diabetes, kidney stones. If you will have surgery within 2 months, including dental surgery, requiring general or spinal anesthesia. Over age 60: Warm weather or fever can decrease blood pressure. Dose may require adjustment. Extended use can increase blood clots. Pregnancy: No proven harm to unborn child. Avoid if possible. Breast-feeding: Present in milk. Avoid. Infants and children: Used infrequently. Use only under medical supervision. Prolonged use: Potassium retention which may lead to heart-rhythm problems. Skin and sunlight: May cause rash or intensify sunburn in areas exposed to sun or sunlamp. Driving, piloting or hazardous work: Avoid if you feel drowsy or confused. Otherwise, no problems expected. Discontinuing: Don't discontinue without consulting doctor. Dose may require gradual reduction if you have taken drug for a long time. Doses of other drugs may also require adjustment. Others: No problems expected. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS Generic name or drug class Combined effect ______________________________________________________________________ ACE inhibitors: Possible excessive potassium captopril, enalapril, in blood. lisinopril. Amiloride Dangerous retention of potassium. Amiodarone Increased risk of heartbeat irregularity due to low potassium. Antihypertensives, other Increased effect of other antihypertensives. Calcium supplements Increased calcium in blood. Digitalis preparations Possible decreased digitalis effect. Indomethacin Possible acute renal failure. Lithium Increased lithium effect. Nitrates Excessive blood pressure drop. Potassium supplements Possible excessive potassium retention. Spironolactone Dangerous retention of potassium. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES Interacts with Combined effect ______________________________________________________________________ Alcohol: None expected. Beverages: None expected. Cocaine: Decreased triamterene effect. Foods: Salt. Don't restrict unless directed by doctor. Marijuana: Daily use--Fainting likely. Tobacco: None expected. Downloaded From P-80 International Information Systems 304-744-2253