A GUIDE TO INTERNET/BITNET Version 2.0 Dana Noonan Distributed by Metronet Copyright 1994 Dana Noonan TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION VAX SYSTEM COMMANDS MAIL-BASED SERVICES E-MAIL Mailing Lists Electronic Journals and Newsletters Other Mail-Based Services REMOTE CONNECTIONS Telnet File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Selected File Archives INTERNET LIBRARY SERVICES Online Catalog Basics Search Strategies Online Library Catalogs: A Starter Set EXPLORING THE NETS -- TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES Gopher WWW -- World Wide Web WAIS -- Wide Area Information Server Gateway Programs INTERNET BULLETIN BOARDS Government Information Systems Education Bulletin Boards and Networks Community Computing Systems SELECTED DATABASES Shopping on the Net USENET NEWSGROUPS WHAT TO DO NEXT Keeping up with the Internet The Top Ten List for Internet Novices GLOSSARY BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDIX A: Making the Internet Connection APPENDIX B: Creating a Plan File INDEX INTRODUCTION Over twenty years ago the Department of Defense established an electronic network for researchers known as ARPANET. Today, a loose collection of networks, the Internet, provides high-speed electronic links for scientists, researchers, and other information workers in education, government, and business. Some of these networks focus on a research topic or an academic discipline; others serve regional groups of institutions. The oldest educational network is BITNET (Because It's Time Network), which specializes in "store and forward" message and file transmission. Internet provides direct access to remote computer sites along with message and file transfer. The federally subsidized NSFnet serves as the backbone for network interconnectivity in the United States linking CREN (BITNET and CSnet), the Internet, and other noncommercial academic and research networks together for electronic mail, file transfer, news and other services. Over 1,000,000 computer sites form the "backfence" over which neighbors in this electronic global village exchange data and gossip. The Internet is just the foot-path of the Information Highway -- leading the way in linking information providers and users around the globe. Although the network has experienced phenomenal growth in the past few years, the services and navigation tools available on the net are still in their infancy. Learning to use the Internet for research, business or pleasure takes a considerable investment of time and energy. The most popular uses of Internet/Bitnet are sending and receiving electronic mail, participating in special interest groups, reading and writing for electronic digests and journals, searching online library catalogs around the world, and acquiring text and program files from remote computers. The increased availability of multi-media resources in the last year or so has made the network a richer and more comfortable place. VAX SYSTEM COMMANDS Although much of this guide applies to any Internet connection, the guide was written with VMS users in mind. If VAX-speak is not your thing, skip the next few sections. Logging on the system Contact your local computer center to set up an account and learn the location of local terminals or telephone numbers for remote access. If your campus computer system is set up for dial-up access, you can use a computer from your home or office to connect to the system. Your account will include two identifying codes: username and password. The username is your local system e-mail mailbox and will be a part of your Internet or BITNET address. VAX Commands The Basics HELP Display help files help or help topic EDIT Edit a text file edit mytext.txt MAIL Send/read messages mail TELNET Connect to an Internet service telnet pac.carl.org FTP Send/receive files KERMIT Upload or download files kermit receive newdata.zip kermit send myfile.txt LOGOFF Leave the vax system lo or log Handy Commands DIR List files in a directory dir or dir/size/date or dir/since TYPE Display file contents type listfile.txt EDIT Create and/or edit a file edit myfile.txt COPY Copy a file or files copy gopherrc. mygoph.txt DELETE Delete a file or files del filename.txt;2 or del *.txt;* RENAME Rename a file ren file1.txt file2.txt SEARCH Look for a specific text search filename "text" SPAWN Start a new process (see example in FTP section) CREATE/DIR Create a subdirectory create/dir [.nyob] SET DEFAULT [.] Change directories set def [.nyob] Emergency Commands CTRL-C Quit this process CTRL-Y Interrupt this process CTRL-Z Save and quit Command Line Modifiers CTRL-A Insert text CTRL-H Move to beginning of line Edit Keypad Shortcuts The numeric keypad can be used to enter EDIT commands. If the system does not use the keypad as the default, type c to change to the keypad option. CTRL-Z will return to the normal command mode. Type EXIT to save file and end editing; or QUIT to end editing quit without saving the file. Use the PF1 or F1 (on IBM compatibles) to choose the second command for each key; tap PF1 or F1 then the other key. Tap PF2 or F2 for more information. -------------------------------------------- PF1 PF2 PF3 PF4 GOLD HELP FIND NEXT DEL LINE FIND UNDEL L -------------------------------------------- 7 8 9 - PAGE SECTION APPEND DEL WORD COMMAND FILE REPLACE UNDEL W -------------------------------------------- 4 5 6 + ADVANCE BACKUP CUT DEL CHAR BOTTOM TOP PASTE UNDEL C -------------------------------------------- 1 2 3 ENTER WORD EOL CHAR CHNGCASE DEL EOL SPECINS ENTER ---------------------------------- SUBS 0 . (period) LINE SELECT OPEN LINE RESET -------------------------------------------- VAX Internet Shortcuts with LOGIN.COM If you use a VAX to connect to the internet, you might want to create a login.com file to make life a little easier. This plain ASCII file can be created with any editor. Note: Lines beginning with ! are comments and don't have to be typed but are included here for clarity. Type @login to start the program after any changes; otherwise the program will run when you logon to the VAX. $ ! VAX FILE: LOGIN.COM $ ! $ set terminal/device=vt100 $ ! $ ! MAIL ADDRESSES $ ! if you use an smtp mailer, substitute smtp% for in% below: $ ! $ define Dana in%"""noonan@msus1.msus.edu""" $ define nw in%"""nerowolfe%ndsuvm1.bitnet@cunyvm.cuny.edu""" ! to bitnet from Internet only site $ ! $ ! REDEFINING FUNCTION KEYS $ ! Note: Use CTRL-C Q sequence to break telnet connections, this can be handy when connection hangs $ ! For terminals and pc keyboards with function keys: PF1 = F1 $ ! $ define/key pf4 "telnet/esca=^c " $ define/key pf3 "telnet/tn3270/esca=^c " $ define/key pf2 "del [noonan.mail]*.old;*" ! use after mail "COMPRESS" command $ ! $ ! VAX COMMANDS (for the lazy typist) $ ! $ sym == "show symbol/global/all" ! what goodies are available on the system $ quo == "show quota" ! how much disk space is available $ tt == "type/page " $ ! $ ! DIRECTORIES AND SUBDIRECTORIES $ ! $ dirs == "directory/since/size" $ since == "directory/since/size/since" $ dates == "directory/size/date" $ ! $ ! VAX UTILITIES (from Compuserve VAX forum) $ ! $ q1 == "@[noonan.util]q1.com" ! modified version of TERM.COM - sends file to home printer $ cd == "@[noonan.util]cd.com" ! CD.COM - change directory - like DOS CD command $ ! $ ! EDIT MAIL $ ! The following MAIL command allows editing of the message you are replying to... $ MAIL :== MAIL/EDIT=(send,REPLY=EXTRACT) $ ! $ ! INTERNET FAVORITES $ ! $ wais :== TELNET/esca=^c quake.think.com $ cleveland :== TELNET/esca=^c library.cpl.org $ melvyl :== TELNET/esca=^c melvyl.ucop.edu $ bubl :== $sys$system:gopher bubl.bath.ac.uk 7070 !starts gopher client pointed at BUBL $ lynx :== telnet/esca=^c ukanaix.cc.ukans.edu $ ! $ ! INTERNET LIST ADDRESSES $ ! use the following to send mail to selected lists $ ! $ DEFINE metro in%"""metronet@ndsuvm1.bitnet""" $ EXIT E-MAIL One of the most useful facilities on Internet is the ability to send messages to network users in the next town or across the globe rapidly and without transmission errors. To send e-mail you need to know the recipient's username and Internet or Bitnet system address. Computer network addresses are a bit like telephone numbers, in some instances an extension will be sufficient, but in others you need area codes and even country codes. Local network username noonan Remote user username@internet_address noonan@msus1.msus.edu In the United States, most Internet domains end with designations indicating the type of site or geographical location: edu educational institution mil military site com commercial organization net network center gov government agency org all other organizations us in the United States mn.us in Minnesota Outside the United States most network addresses end with a country code. The meaning of many of these country codes is obvious, such as UK for United Kingdom or AU for Australia. Others are less obvious -- because there can only be one region with the AU code, Austria is identified as AT. Mail is sent to a network address that contains the username and network location of the recipient. Local mail requires only the correct username. To send local mail, type MAIL. Type SEND, then the recipient's username, subject, and message. Use the following format to send network mail: in%"username@network_address." Local Mail MAIL> Send To: noonan Subject: Just testing Network mail MAIL> Send To: in%"noonan@msus1.msus.edu" Subject: Just testing again Messages can be as long as needed, but remember that every network user has a limited amount of space available in his or her account. The VAX editor is hard to use effectively with a microcomputer. Long messages can be written on a word processor, saved as an ASCII file, and uploaded to the VAX via Kermit. Short messages can be composed on the fly, but remember to use the left arrow key instead of the backspace key to erase text. Do not send messages in all capital letters; they are too hard to read and have the impact of shouting at the recipient. Messages are placed in folders(directories) depending on their status. New messages are placed in the NEWMAIL folder until you have read them, then they can be found in the MAIL folder. Messages you delete will be placed in the WASTEBASKET folder until you EXIT the MAIL utility using the CTRL-Z command. How To Find E-mail Addresses Netfind Servers Although some network directories exist, it may be necessary to ask people for their e-mail addresses. One of the easiest to use and most comprehensive network address directories is the University of Colorado's Netfind Server. Given a bit of basic information, such as last name and institutional affiliation, the server will search for that person's e-mail address. In some cases it will be able to retrieve not only the correct network address, but also a mailing address and telephone number. Be sure to read the help file when you logon for a more complete description of how the program works. Select a nearby server and logon as netfind. archie.au AARNet, Melbourne, Australia bruno.cs.colorado.edu University of Colorado, Boulder dino.conicit.ve NCTSR, Venezuela ds.internic.net InterNIC lincoln.technet.sg Technet, Singapore malloco.ing.puc.cl Catholic Univ. of Chile, Santiago monolith.cc.ic.ac.uk Imperial College, London, England netfind.ee.mcgill.ca McGill University, Montreal, Canada nic.uakom.sk Academy of Sciences, lovakia redmont.cis.uab.edu University of Alabama, Birmingham InterNIC Registration Services Center: For registered domains and network information centers, InterNic offers a useful alternative to Netfind. Some local sites offer a very easy to use local Whois server linked to InterNIC. Type whois minneapolis to see if your site has a server installed; otherwise try: Whois Server Telnet rs.internic.net or 198.41.0.5 Logon: type whois and follow directions Logoff: type Q Finger Although it sounds a bit rude, lots of folks finger other network users each day. If your site offers finger service, you can easily find the correct addresses for local accounts by typing: finger so-and-so. To finger a remote account, type: finger so-and-so@remote_site. Finger has the ability to display user-generated plan files and this feature has led to a variety of useful and even entertaining network services. To get current information about updates to this guide or Network News, type finger noonan@msus1.msus.edu. Finger is also available via telnet: telnet site/port=79 and when the connection is established type username. For example, telnet msus1.msus.edu/port=79 and type noonan. Other Sources of E-mail Addresses If you are looking for an address at a specific academic institution, check the campus gopher to see if it has an address server. If you think that an individual may subscribe to a specific special interest list, use the listserv command "review listname" to obtain a list of subscribers. As a last resort, you may want to write the postmaster at the location for information, but keep in mind that they are very busy people and may not have time to respond. Addressing Internet Mail Most VAX systems require mail addresses typed in one of the following formats: in%"user@site" or smtp%"user@site" Although some Internet sites are also Bitnet sites, many are not. Use the address format listed under Bitnet below to send mail to a Bitnet site from an Internet only site. Note: Some savvy system administrators take care of details like this for their users. Local user username Remote user username@internet_address Internet user@site Bitnet user%site.bitnet@gateway ex. noonan%msus1.bitnet@cunyvm.cuny.edu America Online user@aol.com Applelink user@applelink.apple.com ATTmail user@attmail.com Compuserve 71234.567@compuserve.com Easynet user@host.enet.dec.com or user%host.enet@decwrl.dec.com Genie user@genie.geis.com MCI user@mcimail.com Prodigy user@prodigy.com Managing E-mail Glut 1. Use the delete key often and with glee. Nobody ever said you have to read every message you receive, any more than you have to read every flyer and piece of junk mail that comes to your office or home. Don't hesitate to delete mail on the basis of the subject, source, or first few lines. 2. If you file mail you want to look at later in appropriate file folders, you will be more organized or at least enjoy the illusion of being organized. 3. When you sign up for a list, you will receive a welcome message outlining some of the functions of the list and how to get off the list. File these messages in a folder called lists so that you can retrieve them later. 4. Get the *.MAI file clutter out of the root directory so you will be able to find the files you need to use. To create a MAIL directory (from within Mail), type set mail_dir [.mail]. 5. Try the following handy trick to edit and extract files in one easy step. If a long message has a paragraph or two you want to save for later use, type read/edit message #. Delete everything except the paragraphs you want to save; hit CTRL-Z; type write filename.txt; type quit. Reading Mail HELP Display mail help files MAIL> Help extract MAIL Send/read messages to/from other users DIR Display message subjects DIR/FOL Display list of folders of mail READ Read messages MAIL> Read 13 MAIL> 13 MAIL> READ/NEW NEXT Skip to next message DELETE Delete a message or messages - moves messages to wastebasket folder until user hits Control-Z or type EXIT MAIL> d/all MAIL> d 7-10,14 EXTRACT Move a message to a file in the root directory /APPEND Copy message to the end of a file in the root directory MAIL> extract edtech-memo MAIL> ext/all april20 FILE File current message in selected folder MAIL> file lists SELECT Select mail folder MAIL> Select mail (old mail not yet deleted) MAIL> Select wastebasket (mail marked for deletion) SEARCH Search messages for selected text MAIL> search www COMPRESS Shrink the amount of space taken by old mail Be sure to del *.old;* after you leave mail EXIT Empty wastebasket and exit MAIL QUIT Exit MAIL without erasing deleted messages CTRL-C Quit this process CTRL-Y Interrupt this process CTRL-Z Save and quit Sending Mail SEND Send a message to another user. /SUBJECT= Include a new message topic on the send line. LOCAL NETWORK ADDRESSES MAIL> SEND To: noonan Subject: Testing Enter message... Press CTRL-Z when complete or CTRL-C to quit. SEND FILE MAIL> SEND filename MAIL> send quotes.txt FORWARD/ Send a copy of the message you just read to another user EDIT MAIL> Forward REPLY Respond to a message you have just read /SUBJECT= Change topic of message but reply to same e-mail address MAIL> REPLY To: in%"noonan@msus1.msus.edu" Subj: RE: your message to me MAIL> REPLY/SUBJECT="new topic" Mail Keypad The numeric keypad can be used to enter common MAIL commands. Use the PF1 or F1 (IBM compatibles) to choose the second command for each key; tap PF1 or F1 then the other key. Tap PF2 or F2 for more information. -------------------------------------------- PF1 PF2 PF3 PF4 GOLD HELP EXT/MAIL ERASE DIR/FOLD EXTRACT SEL MAIL -------------------------------------------- 7 8 9 - SEND REPLY FORWARD READ/NEW SEND/EDIT RP/ED/EX FRWD/EDIT SHOW/NEW -------------------------------------------- 4 5 6 + CURRENT FIRST LAST DIR/NEW CURR/EDIT FIRST/EDIT LAST/EDIT DIR MAIL -------------------------------------------- 1 2 3 ENTER BACK PRINT DIR BACK/EDIT P/P/NOTI DIR/9999 ENTER ---------------------------------- SELECT 0 . (period) NEXT FILE NEXT/EDIT DELETE -------------------------------------------- MAILING LISTS Hundreds of special interest groups or mailing lists are open to subscription on Internet. Most are free and open to anyone interested in the topic under consideration. Some lists have little message traffic on them; others are so active your mailbox will be quickly filled with messages. Lists seem to take on the characteristics of the folks who use them. Most are serious and mannerly, but some revel in humor, controversy, or sheer pedantry (most list users are academics). The anonymity of e-mail has given rise to a peculiar form of behavior known as flaming. Flaming occurs when normally polite individuals use e-mail to insult other list members, groups of individuals, or whole nations. Some "flames" are unintentional and reflect ignorance or inexperience; others are simply nasty, racist, or bigoted diatribes. Finding a List To participate in the mailing list world you first need to find an interesting list in this guide or on the List of Lists (see bibliography). The easiest way to find a list of interest to you is to send the following message: Mail to: in%"listserv@bitnic.bitnet" or in%"listserv%bitnic.bitnet@cunyvm.cuny.edu" Message: list global /topic Example: list global /Africa You can also search the mailing list database at INTGROUP@NDSUVM1 for topics of interest. The Listserv Manager Each mailing list is based at a specific network node or listserv address that runs a program called the Mailing Lists Manager. The program functions as archivist, file server, and mailing list distributor. All of the little nit-picky details related to the management of a list are taken care of by the listserv software. Send requests for action to listserv@site not to the list itself. The following example shows messages that could be sent to: listserv@uhupvm1.uh.edu related to the PACS-L. Message Action Requested / Example subscribe listname your name subscribe to a list sub pacs-l Melvyl Dewey unsubscribe listname cancel subscription unsub pacs-l index listname get list of files in archive index pacs-l get filename request copy of a file get filename review listname obtain a list of subscribers review pacs-l query listname check subscription options query pacs-l set listserv digest/index switch to summary of postings set pacs-l index set listname nomail suspend reception of messages set pacs-l nomail set listname mail re-start reception of messages set pacs-l mail Searching a List Archive Usually all list messages are maintained in archive form at the mailing list site. While it is possible to obtain the entire contents of these archives by sending the appropriate "get filename" command, this can result in receiving great quantities of information that may be dated or simply of little interest. By sending a simple e-mail message you can search the archives of a mailing list for material related to a specific topic. Initial search: mail to: listserv@location message // JOB Echo=No Database Search DD=Rules //Rules DD * Search search-term in listname Index /* Next request: mail to: listserv@location message // JOB Echo=No Database Search DD=Rules //Rules DD * Search search-term in listname (Note: Repeat initial search) Print message-number(s) /* Managing Your Lists 1. Keep track of your subscriptions so that you can modify or cancel them as needed. Keep the welcome message you receive when you subscribe to a list. 2. Switch to digest format if the flood of messages is too much to deal with on a daily basis. Note: The additional steps required to retrieve specific messages may not be worth the trouble. It is just as easy for many people to delete messages on the basic of the subject header. 3. Use a Usenet reader to read lists that are mirrored (gated) to Usenet newsgroups. Using Usenet frees up precious mailbox space and lets you still participate fully in list activities. If you just want to read the messages in a newsgroup, you could also use gopher or www to read the messages. 4. Search list archives for researching topics of interest to you. Many list archives are open to non-members so you can search without being engulfed in a flood of messages. 5. Stop lurking and become an active participant in the lists you read. Use them for research, trial balloons, and good conversation. Selected Special Interest Group Lists Note: Subscriptions should be sent to the listserv address. To signup for ALTLEARN, send your subscription request (sub altlearn firstname lastname) to listserv@sjuvm.bitnet. LIST ADDRESS DESCRIPTION ALTLEARN@SJUVM Alternative Approaches to Learning Discussion AMLIT-L@MIZZOU1 American Literature Discussion Group AMWEST-H@USCVM American West History ANCIEN-L@ULKYVM History of the Ancient Mediterranean ANTHRO-L@UBVM General Anthropology Bulletin Board APASD-L@VTVM2 APA Research Psychology Network ARCH-L@DGOGWDG1 Archaeology List ARTCRIT@YORKVM1 Art Criticism Discussion Forum ASEH-L@TTUVM1 American Society Of Environmental AUTORACE@INDYCMS Discussion of Auto Racing AVIATION@BRUFPB General Aviation List BEER-L@UA1VM Homebrew Digest Redistribution List BELIEF-L@BROWNVM Personal Ideologies Discussion List BEVPUB-L@VTVM1 Blacksburg Electronic Village BGRASS-L@UKCC Bluegrass music discussion. BIRDCNTR@ARIZVM1 National Birding Hotline Cooperative(Central) BIOTECH@UMDD Biotechnology Discussion List BLIND-L@UAFSYSB Computer Use by and for the Blind BUDDHIST@JPNTOHOK Forum on Indian and Buddhist Studies BUSETH-L@UBVM Business Ethics Computer Network C+HEALTH@IUBVM Computing and Health CANADA-L@MCGILL1 Canadian Issues Forum CARR-L@ULKYVM Computer-assisted Reporting & Research CCNEWS@BITNIC Campus Computing Newsletter Editors CDROM-L@UCCVMA CD-ROM CENTAM-L@UBVM Central America Discussion CGE@MARIST Computer Graphics Education Newsletter CHEMED-L@UWF Chemistry Education Discussion CHESS-L@GREARN The Chess Discussion List CHICLE@UNMVMA Chicano literature discussion list CHINANET@TAMVM1 Networking In China CINEMA-L@AUVM Discussions on all forms of Cinema CJUST-L@CUNYVM Criminal Justice Discussion CLASSM-L@BROWNVM Classical Music List CNIDR-L@UNCCVM Networked Info. Discovery and Retrieval COMDEV@RPITSVM Communication & internatl. development COMICS-L@UNLVM COMICS Discussion List COMLAW-L@UALTAVM Computers and Legal Education COMMDIS@RPITSVM Speech disorders COMMED@RPITSVM Communication education COMPMED@WUVMD Comparative Medicine List CRTNET@PSUVM Communication Research & Theory Network CSA-DATA@UICVM Chinese Statistical Archive CWIS-L@WUVMD Campus-Wide Info Systems CYBERLAW@WMVM1 The Law and Policy of Computer Networks DAIRY-L@UMDD Dairy Discussion List DANCE-L@HEARN International folkdance and traditional dance DESIGN-L@PSUVM Basic Design DEVEL-L@AUVM Technology Transfer in Intl. Development DIABETES@IRLEARN International Research Project DIET@UBVM Support and Discussion of Weight Loss DOLLH-L@FERRIS Doll's House Construction and Enjoyment DOROTHYL@KENTVM Mystery Discussion DRUGABUS@UMAB Drug Abuse Education E-POETRY@UBVM Electronic Poetry Distribution List EARLYM-L@AEARN Early Music Discussion List EAT-L@VTVM2 FoodLore/Recipe Exchange EC@TRMETU European Community ECOLOG-L@UMDD Ecological Society of America ECONED-L@UTDALLAS Research in Economic Education ECONOMY@TECMTYVM Economic Problems in Less Developed Countries EDSTYLE@SJUVM Learning Styles Theory and Research List EDNET@NIC.UMASS.EDU Education News EDTECH@MSU Educational Technology EDUCOM-W@BITNIC EDUCOM Women & Information Technology EDUTEL@RPITSVM Education and information technologies EJCREC@RPITSVM Electronic Journal of Communication EMERG-L@MARIST Emergency Services Discussion List EMUSIC-D@AUVM Electronic Music Digest ENERGY-L@TAUNIVM Energy List ENVBEH-L@POLYVM Forum on Environment and Human Behavior EQUINE-L@PCCVM Discussion forum for Horse fanciers ESPER-L@TREARN Esperanto List ETHICS-L@MARIST Discussion of Ethics in Computing ETHMUS-L@UMDD EthnoFORUM, global ethnomusicology EV@SJSUVM1 Electric Vehicle Discussion List FAMCOMM@RPITSVM Marital/family & relational communication FAMILY-L@MIZZOU1 Academic Family Medicine Discussion FAMLYSCI@UKCC Family Science Network FEDSIG-L@WVNVM Federal Electronic Data FELINE-L@PCCVM Discussion forum for Cat fanciers FILM-L@ITESMVF1 Film making and reviews list. FILMUS-L@IUBVM Film Music Discussion List FINE-ART@RUTVM1 Fine-Art Forum FLYFISH@UMAB Fly Fishing Digest FOLKLORE@TAMVM1 Folklore Discussion List FOODWINE@CMUVM Discussion List for Food and Wine FWAKE-L@IRLEARN Finnegans Wake (by James Joyce) GAELIC-L@IRLEARN GAELIC Language Bulletin Board GARDENS@UKCC Gardens & Gardening GENDER@RPITSVM Communication and gender GEODESIC@UBVM Discussion of Buckminster Fuller GEOGRAPH@SEARN Geography GEOLOGY@PTEARN Geology Discussion List GERINET@UBVM Geriatric Health Care GO4LIB-L@UCSBVM Forum for Library Gopher Developers GOPUB-L@BROWNVM Translating Formatted Text to ASCII GRANOLA@VTVM2 Vegetarian Discussion GUTNBERG@UIUCVMD Project Gutenberg E-mail List H-URBAN@UICVM Urban History discussion list HEALTH-L@IRLEARN International Discussion on Health Research HELLAS@AUVM The Hellenic Discussion List HELP-NET@TEMPLEVM Bitnet/Internet Help Resource HERB@TREARN Medicinal and Aromatic Plants HISLAW-L@ULKYVM History of Law (Feudal, Common, Canon) HISTORY@PSUVM History List HIT@UFRJ Highly Imaginative Technologies HOMESAT@NDSUVM1 Home Satellite Technology HORROR@PACEVM Horror HPSST-L@QUCDN History and Philosophy of Science HRD-L@MIZZOU1 Human Resource Development HUMANIST@BROWNVM HUMANIST Discussion HYPERCRD@MSU Hypercard Discussion List HYTEL-L@KENTVM HYTELNET Updates Distribution IAFA-L@VTVM1 Scholarly disc. of Fantastic Literature IDFORUM@YORKVM1 Industrial Design Forum INDIA@PCCVM The India List INGRAFX@PSUVM Information Graphics INT-LAW@UMINN1 Foreign and International Law Issues IOOB-L@UGA Industrial Psychology ISAGA-L@UHCCVM Int'l Simulation & Gaming Assn. Forum JAZZ-L@TEMPLEVM Jazz Lovers' List JOURNET@QUCDN Journalism Education KIDCAFE@NDSUVM1 KIDCAFE Youth Dialog KIDZMAIL@ASUACAD KIDS EXPLORING ISSUES KLARINET@VCCSCENT Klarinet - Clarinettist's Network L-CHA@UQAM Canadian Hist. Association LABOR-L@YORKVM1 Labor in the North American Economy LANTRA-L@SEARN Interpreting (and) translation LARCH-L@SUVM Landscape Architecture Electronic Forum LAWSCH-L@AUVM Law School Discussion List LGA-L@UREGINA1 Local Government Administration List LINGUIST@TAMVM1 LINGUIST LITERARY@UCF1VM Discussions about Literature LIVE-EYE@YORKVM1 Color and Vision Discussion LLTI@DARTCMS1 Language Learning and Technology Intl. LORE@NDSUVM1 Folklore List MAGAZINE@RPITSVM Magazines MARKET-L@UCF1VM For marketing academics and practitioners MASSCOMM@RPITSVM Mass comm. and new technologies MAPS-L@UGA Maps and Air Photo Systems Forum MBA-L@MARIST MBA Student ciriculum discussion MEDIA-L@BINGVMB Media in Education MEDSCI-L@BROWNVM Medieval Science Discussion List MEXICO@ITESMVF1 Noticias de Mexico, en espanol MEXICO-L@TECMTYVM Knowing Mexico: people, places, culture MIDEUR-L@UBVM Discussion of Middle Europe MILHST-L@UKANVM Military History MINCON@UKCC Minority Recruitment and Retention MMEDIA-L@ITESMVF1 Multimedia discussion list MOUNT-L@TRMETU Mountaineering Discussion List MUSEUM-L@UNMVMA Museumdiscussion MUSIC@FINHUTC Music-Research MUSIC-ED@UMINN1 Music Education MUSLIMS@ASUACAD Muslim News Network NAT-LANG@TAMVM1 Languages of Aboriginal Peoples NATIVE-L@TAMVM1 Issues Pertaining to Aboriginal People NBEA-L@AKRONVM National Business Education Assn. Disc. NCS-L@UMDD National Crime Survey NETTRAIN@UBVM Internet/BITNET Network Trainers NEW-LIST@NDSUVM1 New List Announcements NEWBOOKS@RPITSVM New Books in Communication NEWCROPS@PURCCVM Discussion list for New Crops NSP-L@RPITSVM Noble Savage Philosphers NUTEPI@DB0TUI11 Nutritional epidemiology NUTWORKS@TCSVM NutWorks Distribution list ORGCOMM@RPITSVM Communication in organizations OPT-PROC@TAUNIVM Optical Computing and Holography List OUTDOR-L@ULKYVM Outdoor Discussion Group PA_NET@SUVM Public Administration Network PACARC-L@WSUVM1 Pacific Rim Archaeology PACS-L@UHUPVM1.UH.EDU Public-Access Computer Systems PACS-P@UHUPVM1.UH.EDU PACS Publications PAGEMAKR@INDYCMS PageMaker for Desktop Publishers PANET-L@YALEVM Medical Education and Health PCBUILD@TSCVM Building PCs PETS-L@ITESMVF1 Domestic animal care and education PHILCOMM@RPITSVM Philosophy of communication PHILOSOP@YORKVM1 Philosophy Discussion Forum PHOTO-L@BUACCA Photography Phorum PHOTOSYN@TAUNIVM Photosynthesis Researchers' PHYS-L@UWF Forum for Physics Teachers PHYSIC-L@TAUNIVM Physics List POD-L@TAMVM1 Professional Organizational & Dev. Disc. POLCOMM@RPITSVM Political communication POLI-SCI@RUTVM1 Political Science Digest POLITICS@UCF1VM Discussion of Politics PSI-L@RPITSVM Parapsychology Discussion Forum PSRT-L@MIZZOU1 Political Science Research & Teaching PSTAT-L@IRLEARN Discussion of Stats and Programming PURTOPOI@PURCCVM Rhetoric, Language, Prof. Writing QNTEVA-L@PSUVM Quantitative Methods: Theory & Design QUAKE-L@NDSUVM1 QUAKE-L Discussion List QUALRS-L@UGA Qualitative Research for the Human Sciences QUARKXPR@IUBVM The Quark Express List RAILROAD@CUNYVM The Railroad List RE-FORUM@UTARLVM1 Real Estate Forum RECYCLE@UMAB Recycling in Practice REED-L@UTORONTO Records of Early English Drama RELIGCOM@UKCC RELIGCOM --A Discussion forum REMOTE-L@SUVM Discussion of Remote Control Hobbies RENAIS-L@ULKYVM Early Modern History - Renaissance RHETORIC@RPITSVM Rhetoric, social movements, persuasion ROCK@TRITU Rock&Roll Music Discussion List ROOTS-L@NDSUVM1 Genealogy List RURALDEV@KSUVM Community & Rural Economic Development RUSSIA@ARIZVM1 Russia and her neighbors list SBSWE-L@SBCCVM Society of Women Engineers SCOUTS-L@TCUBVM Youth Groups Discussion List SCRNWRIT@TAMVM1 Screen Writing Discussion List SCREEN-L@UA1VM Film and TV Studies Discussion SEDIT-L@UMDD Scholarly Editing Forum SFLOVERS@RUTVM1 SF-Lovers List SHAKER@UKCC Shaker - A forum SHAKSPER@UTORONTO Shakespeare Electronic Conference SKEPTIC@YORKVM1 Skeptic Discussion Group SLART-L@CUNYVM Second Language Acquisition SLOVAK-L@UBVM Discussion of Slovak issues SM-RUM@ICNUCEVM Small Ruminant Discussion List SOCORG-K@UTORONTO Social Organization of Knowledge SOCWORK@UMAB Social Work Discussion List SOS-DATA@UNCVM1 Social Science Data List SPORTPSY@TEMPLEVM Exercise and Sports Psychology SPSSX-L@MARIST SPSSX(r) Discussion SSREL-L@UTKVM1 Scientific Study of Religion STAT-GEO@UFRJ Quantitative Methods in Geosciences STAT-L@MCGILL1 Statistical Consulting STATEPOL@UMAB Politics in the American States STATLG-L@SBCCVM Baseball League and Sports Disc. STLHE-L@UNBVM1 Teaching & Learning in Higher Educ. STOPRAPE@BROWNVM Sexual Assault Activist List STREK-L@PCCVM Star Trek Fan Club STUTT-L@TEMPLEVM Stuttering: Research & Clinical Practice SWIM-L@UAFSYSB Discussion of all aspects of swimming SWL-L@CUVMB Short Wave Listener's List TEACHEFT@WCU Teaching Effectiveness TECGRP-L@PSUVM Technology and Social Behavior Group TECHTR@ARIZVM1 Technology Transfer TECHWR-L@OSUVM1 Technical Writers List TEXTILES@TREARN Textiles & Clothing Studies THEATRE@GREARN The Theatre Discussion List TOLKIEN@JHUVM J.R.R.Tolkien's books TOOLB-L@UAFSYSB Asymetrix "Toolbook" product TRANSIT@GITVM1 Transit Issues Discussion List TRAVEL-L@TREARN Tourism Discussions TRDEV-L@PSUVM Training and Development List TWAIN-L@YORKVM1 Mark Twain Forum TYPO-L@IRLEARN Discussion of Typography TV-L@TREARN TV Discussions URBAN-L@TREARN Urban Planning Discussion List URBANET@MSU Urban Planning Student Network VAMPYRES@GUVM Vampiric lore, fact and fiction VETMED-L@UGA Veterinary Medicine VIDNET-L@UGA Video Network Discussion List VIRTU-L@UIUCVMD VR / sci.virtual-worlds VPIEJ-L@VTVM1 Publishing E-Journals WATER-L@WSUVM1 Water Quality Discussion List WHIM@TAMVM1 A discussion list for "Humour Studies" WIN3-L@UICVM Microsoft Windows Version 3 WMST-L@UMDD Women's Studies List WOODWORK@IPFWVM Woodworking Discussions WORLD-L@UBVM Forum on non-Eurocentric world history WORDS-L@YALEVM English Language Discussion WP50-L@OTTAWA WordPerfect Corp. Products Y-RIGHTS@SJUVM Kid/Teen Rights Discussion Group YACHT-L@GREARN Yachting, Sailing &amateur BoatBuilding ELECTRONIC JOURNALS AND NEWSLETTERS Electronic digests and journals are also available from some listserv sites. A few are refereed; most are not. Some are sponsored by professional associations or commercial publishers, but a great many are the online equivalent of desktop or copy- shop self-publishing efforts. One unusual characteristic of electronic journals is that they often contain only brief abstracts of articles that can be requested from the listserv address. Major archive sites A couple of years ago CICnet mounted a major effort to collect, organize, and archive electronic journals. Although the project has suffered from changing management, lack of funding, and poor subject cataloging, it is the most important collection of electronic journals on the net. Because of an emphasis on collecting journals from other archive sites rather than from lists and Usenet newsgroups, there is a lot of older material in the collection including a number of journals that ceased publication some time ago. ELECTRONIC JOURNAL COLLECTION (CICNET) Gopher gopher.cic.net 70 Commercial publishers looked at the number of potential readers on the net and tried to figure out how to tap the market. One effort is the Electronic Newstand that provides sample articles, tables-of-contents, and "special" subscription offers. Aside from the fact that most of the "special" subscription offers don't match the offers found in flyers on every campus in the United States or in the magazines themselves, the Electronic Newstand is a smashing idea for both publisher and the net. ELECTRONIC NEWSTAND Gopher gopher internet.com 2100 or Telnet internet.com Login: type enews The Chronicle of Higher Education is the favorite publication of many academics. The Chronicle gopher server offers summary of each issue and a searchable database of job listings. CHRONICLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION Gopher chronicle.merit.edu 70 Selected Technology/Internet Newsletters Edupage listproc@educom.edu sub edupage firstname lastname Bits-n-bytes listserv@acad1.dana.edu sub bits-n-bytes firstname lastname GNN info@gnn.com send gnn info HOTT hott-list.request@ucsd.edu sub hott-list firstname lastname InfoCycle contact: jwsmith@io.org Infobits listserv@gibbs.oit.unc.edu sub infobits firstname lastname OTHER MAIL-BASED SERVICES Almanac Like listservs, Almanac provides subscriptions to newsletters and journals, as well as easy retrieval of specific articles. Almanac servers can also include multimedia graphics and sound bytes in e-mail files. Although some servers accept document submissions, Almanac does not provide the platform for discussion of common issues and concerns offered by the special interest lists. Almanac servers offer timely and free information to e-mail users, particularly in the areas related to agricultural extension services. Selected Almanac Servers Almanac almanac@oes.orst.edu almanac @silo.udavis.edu almanac@joe.uwex.edu almanac@empire.cce.cornell.edu almanac@acenet.auburn.edu almanac@ecn.purdue.edu almanac@ces.ncsu.edu White House Publications publications@whitehouse.gov send info USDA Extension Service almanac@esusda.gov Just for fun -- daily quotations Thought for the Day listserv@tamvm1 sub tftd-l firstname lastname The Quote of the Day qotd-requet@ensu.ucalgary.ca sub qotd firstname lastname REMOTE CONNECTIONS TELNET The telnet command lets you connect to other computer systems on the Internet. Most hosts use some sort of login procedure requiring user-ids and passwords. Activities on remote system are limited to those available to the guests. One of the frustrations of making telnet connections is that from time to time it is nearly impossible to break the connection. The Vax LOGIN.COM file on page 4 of this guide show how to remap the keyboard to use the escape sequence listed below. Telnet Commands TELNET host Connect to a remote host TELNET/esca=^C host Sets escape sequence so that Ctrl-C followed by q exits any telnet connection TELNET host/port=# Some host require specific port number TELNET/TN3270 host Connect to a remote using IBM 3270 emulation TELNET host log-file x Connects to remote host and logs session activities to file x Capturing a Telnet Session In spite of the popularity of Gopher, WWW, and Hytelnet for making easy telnet connections, they are not particularly useful when you need to capture session activities to a file for later editing. If you want to log a session to a file that you can subsequently edit and use in other ways, use the telnet log-file option. This works well on systems that do not use specific screen locations for directions and commands. For example, logging a search of the PALS catalog works well while a similar log for a LUMINA search is unusable. (PALS and LUMINA are the online catalogs of the Minnesota State University System and the University of Minnesota.) FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL (FTP) Anonymous FTP (File Transfer Protocol) transfers files from one Internet site to another. For the most part, remote file transfers should be used only after business hours and on weekends so that remote system resources are free to serve local users. The basic procedure for using FTP is: Basic Commands FTP Example FTP site FTP vm1.nodak.edu Type user anonymous Type user anonymous Type your full e-mail address Type your full e-mail address CD subdirectory CD NNEWS Get filename Get guide2.nnews Type exit to end ftp session Type exit FTP Commands DIR List files on remote host dir CD Change subdirectory on remote host cd directory-name Move up one level cd .. GET Transfer a file from remote host get filename MGET Transfer a group of files mget *.txt PUT Transfer a file to remote host put filename MPUT Transfer a group of files remote host mget *.txt SET TYPE Required for transferring binary files type image SPAWN Run another process(program) spawn type readme /page Useful for looking at READ.ME files without quitting FTP Finding Files Using ARCHIE The ARCHIE servers around the world maintain a searchable database of the contents of hundreds of FTP site archives. If you are looking for specific file or type of files, ARCHIE will help you locate appropriate FTP sites. If your site has an Archie client, just type the following command to get the list of basic commands available to you: archie. To find sites that have subdirectories of picture files, type archie pictures. Public access Archie servers are available for sites lacking Archie clients. These servers often limit the number of concurrent telnet connections due to overwhelming demand. Ask your computer services department to install an Archie client. Telnet archie.internic.net Login type archie Type find search_term Type quit Transferring Files to a PC Some remote computers maintain archives of public domain and shareware programs for IBM and Macintosh microcomputers. Although copying files from remote computers to a Vax using FTP usually takes very little time, using Kermit to download files from a Vax to a microcomputer is a tedious process. If a program is available on a local BBS, there is no reason to waste your time using FTP and Kermit to download files. Selected File Archives Archive Address Directory Network Information and Guides: InterNIC: Registration Info rs.internic.net InterNIC: Directory/Database ds.internic.net InterNIC: Infosource is.internic.net Network Information ftp.sura.net pub/nic University of Michigan una.hh.lib.umich.edu inet dirsstacks Network Navigation Tools: Gopher boombox.micro.umn.edu pub/gopher Hytelnet ftp.usask.ca pub/hytelnet Libs.com sonoma.edu pub Lynx ftp2.cc.ukans.edu pub/lynx Cello ftp.law.cornell.edu pub/LII/Cello Mosiac ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu Library Guides and Software: Barron ftp.unt.edu pub/library Noonan vm1.nodak.edu nnews St. George ariel.unm.edu library Library software archive hydra.uwo.ca libsoft Electronic Text Archives: CPET guvax.georgetown.edu Electronic Frontier Fndtn. ftp.eff.org pub/eff Internet Wiretap wiretap.spies.com Library of Congress ftp.loc.gov Online Book Initiative ftp.std.com obi Oxford Text Archive black.ox.ac.uk ota Project Gutenberg mrcnext.cso.uiuc.edu pub/etext Scholarly Communication Proj. borg.lib.vt.edu General Interest: University of North Carolina sunsite.unc.edu Usenet FAQs rtfm.mit.edu pub/usenet/news.answers Software: MAC/PC/ archive.umich.edu MAC sumex-aim.stanford.edu PC oak.oakland.edu PC wuarchive.wustl.edu PC - MS Windows ftp.cica.indiana.edu INTERNET LIBRARY SERVICES Online Catalog Basics Keyword and Boolean Searching The online catalog supports a variety of ways of searching for information not available in the traditional card catalog. One of the most useful is the keyword or term search. Select the keyword search option and enter the term or terms you think are most clearly related to the subject of your search. Keyword searches are a good starting point when you are not familiar with the subject headings in a particular subject area. Note: Keyword searches may be restricted to just one part of a catalog record such as the title or they may be based on the entire record. Boolean searches combine terms using the logical operators AND, OR, and NOT. The OR operator expands the number of possible matches or "hits"; AND and NOT limit the number of matches to those items most closely related to the search topic. Wildcards or truncators expand the number of successful matches in a search. For example, some online systems will search for any record that includes the root word GEO or GEO#. Such a search would find geometry, geology, geographical, etc. Some online catalogs allow users to limit a search to a particular library, language, materials format, or date of publication. Often these limits are set after the initial search is completed. Search delimiters can bring the number of "hits" down to manageable size. Databases and Gateways Many online catalogs now offer access to periodical databases, dictionaries, in-house bibliographies, calendars, and other databases. Because of licensing agreements these additional features may not be available to remote users on the Internet. Read the catalog news or help screens from time to time to check for new resources. Search Strategies 1. Identify the best set of online catalogs to search for your topic. Local catalogs offer convenience and ready access; national library or major university catalogs collection depth or breadth. Authors and topics closely tied to a specific region are usually well represented in the library catalogs of those regions. 2. Determine the type(s) of search to conduct: author, title, subject heading, keyword, or call number. Keyword searches are a good starting point when you don't know which subject headings are related to your topic. 3. Jot down the search terms you will use to complete the search. Modify the list as needed after viewing citations. Note: Most online systems balk at searching for short common words such as THE, IN, or WITH. Avoid using these terms. 4. To expand the number of "hits" use the logical operator or and use the appropriate wildard or truncator. For example: search for "Twain or Melville" to expand the search to items that mention either or both authors. 5. To limit the number of hits use the logical operators AND and NOT. For example: search for "Iowa and Wisconsin" to limit retrieval to items that include both keywords. 6. Some online catalogs, such as PALS, allow users to employ a multi-step process to limit and refine searches. Once the primary search request is processed, you can limit it by date, language, and even material format. 7. Display a few records to see if you are finding the right sort of material. Examine the subject headings and consider changing your search terms if necessary. Continue the search until you are satisfied that you have found enough material to serve your needs. 8. Record the results of your search. Print a hard copy of the screen or capture the whole search to a text file for later editing and printing, or just jot down the information you need in order to locate the material in a local library. 9. Consider repeating your search in another online catalog. 10. After you complete an online search, the best place to begin your search for the materials is your local college or central public library. Although you may not find the exact title you want on the shelves, you may find similar and perhaps even more useful items on nearby shelves. Your local public or college librarian can help you complete an interlibrary loan request if necessary. Online Library Catalogs: A Starter Set Although LIBCAT (see bibliography) lists more than 750 online library catalogs, few people have any need to search so widely. Try the following major research libraries in the United States to get a feel for searching different types of online catalogs. DB = Database; SC = Special Collection. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS INFORMATION SYSTEM - LOCIS TELNET: locis.loc.gov or 140.147.254.3 LOGON: None LOGOFF: From main menu DB: Federal Legislation since 1981, Copyright information DB: National Referral Center Resources File, Foreign Law NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY RESEARCH LIBRARIES OPAC: INNOPAC TELNET: 149.123.101.18 LOGON: Login: type library LOGOFF: From main menu SC: Arents Tobacco Collection; Lewis Carroll SC: Berg Collection of English and American Literature SC: Schomburg Collection of Black Culture SC: Book Arts Collection UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA TELNET: melvyl.ucop.edu or 192.35.222.222 LOGON: Terminal: VT100 LOGOFF: Type END then LOGOFF DB: OCEAN DB, Asia & Pacific Studies; US Forest Service SC: Gregory Bateson; Kenneth Patchen - UC Santa Cruz SC: Robert Heinlein; Carlyle - UC Santa Cruz CATNET - BIG 10 UNIVERSITIES LIBRARY CATALOGS OPAC: NOTIS TELNET: thorplus.lib.purdue.edu or 128.210.63.104 LOGON: Login: type catnet Hit RETURN Select library LOGOFF: From main menu COLORADO ALLIANCE OF RESEARCH LIBRARIES - CARL OPAC: CARL TELNET: pac.carl.org or 192.54.81.128 LOGON: Service: type PAC Terminal: VT100 Select library catalogs (1) LOGOFF: Type //EXIT DB: Environmental Education, Conser, Online Libraries DB: Uncover, British Library Document Supply Centre, DB: Journal Graphics SC: Kelmscott Press; John Masefield - UC Boulder SC: Limited Edition Club - UC Boulder SC: Mountaineering Collection - UC Boulder HARVARD UNIVERSITY OPAC: Z39.58 TELNET: hollis.harvard.edu or 128.103.60.31 LOGON: Hit RETURN Type HOLLIS Type choose hu LOGOFF: Hit ESCAPE xx Online Guide to Harvard Libraries SC: too many to list - search Online Guide ILLINET TELNET: illinet.aiss.uiuc.edu or 128.174.53.54 LOGON: Hit B then RETURN Select ILLINET Select IOMENU LOGOFF: Hit X then X then E STANFORD UNIVERSITY OPAC: FOLIO TELNET: forsythetn.stanford.edu or 36.172.0.41 LOGON: Login: type socrates then y Terminal: VT100 LOGOFF: Type END or LOGOFF DB: Technical reports, Martin Luther King, Jr. bibliography DB: Bookstore catalog SC: John Steinbeck; Slavica Collections SC: Barchas Collection - making of modern science UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS, AUSTIN TELNET: utcat.utexas.edu or 128.83.186.104 LOGON: Hit RETURN several times Terminal: VT100 Type UTCAT LOGOFF: Type STOP Select Logoff then type stop SC: Aldine Collection (500+ from press of Aldo Manuzio) SC: Benson Latin American Collection; Medici Collection SC: Cortot Collection - psalters and liturgical music SC: Van Wijk Chronology Collection YALE UNIVERSITY OPAC: NOTIS TELNET: umpg.ycc.yale.edu/port=6520 or 130.132.21.64 6520 LOGON: Terminal: VT100 Hit RETURN Type OPAC LOGOFF: Type STOP SC: Art of the Book; Horace Walpole SC: Judaica; Holocaust Testimony Minnesota Libraries ANOKA COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY OPAC: DRA TELNET: anoka.lib.mn.us or 198.174.40.2 LOGON: Login: type library LOGOFF: Type exit DB: Popular Song Index CARLETON COLLEGE TELNET: lib1.carleton.edu or 137.22.1.192 LOGON: When connected: type start LOGOFF: Type end CARVER COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY OPAC: DRA TELNET: carver.lib.mn.us or 198.174.49.2 LOGON: Login: type search LOGOFF: Type quit CLICNET - TWIN CITIES PRIVATE COLLEGES OPAC: DYNIX TELNET: host.clic.edu or 192.138.131.241 LOGON: Login: type clicnet Terminal: VT100 LOGOFF: Type later SC: Celtic Library (4600+) - University of St. Thomas DAKOTA COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY OPAC: DYNIX TELNET: dakota.lib.mn.us or 198.174.54.2 LOGON: Login: type library LOGOFF: From main menu DB: Community resources; local newspaper index MINNESOTA STATE UNIVERSITIES OPAC: PALS TELNET: pals.msus.edu or 134.29.1.16 LOGON: None LOGOFF: Type $$SOFF NORTHERN LIGHTS LIBRARY NETWORK OPAC: DRA TELNET: aurora.northernlights.lib.mn.us or 198.174.98.1 LOGON: Username: type northern Password: type fortwalton LOGOFF: Type exit then E RAMSEY COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY OPAC: DYNIX TELNET: ramsey.lib.mn.us or 198.174.50.2 LOGON: Login: type library LOGOFF: From main menu DB: community resources SCOTT COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY OPAC: DRA TELNET: scott.lib.mn.us or 198.174.49.2 LOGON: Login: type library LOGOFF: Type quit ST. PAUL PUBLIC LIBRARY OPAC: CSLI TELNET: stpaul.lib.mn.us or 198.174.52.100 LOGON: Login: type library LOGOFF: From main menu TRAVERSE DES SIOUX LIBRARY SYSTEM OPAC: PALS TELNET: pals.msus.edu LOGON: None Type set host tds LOGOFF: Type $$SOFF UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA, DULUTH OPAC: UNICORN TELNET: lib.d.umn.edu LOGON: Login: type libpub LOGOFF: From main menu UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA, TWIN CITIES OPAC: NOTIS TELNET: lumina.lib.umn.edu or 128.101.92.3 LOGON: Terminal: VT100 Type PA Select LUMINA (1) LOGOFF: Type XQ then XQ again SC: Givens Collection of Afro-American Literature SC: Arthur Conan Doyle; Modern Greek Collection SC: Henry Miller; James Wright; John Berryman, Thomas Wolfe SC: Children's Literature Research Collection; Bieler Press SC: Dahllof Collection of Swedish Americana SC: History of Exploration; History of Information Processing WASHINGTON COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY OPAC: DYNIX TELNET: wcm.washington.lib.mn.us or 198.174.55.10 LOGON: Login: type library LOGOFF: From main menu EXPLORING THE NETS -- TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES The sheer quantity and variety of information available on the Internet can overwhelm both newcomers and seasoned network explorers. As new links are connected, new databases established, and new uses found for the network resources, the task of finding what you need or want becomes more complex. Navigating the networks in search of useful material can be either a frustrating or exhilarating task, but several innovative mechanisms exist to help deal with the Internet version of information overload. Gopher Gopher is a distributed document delivery service using a client-server model to make it easy for users to search for and retrieve materials from remote sites. Gopher employs a hierarchical outline to make browsing and searching local and remote sources of information quick and uncomplicated. Once connected to a Gopher server you can connect to other information servers without being bothered by most of the details of Telnet or FTP protocols and addresses. Gopher software is available via anonymous FTP from boombox.micro.umn.edu. The Gopher Advantage 1. Connect to other services: bulletin boards, library catalogs, and other gophers around the world. 2. Search databases, file archives, gopher menus, online directories and phone books. 3. Retrieve, view, mail or save documents and files. 4. Tranfer text and binary files. The Main Gopher Menu One of the best gopher servers is run by the Library of Congress. Each menu item on the main menu leads to other menus, some of which lead to yet other menus. Some sub-menus items offer text files for viewing or saving; others connect to bulletin boards or library catalogs. Library of Congress Marvel 1. About LC MARVEL (Please Read First)/ 2. Library of Congress: Facilities, Activities, and Services/ 3. Research and Reference/ 4. Library of Congress Online Systems/ 5. The U.S. Congress/ 6. Federal Government Information/ 7. Services to Libraries and Publishers/ 8. Copyright/ 9. Employee Information/ 10. The Global Electronic Library (by Subject)/ 11. Internet Resources/ 12. What's New on LC MARVEL/ 13. Search LC MARVEL Menus/ As with most well-organized gophers, Marvel lists items on the main menu in the order of importance to the mission of the organization rather than in alphabetical order. General purpose search tools are listed last. Gopher servers are public faces that organizations present to the world and require as much thought and attention as organizations give to other public information services. Connecting to Gopher If you have an Internet account at an organization that has installed a gopher client, just type "gopher." Otherwise you can connect to the gopher at the University of Minnesota: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA GOPHER Local dialup (612) 626-2400 Telnet: consultant.micro.umn.edu Access> Type consultant.micro.umn.edu Logon: Type gopher Logon: Type gopher Terminal: VT100 Terminal: VT100 Logoff: Type Q Logoff: Type Q then type EXIT If the University of Minnesota server is busy or just to see other ways to organize Gopher servers, try one of the following: LIBRARY OF CONGRESS UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SANTA CRUZ Gopher marvel.loc.gov 70 or Gopher gopher.ucsc.edu 70 or Telnet marvel.loc.gov Telnet infoslug.ucsc.edu Logon: type marvel Logon: type infoslug Searching Gopherspace with Veronica Although it is fairly easy to move from menu to menu on one or more Gophers, the hierarchical menu system isn't much help when you want to find a topic on another Gopher server quickly. The Veronica program collects menu entries from hundreds of Gophers into a searchable database. Veronica searches can be simple keyword or complex Boolean searches. The results of a Veronica search are presented in the familiar gopher menu format. Veronica searches: Searches may use simple keywords: weather Use Boolean operators: weather and minnesota weather not minnesota Use Wildcards: librar* librar* and copyright Veronica searches are limited to retrieving a maximum of 200 hits unless the following command is added to the search: m- It is important to remember that the Veronica database is based on menu titles that were not necessarily created by librarians or indexers. Many of the items are collected from sub-menus and the titles aren't particularly informative. The Veronica servers are heavily used and may not be available just when you need them, that's why there are usually several different servers available at a given time. Bookmarks: Designing your own Gopher menu Gopher clients allow users to create their own Gopher bookmark menu by moving to a menu item and hitting the "a" key. The item will be added to a list of bookmarks that can be viewed at any time by hitting the "v" key. Bookmarks enable one to skip going from menu to menu to menu to reach the exact item one wants to view. Bookmark example: Bookmarks 1. Search Gopher Titles at the University of Minnesota 2. Search gopherspace at University of Cologne 3. Search Gopherspace using Veronica/ 4. All the Gopher Servers in the World/ 5. InterNIC: Internet Network Information Center/ 6. Library of Congress Marvel Gopher/ 7. United States Government Gophers/ 8. Electronic Journal collection from CICnet/ 9. Hytelnet library catalogs (word search) 10. List of Lists 11. RTFM - rtfm.mit.edu anon ftp archive of FAQs/ This example emphasizes tools and menus that make it easy to navigate gopher-space. The duplication of Veronica/Jughead servers was to make sure that a working server could be reached when needed. Gopher bookmarks are stored in a file named: gopherrc. on VAX systems. It is a good idea to back-up favorite gopher bookmarks by typing: copy gopherrc. mygopher.txt. Note: Don't do this while your gopher client is running. If your list of bookmarks gets corrupted, you can restore the list by typing: copy mygopher.txt gopherrc. This technique can also be used to create and use a series of bookmark lists on VMS and perhaps other systems. Gopher and Internet demonstrations can be customized for specific audience by using a set of bookmarks related to the interests of that audience. Bookmarks are not available when you use telnet instead of a gopher client. WWW -- World Wide Web Like Gopher, World Wide Web is a distributed document delivery service using a client-server model to make it easy for users to search for and retrieve materials from remote sites. WWW uses hypertext to make browsing and searching local and remote sources of information quick and uncomplicated. Once connected to a WWW server you can connect to other information servers without being bothered by most of the details of Telnet or FTP protocols and addresses. WWW browsers, as the clients are called, are available for many platforms. Unlike Gopher, WWW integrates text, graphics, and sound as well as links to other resources on its pages. If Gopher menus resemble a collapsed outline, WWW pages contain the text that brings the outline to life. Web servers use a hypertext mark-up language (HTML) to produce visually appealing and easy to follow pages. (Graphic mage of Brunel University's Web goes here.) In the example above, Brunel University's Information Service provides links to other pages and services (underlined items) in an easy to read format. The Web advantage is the ability to flesh out a simple outline of resources with text and multimedia as well as embedded links to other resources. Uniform Resource Locators World Wide Web has led the way in the use of standardized identification of network resources by integrating URLs into Web pages. Uniform Resource Locators identify the type and location of network and local resources. In the figure above Brunel's URL is http://http1.brunel.ac.uk:8000/ indicating the type of service and the protocol and address needed to reach the service. URLs come in the following flavors: WWW site http://www/site:port/directory/file.html http://nearnet.gnn.com/GNN-ORA.html Gopher menu gopher://gopher.site.edu/:port/ gopher://marvel.loc.gov/:70/ Telnet host telnet://site telnet://database.carl.org/ FTP archive ftp://site/directory/ ftp://ftp.law.cornell.edu/pub/ Newsgroup news:alt.mything news:alt.bbs File file://site/directory/filename.txt file://localhost/mysub/mypage.html Connecting to the Web The best way to connect to the WWW is with your own browser; check to see if your site has one installed. The LYNX browser for VT100 sites is available via anonymous FTP from ftp2.cc.ukans.edu in the pub/lynx directory. If you don't have a browser, try one of the following services to find out how the Web works. Server Telnet Address Login CERN (home of the WWW) info.cern.ch none University of Kansas (LYNX) ukanaix.cc.ukans.edu www Cornell Law School fatty.law.cornell.edu www Here are a few WWW pages worth checking out: Dr. Fun (needs graphic interface) http://sunsite.unc.edu/Dave/drfun.html Legal Information Institute http://www.law.cornell.edu/ Map Viewer - XeroxParc http://pubweb.parc.xerox.com:80/map Maricopa Center for Learning & Instruction http://hakatai.mcli.dist.maricopa.edu/ Museum of Paleontology http://ucmp1.berkeley.edu/welcome.html Novell, Inc. http://www.novell.com:80/ Special Exhibits - University of Texas, Austin - Library http://www.lib.utexas/Exhibits.html The Global Network Navigator http://nearnet.gnn.com/gnn/GNNhome.html The Whole Internet Catalog http://nearnet.gnn.com/gnn/wic/newrescat.toc.html The Virtual Hospital http://vh.radiology.uiowa.edu/ Tolkein Resources http://gopher.usask.ca/~friesend/tolkien/rootpage.html Wired Magazine http://wired.com/ World Wide Web Worm http://www.cs.colorado.edu/home/mcbryan/WWWW.html WAIS -- Wide Area Information Server WAIS is another distributed document delivery service using a client-server model. Like Gopher and World Wide Web it makes it easier for users to find, search, and retrieve documents from remote sites. It is widely used by both gopher and WWW servers to provide searchable indexes to document collections and databases. WAIS (Wide Area Information Server) helps users search multiple Internet sites at one time. Over 500 databases are searchable from the WAIS operated by Thinking Machines (the source of the original software). WAIS searches are fast and the results can be scanned online or mailed to your network address. There is a limit to the number of "hits" that WAIS reports, but each is assigned a relevancy score that can be useful in choosing which sources to examine. Note that not all WAIS databases are really comprehensive, many are still experimental and incomplete. While WAIS is easy to use, read the help file. WAIS - WIDE AREA INFORMATION SERVER Telnet quake.think.com or 192.31.181.1 Logon: type wais CNIDR's freeWAIS provides a significant improvement to the original software by supporting both wildcard and Boolean searches that were lacking in the original software. Gateway Programs There are programs that serve as gateways to internet resources that can be reached by logging into a remote computer via the TELNET protocol. Most of these began as attempts to make the connection to remote library systems easier for local users. As a more varied group of network resources became available, these gateway programs grew to include access to bulletin boards, databases of all sorts, online games (for example, GO and Chess), and more. Two of the most useful gateway programs are: HYTELNET produced by Peter Scott and Earl Fogel at the University of Saskatchewan and LIBS.COM by Mark Resner at Sonoma State University. While these programs can be run from individual accounts, it makes more sense to make these programs available to all users on a system. These programs are available for both Unix and VMS systems. Both programs are made available to remote users for demonstration via the connections below. If you intend to use these programs regularly, obtain copies of them for your own account or encourage your computer center gurus to make them available on your local system. HYTELNET Available via anonymous FTP from TELNET access.usask.ca or ftp.access.usask.ca in the TELNET 128.233.3.1 pub/hytelnet directory LOGON: Login: type hytelnet LOGOFF: Type q Note: Automatic remote connection is not available with the demo account LIBS.COM Available via anonymous FTP from TELNET vax.sonoma.edu or sonoma.edu in the pub directory TELNET 130.157.2.3 LOGON: Username: type OPAC LOGOFF: Select Exit from main menu Updates to the HYTELNET program are posted regularly on the moderated HYTEL-L list. Subscribe to the list by sending request to listserv@kentvm.bitnet. This list is probably the best way to keep current on new TELNET services available on the Internet even if you don't use the software. INTERNET BULLETIN BOARDS Many BBS systems exist on the Internet and are accessible via Telnet. They vary greatly in functionality and amount of usage. Please keep in mind that BBSs go up and down quite often so this list may be soon obsolete. The following list includes some of the best Internet BBSs. Campus-Wide Information Systems Most campus-wide information systems (CWIS) serve the needs of the local campus community, but a few offer valuable services that may interest a wider audience. Many of these services can be reached via Gopher, Libs.Com, or Hytelnet. COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY Gopher gopher.cc.columbia.edu 70 or Telnet columbianet.columbia.edu or 128.59.40.54 RUTGERS UNIVERSITY WWW http:/www.rutgers.edu/ or Telnet info.rutgers.edu or 128.6.26.25 A few outstanding systems AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY Gopher E-MATH.AMS.COM 70 or Telnet E-MATH.AMS.COM or 130.44.1.100 Logon: e-math Password: e-math Note: integrated BBS, gopher, and wais system BULLETIN BOARD FOR LIBRARIES - BUBL Gopher bubl.bath.ac.uk 7070 or Telnet bubl.bath.ac.uk Logon: bubl HNSOURCE: CENTRAL INFORMATION SERVER FOR HISTORIANS Telnet hnsource.cc.ukans.edu or 129.237.33.1 Login: type history HUMBUL BBS (HUMANITIES COMMUNICATION) Telnet gandalf.ox.ac.uk Which service: type PAD PAD> type CALL HUMBUL UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA (OUBBS) Telnet oubbs.telecom.uoknor.edu UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA Gopher sunsite.unc.edu 70 or Telnet sunsite.unc.edu Login: type gopher, lynx, swais, or ftp Government Information Systems Federal ECONOMIC BULLETIN BOARD Via University of Michigan gopher una.hh.lib.umich.edu 70 FDA BBS Telnet fdabbs.fda.gov or 150.148.8.48 Login: bbs FEDIX/MOLIS Gopher fedix.fie.com 70 or Telnet fedix.fie.com or 192.111.228.33 Login: type new FEDWORLD BBS Telnet fedworld.doc.gov or 192.239.92.201 Note: Gateway to most Federal BBSs including those not on the Internet LEGI-SLATE GOPHER Gopher mudhoney.micro.umn.edu 7000 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS - MARVEL Gopher marvel.loc.gov 70 or Telnet marvel.loc.gov Login: type marvel US HOUSE GOPHER Gopher gopher.house.gov 70 US SENATE GOPHER Gopher ftp.senate.gov 70 USDA Gopher usda.mannlib.cornell.edu 70 or FTP usda.mannlib.cornell.edu or Telnet usda.mannlib.cornell.edu Userid: type usda US DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Gopher gopher.ed.gov 70 VOICE OF AMERICA AND WORLDNET TELEVISION Gopher gopher.voa.gov 70 State ACCESS: LEGISLATIVE INFORMATION SERVICE Hawaii State Legislature Telnet access.uhcc.hawaii.edu or 128.171.7.167 CALIFORNIA STATE LEGISLATIVE INFORMATION Gopher sen.ca.gov 70 ELECTRIC IDEAS CLEARINGHOUSE BBS Telnet eicbbs.wseo.wa.gov or 192.152.10.212 Login: new HAWAII FYI Telnet fyi.uhcc.hawaii.edu or 128.171.7.168 MINNESOTA HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Gopher gopher.revisor.leg.state.mn.us WINDOW ON STATE GOVERNMENT (TX) Telnet window.texas.gov or 192.198.66.186 Login: type new Other C-SPAN Gopher c-span.org 70 EGIS: ELECTRONIC GOVERNMENT INFORMATION SERVICE Gopher eryx.syr.edu 70 Education Bulletin Boards And Networks ASK ERIC GOPHER Gopher ericir.syr.edu 70 or Telnet ericir.syr.edu Login: type gopher or www BBS'S NATIONAL SCHOOL NETWORK TESTBED Gopher copernicus.bbn.com 70 CANADA'S SCHOOLNET Gopher ernest.ccs.carleton.ca 419 CAPPNET: CALIFORNIA ACADEMIC PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM Telnet nis.calstate.edu or 130.150.102.39 Login: type capp Password: hit return Terminal: VT100 COLUMBIA ONLINE INFORMATION NETWORK Telnet bigcat.missouri.edu or 128.206.1.3 Login: type guest CONSORTIUM FOR SCHOOL NETWORKING Gopher digital.cosn.org 70 DISTANCE EDUCATION DATABASE Telnet acsvax.open.ac.uk or 137.108.48.24 Username: type ICDL Account code: type country name as one word Password: type aaa ED-NET COMPASS Telnet eosc.osshe.edu Login: type guest EMPIRE INTERNET SCHOOLHOUSE Telnet nysernet.org or 192.77.173.2 Login: type empire IDEANET: INDIANA DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Telnet ideanet.doe.state.in.us or 165.139.1.1 Login: type visitor INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION BULLETIN BOARD Telnet nis.calstate.edu or 130.150.102.39 Login: type intl Terminal: VT100 INFORMNS - INTERNET FOR MINNESOTA SCHOOLS Gopher informns.k12.mn.us 70 KIDLINK GOPHER Gopher kids.duq.edu 70 KQED LEARNING LINK Telnet sierra.fwl.edu or 198.49.161.2 Login: type newuser Password: type newuser LEARNING VILLAGE - CLEVELAND Telnet nptn.org Login: type visitor NANAIMO SCHOOLSNET Telnet crc.sd68.nanaimo.bc.ca or 134.87.120.1 Logon: type guest NASA SPACELINK Telnet spacelink.msfc.nasa.gov or 128.158.13.250 Username: type NEWUSER Password: type NEWUSER NASA's database for teachers RALPH BUNCHE SCHOOL Gopher ralphbunche.rbs.edu SENDIT - NORTH DAKOTA'S K-12 NETWORK Telnet sendit.nodak.edu or 134.129.105.1 Login: type bbs Password: type sendit2me TALAWANDA LEARNING COMMUNITY NETWORK Telnet ticnet.aps.muohio.edu or 134.53.3.240 Login: type visitor TEACHER EDUCATION INTERNET SERVER Gopher curry.edschool.virginia.edu 70 or Telnet curry.edschool.virginia.edu Login: type interact or gopher TEACHER*PAGES (PA) Telnet psupen.psu.edu or 128.118.36.4 Username: type state abbreviation or world UMASS K12 Gopher k12.ucs.umass.edu 70 Telnet k12.ucs.umass.edu or 128.119.175.2 Login: type guest US DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Gopher gopher.ed.gov 70 VIRGINIA'S PUBLIC EDUCATION NETWORK Telnet vdoe386.vak12ed.edu (141.104.22.102) Login: type guest Password: type guest Community Computing Systems Internet also provides a gateway to a number of community based computing systems that offer e-mail, library access, special interest group forums, full-text databases, etc. AKRON FREE-NET Gopher uhura.neoucom.edu 70 BIG SKY TELEGRAPH Telnet bigsky.bigsky.dillon.mt.us or 192.231.192.1 Login: type bbs BLACKSBURG VIRGINIA ELECTRONIC VILLAGE Gopher morse.cns.vt.edu 70 BUFFALO FREENET Telnet freenet.buffalo.edu or 128.205.3.99 Login: type freeport CAPACCESS (WASHINGTON, D.C.) Telnet cap.gwu.edu or 128.164.140.32 Login: type guest Password : type visitor CIAO! FREE-NET (CANADA) Telnet ciao.trail.bc.ca or 142.231.5.1 Login: type guest CLEVELAND FREE-NET Telnet freenet-in-a.cwru.edu or 129.22.8.32 Login: type visitor DAYTON FREE-NET Telnet dayton.wright.edu or 130.108.128.174 Login: visitor DENVER FREE-NET Telnet freenet.hsc.colorado.edu or 140.226.1.8 Login: type guest FREE-NET ERLANEN-NUERNBERG (GERMANY) Telnet freenet-a.fim.uni-erlangen.de or 131.188.192.11 Login: gast FREENET FINLAND (FINLAND) Telnet freenet.hut.fi or 130.233.200.40 Login: visitor Password: hit return HEARTLAND FREE-NET Telnet heartland.bradley.edu or 136.176.5.114 Login: type bbguest HURON VALLEY FREE-NET GOPHER (MI) Gopher mpcc.org 70 Telnet www.mpcc.org or 141.211.210.152 Login: type visitor LORAIN COUNTY FREE-NET Telnet freenet.lorain.oberlin.edu or 132.162.32.99 Login: type guest MILWAUKEE FREE-NET Telnet freenet.uwm.edu or 129.89.70.58 Login: visitor NATIONAL CAPITOL FREE-NET (CANADA) Telnet freenet.carleton.ca or 134.117.1.12 Login: type guest PRAIRIENET, EAST-CENTRAL ILLINOIS FREE-NET Telnet firefly.prairienet.org or 192.17.3.3 Login: type visitor RIO GRANDE FREE-NET (TX0 Telnet rgfn.epcc.edu or 192.94.29.9 Login: type visitor TALLAHASSEE FREE-NET Telnet freenet.fsu.edu or 144.174.128.43 Login: type visitor THUNDER BAY FREENET Gopher freenet.lakeheadu.ca 70 TOLEDO FREE-NET Telnet fnet.cc.utoledo.edu or 131.183.6.100 Login: type visitor Password: type visitor TRAVERSE CITY FREE-NET (MI) Telnet leo.nmc.edu or 192.88.242.239 Login: type visitor TRI-STATE FREE-NET Telnet tso.uc.edu or 129.137.100.10 Login: type visitor VAASA FREEPORT BBS (FINLAND) Telnet freeport.uwasa.fi or 128.214.87.1) Login: type guest VICTORIA FREE-NET (CANADA) Telnet freenet.victoria.bc.ca or 134.87.16.100 Login: type visitor or guest YOUNGSTOWN FREE-NET Telnet yfn2.ysu.edu or 192.55.234.50 Login: type visitor SELECTED DATABASES There are hundreds of databases available on the internet. Some are just collections of ASCII files that can be easily searched via Gopher or WAIS, others are available as adjuncts to online library catalogs or campus-wide information services, other are full-text archives that are maintained by government and research institutions. The following list is just a sample of the specialized databases available. ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION NETWORK Telnet caticsuf.cati.csufresno.edu or 129.8.100.15 Type PUBLIC Gateway to California Supernet Agriculture and Export Info System C.A.I.R.S.S FOR MUSIC Telnet runner.utsa.edu Login: type imr CARL DATABASE GATEWAY Telnet database.carl.org or 192.54.81.76 Terminal: VT100 CLEMSON UNIVERSITY FORESTRY AND AGRICULTURAL NETWORK (CUFAN) Telnet prism.clemson.edu or 130.127.8.3 Login: public Terminal: VT100 (Hit PF2 or F2 to get list of commands) Contains information on: Weather, agricultural and home economics, plants and animals, engineering, nutrition and health DARTMOUTH DANTE PROJECT Telnet lib.dartmouth.edu or 129.170.16.11 Type connect dante Terminal: VT100 Database contains 600 years of commentary on Dante's Divine Comedy INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH IN SOCIAL SCIENCE TN3270 uncvm1.oit.unc.edu or 152.2.21.5 Username: type IRSS1 Password: type IRSS IRSS Data Holdings Catalog, IRSS Public Opinion Item Index, North Carolina Information System, strong public opinion database holdings PENNSYLVANIA STATE - PENPAGES Telnet psupen.psu.edu or 128.118.36.5 User: type state abbreviation or world SHOPPING ON THE NET The Mall of America has nothing to fear from the net -- yet! As multimedia interfaces to the net improve, it is likely that shopping opportunities will increase. Network users should avoid sending credit card information via e-mail and use the phone or postal service for placing orders or establishing accounts. The best guide to shopping on the net is Dave Taylor's "The Internet Mall: Shopping on the Information Highway." Finger taylor@netcom.com for information on how to obtain this list. Here are a few of the bookstores that maintain a presence on the Internet: BOOKSTACKS UNLIMITED Telnet books.com LIBRARIAN'S YELLOW PAGES Telnet database.carl.org or 192.54.81.76 MARKETBASE GOPHER Gopher mb.com 70 Telnet mb.com Login: type mb QUANTUM BOOKS Gopher world.std.com 70 ROSWELL ELECTRONIC COMPUTER BOOKSTORE Gopher owl.nstn.ns.ca 70 STANFORD UNIVERSITY BOOKSTORE CATALOG Gopher lindy.stanford.edu 2270 Select General Information then Bookstore or Telnet forsythetn.stanford.edu or 34.54.0.12 Login: type socrates Terminal: VT100 Type Select and page through options until you locate the bookstore listing Select option # for bookstore Outstanding searchable bookstore catalog. Although you cannot order books via Internet, you can call the bookstore during normal business hours and place an order. Order desk (800) 533- 2670; fax (415) 322-1936 UNITED TECHBOOK CO. Telnet utcbooks.com Login: type utc Password: type utc UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO BOOKSTORE Telnet ucsdbkst.ucsd.edu Login: type utl Login 2: type bookstore UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO BOOKSTORE Telnet bg1.uwaterloo.ca Login: type booklook USENET NEWSGROUPS One of the most controversial aspects of the net is access to Usenet newsgroups. Of the thousands of newsgroups there are a handful (okay a big handful) of groups that border on the obscene. Many more are simply distasteful. Because of this newsgroups are often censored on University campuses by restricting access to specific groups or whole categories of groups. In the United States during television rating "sweep's week" tawdry Usenet groups vie with porno bulletin boards as titillating "news" on local stations. They are not "news" nor do they reflect what is happening on the net or BBSs. Newsgroups can be important sources of up-to-date information and wonderful rumors. Since most groups allow the free flow of messages, the number of rantings, flames, and pet peeves runs high. Anyone who has read any newsgroup for a while has seen the "Make Money Fast" chainletter scam, warnings of approaching doom, and other way-off-topic messages. One nice feature of Usenet newsgroups is that you can subscribe to a group without filling up your mailbox. The reader gives you access to a centrally stored set of messages that usually keeps a few days or a few hundred messages for each newsgroup. Usenet News requires use of a mail reader that is different from the mail program that is used for e-mail and listserv messages. The biggest challenge confronting a new user is figuring out how the reader works and selecting newsgroups to read regularly. The easiest thing to do is to deselect all newsgroups and then add a few at a time when you have the leisure to find them. Check with your local computer center for how to obtain access to Usenet. For lurkers only: if you just want to read a few newsgroups, check to see if you can access them from your local gopher. Even if your local gopher doesn't offer Usenet News, you can do a Veronica search to locate other sites that do. Note: Not all sites allow off-campus or 24 hour access. Get the FAQs Even if you don't have direct access to Usenet, you might find the collection FAQs in the news.answers archive of interest. The FAQs or Frequently Asked Questions files are updated regularly and cover a wide range of topics. They are useful pointers to not only electronic resources but also a fairly reliable source of answers that have been tested by real users. Start by getting a copy of the ftplist and the usenet-faq or primer via anonymous FTP. FTP rtfm.mit.edu or ftp 18.70.0.226 Type login anonymous Type your e-mail address or guest Type cd pub/usenet/news.answers FAQs are also available via e-mail. Send an e-mail message with the words "help" and "index" on separate lines to mail- server@rtfm.mit.edu to get the necessary details. Many FAQs are also available via a Veronica search of gopher space. Unfortunately, some gopher maintainers don't update their collection of FAQs on a regular basis. A recent sampling of new and updated FAQs found: A Biologist's Guide to Internet Resources FAQ: Audio File Formats FAQ: Typing Injuries Fractal FAQ Hungarian Electronic Resources misc.books.technical FAQ Rec.Bicycles FAQ rec.photo FAQ and Answers Robin Hood Booklist (rec.arts.books) So You Want To Be A UNIX Wizard? Sources of Meteorological Data Note: Many of the FAQs are rather lengthy files, so be sure that you have the space for them on your local account. Netnews Filtering Server One of the most intriguing and potentially useful services on the Internet is Stanford's Netnews Filtering Server that links Usenet news articles, Wais full-text indexing, and listserv-type delivery. The service responds to user selected profiles that include search term(s), threshold scores, and length of subscription. Depending on the profile, the service will send a single message containing a batch of Usenet articles related to the topic either daily or weekly. The news articles contain only the first 15 lines of text, just enough to decide whether or not a particular article is worth retrieving from the service. The service only indexes and retrieves the most recent Usenet articles. The service uses the original Wais software which does not support Boolean or wildcard searches. The default threshold score is set at 60 which may be too low to filter-out off-topic material. Search terms must be chosen with care in order to exclude off-topic material. For example, searches for the library would retrieve items about program libraries as well as traditional libraries. To obtain a copy of the documentation send the following message to netnews@db.stanford.edu: help. To try the service send the following message to the same address: search online service. Within minutes you will receive a summary of the day's Usenet messages related to the topic. Full-text of specific articles can be retrieved by sending a message to the same address: get article such-and-such. For folks without easy access to Usenet newsgroups, Stanford's Netnews Filtering Server offers a convenient way to read news articles related to their own specific interests. For researchers, the service offers a chance to try a type of selective dissemination of information that may be as essential in the future as access to online library catalogs and databases. WHAT TO DO NEXT Keeping Up With The Internet It seems that every couple of weeks a new service is announced with the stated purpose of tracking Internet resources. Some specialize while others try to cover everything. All present grand opportunities for forward-itis, a well-known disease of special interest lists. If you want to keep-up without being overwhelmed, subscribe to the following lists. For regular updates about new Internet services and online catalogs, subscribe to HYTEL-L. This list distributes updates and new additions to Peter Scott's Hytelnet system. It is the best single source for information about new telnet connections on the Internet. Send your subscription to listserv@kentvm.bitnet. For just about everything else, subscribe to Net-Happenings - Gleason Sackman's gleanings from a variety of lists and information services. Send your subscription requests to listserv@is.internic.net. The Top Ten List for Internet Novices Following the David Letterman tradition, here is a list of the top ten things to do once connected to the Internet. 10. Browse one of the online bookstores for new Internet books. A new one is issued every ten minutes. 9. If you live in the north country, be thankful for ice and snow and that you don't live in an earthquake zone. Finger quake@geophys.washington.edu. 8. Vax users: create a LOGIN.COM file to make life easier and set mail_dir [.mail]. 7. Send mail to a friend. If really desperate, send mail to yourself or the White House. Don't expect a prompt, personal response from president@whitehouse.gov. 6. Try the Infoslug Gopher. Telnet to infoslug.ucsc.edu and login as infoslug. If you have a gopher client, use it to connect to gopher.ucsc.edu 70. Set a bookmark or two if using a gopher client. 5. Get lost in the "web." Telnet to ukanaix.cc.ukans.edu and login as www. Use the Go command to visit the library of the University of Texas. The URL is http://www.library.utexas.edu/. If you have a Mosaic or Cello browser, the library has some great online exhibits. 4. Sample Usenet newsgroup messages via the Netnews Filtering Server. Send the following message to netnews@db.stanford.edu: search online services or a topic of your own choosing. Perhaps you ought to send a message with just the word "help" first to get a guide to using the service. 3. Search the global List of Lists for your favorite topic. Send the following message to listserv@bitnic.bitnet: list global/my_favorite_topic. 2. Check out public library services on the net. Gopher or telnet to library.cpl.org. 1. Subscribe to the newsletter that updates this guide. Send the following message to listserv@vm1.nodak.edu: sub nnews your name. GLOSSARY ADDRESS: An assigned number that identifies a host in an internet. It has two or three parts: network number, optional subnet number, and host number. Both numeric and alphabetic versions are available. For example, one of the Library of Congress addresses is loc.seq1.gov. ARCHIE: A tool used to search hundreds of file archives on the Internet. BROWSER: A client for World Wide Web. CLIENT/SERVER: Software that can operate on multi-platforms or multiple machines. For example, Gopher servers and clients can run on VAX, UNIX, MAC or DOS machines and take advantage of the special characteristics of each platform. MAC users connected to a UNIX gopher server would have a GUI (graphical user interface -- complete with icons and folders), while UNIX clients connected to a MAC server would see a plain ASCII menu. FINGER: Tool for checking user-ids or addresses. FLAME: To insult another person via e-mail -- often on a public special interest list. FTP: File Transfer Protocol: The standard Internet protocol for transferring files from one computer to another. GOPHER: Distributed document delivery tool and internet navigator created by a team at the University of Minnesota. HYPERTEXT: Text that contains internal and external links or pointers to other text or services. HTML: Hypertext Markup Language is used to mark-up World Wide Web pages. INTERNET: The global collection of interconnected regional networks using the Internet Protocol (IP). INTERNIC: InterNIC Network Information Center maintains databases of network services and e-mail connections. LISTS: E-mail linked special interest groups on Internet. Some lists are moderated; others feature free-wheeling conversations and controversy. NSLOOKUP: Tool for looking up alphabetic or numeric equivalents of network addresses. NETFIND: A tool for finding e-mail addresses. OPAC: An online library catalog (Online Public Access Catalog) PROTOCOL: Rules two computers follow in order to exchange data. SLIP: Serial Line Internet Protocol establishes a network connection via a modem. TELNET: The Internet standard protocol for connecting to a remote service. Telnet allows a user at one site to interact with a system at another site as if the user's terminal was connected directly to the remote computer. URL: Uniform Resource Locators are used to identify network resources. They are used extensively by World Wide Web browsers. USENET: A worldwide network of newsgroups (special interest groups) not on the internet but often available via networked computers. A selection of these newsgroups may be found on various gopher servers. VERONICA: A tool for searching gopher-space, indexes menu titles, provides keyword searching. (Very Easy Rodent-Oriented Net-Wide Index to Computerized Archives) WAIS: A distributed document search and delivery tool. Items found can be viewed online or mailed to user. (Wide Area Information Service) WWW: World Wide Web -- a hypertext document and network navigation tool. BIBLIOGRAPHY The following list includes a selection of useful works related to the Internet; it is not intended to be comprehensive. Note: Not all the materials mentioned in this section are kept up-to- date. Be sure to check file or archive dates before concluding that you have found the latest information. General Interest "America's information highway: A hitch-hikers guide." Economist, v.329, n.7843 (December 25, 1993/ January 7, 1994): 35-58. Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science, v.12, n.2 (February 1994). Special issue on Civic Networking. Copyright FAQ. Available via anonymous FTP from rtfm.mit.edu in pub/usenet/news.answers/law directory. Grundner, Dr. Tom. "Whose Internet is it anyway? -- A Challenge." Online V. 15, N. 4: 6-7,10. Morin, R. "Text archives." UNIX Review, v.12, n.2 (February 1994): 91-92. Quarterman, John S. "What can business get out of the Internet?" Computerworld, Feb. 22, 1993: 81-83. Polly, Jean Armour. "Surfing the Internet." Version 2.0. Available via anonymous FTP from nysernet.org in the pub/guides directory. Postman, Neil. Informing ourselves to death. IN SCIT Digest 1.18. Available from listserv@qucdn.bitnet. Scientific American - Special Issue on Communication, Computers and Networks. September 1991. Stanton, Deidre E. "Using Networked Information Resources: a Bibliography". Western Australia, 1992. Available for anonymous ftp from infolib.murdoch.edu.au in the pub/bib directory. Stewart, Thomas A. "The Netplex." Fortune, March 7, 1994, 98-104 Stix, Gary. "Domesticating Cyberspace." Scientific American, v. 269, n.2 (August 1993): 100-110. Stoll, Clifford. The Cuckoo's Egg: Tracking a Spy through the Maze of Computer Espionage. NY: Doubleday, 1989. Must read! Tenopir, Carol. "Ten loose guidelines for online searchers." Online v. 17, n.2 (March 1993): 27-33 Tetzeli, Rick. "The Internet and Your Business." Fortune, March 7, 1994, 86-96. Guides and Directories December, John. Information Sources: the Internet and Computer- mediated Communication. Available via anonymous FTP from ftp.rpi.edu in the pub/communications/internet-cmc directory. Hahn, Harley. The Internet Complete Reference. Osborne-McGraw- Hill, 1993. Krol, E. The Whole Internet: User's Guide & Catalog. Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly and Associates, 1992. Kovacs, Diane, editor. Directory of Scholarly Electronic Conferences.8th revision. Available via anonymous FTP from ksuvxa.kent.edu in library directory. "Lists of Lists." Very large electronic file available: Send e- mail to listserv@bitnic.bitnet with message: List Global. Strangelove, Michael (compiler). Directory of Electronic Journals and Newsletters. Electronic file available: send e-mail to listserv@uottawa.bitnet with "get Ejournl1 Directry" and "get Ejournl2 Directry" as message. Also available in print from Association of Research Libraries. Tuss, Joan. "Easy Online Access to Internet Guides." Online v.17, n.5 (September 1993): 60-64. Tuss, Joan. "Roadmaps to the Internet: Finding the best guidebook for your needs." Online v.18, n.1 (January 1994): 14- 26. Yanoff, Scott. . "Inter-Network Mail Guide." Available via anonymous FTP from csd4.csd.uwm.edu in the /pub directory. Yanoff, Scott. Special Internet Connections. Finger yanoff@csd4.csd.uwm.edu for information on how to obtain this list. Internet Navigation Tools Bontell, Thomas. "FAQ on World Wide Web." Available via anonymous FTP from rtfm.mit.edu in pub/usenet/news.answers/www directory. "Exploring the Power of the Internet Gopher." Available via anonymous FTP from ftp.cso.uiuc.edu in the doc/net/uiucnet directory as vol6no1.txt. Hallman, Judy. List of Public CWIS Services. Available via anonymous FTP from sunsite.unc.edu in the pub/docs/about_the- net/cwis directory. Levin, Jayne. "Using the right tools to easily surf the Internet." Infoworld, v.15, n.38 (September 20, 1993): 60. McCahill, Mark P. "On the trail of the Internet Gopher." Telecommunication, v.27, n.4 (April 1993): 33. Notess, Greg R. "E-mail lists as databases." Database v. 16, n. 2 (April 1993): 106-108. Notess, Greg R. "The low-end power user: Using the Internet via a dial-up account." Online v.17, n.6 (November 1993): 87-89. Notess, Greg R. "Usenet: Taming the e-mail flood." Online v.17, n.4 (July 1993): 86-88. Notess, Greg R. "Using Gophers to burrow through the Internet." Online, v.17, n.3 (May 1993): 100-102. Scott, Peter. "HYTELNET as Software for Accessing the Internet: A Personal Perspective on the Development of HYTELNET." Electronic Networking (Spring 1992):38-44. Simmonds, Curtis. "Searching Internet Archive Sites with archie: Why, What, Where and How." Online v.17, n.2 (March 1993): 50-55. Library Related Guides Bailey, Charles W. Jr. Library Conferences. Available via anonymous FTP from hydra.uwo.ca in LIBSOFT directory. Barron, Bill. "UNT's Accessing On-line Bibliographic Databases." 1991-. Available via anonymous FTP from FTP ftp.unt.edu. Farley, Laine (editor). Library Resources on the Internet: Strategies for Selection and Use. ALA. August 1991. Available via anonymous FTP from ftp.unt.edu. Noonan, Dana. LIBCAT: A Guide to Internet Library Resources. Available via anonymous FTP from vm1.nodak.edu in the nnews directory. St. George, Art and Larsen, Ron. "Internet-Accessible Library Catalogs and Databases." University of New Mexico and University of Maryland, Albuquerque, NM, April 1991. Available via anonymous FTP from ariel.unm.edu. Subject Guides Check the Clearinghouse for Subject-Oriented Guides for a broad range of topical guides to Internet resources: Gopher una.hh.lib.umich.edu 70 FTP una.hh.lib.umich.edu in subdirectory inetdirsstacks WWW http://www.lib.umich.edu/chhome.html Brown, Jeanne. Internet Sources: Architecture and Building. From the Clearinghouse listed aabove. Ciolek, Dr. T. Matthew. Internet Voyager (a.k.a Electronic Voyager Guidebook) Social Scientist's Guidebook to AARNET/Internet Online Information Services. Available via anonymous FTP from coombs.anu.edu.au in coombspapers/coombswork/coombs-computing directory as internet- voyager.txt. Drew, Wilfred. Not Just Cows: A Guide to Internet/Bitnet Resources in Agriculture and Related Sciences. May 1992. Available via anonymous FTP from hydra.uwo.ca in LIBSOFT directory. FineArt Forum. Directory of Online Resources. Available via anonymous FTP from ftp.msstate.edu in pub/archives/fineart_online directory. Haas, Leslie M., editor. Business Sources on the Net. Available via anonymous FTP from ksuvxa.kent.edu in the library directory. Hancock, Lee. Bitnet/Internet Health Science Resource List. Available via anonymous FTP from ftp.sura.net in the pub/nic/ directory as medical-resources.xx.xx (xx.xx represents release date). Hirtle, Peter. Surfing the Internet for the History of Medicine. Available via anonymous FTP from beach.utmb.edu in the CADUCEUS/ directory as Hist_Med.Resources. Legal List. Available via anonymous FTP from ftp.midnight.com in the pub/LegalList directory. Makulowich, John S. The Journalism List. Available via anonymous FTP from ftp.clark.net in the pub/journalism directory. McGee, Arthur. Black/African/Development Related Information. Available via anonymous FTP from ftp.netcom.com in the /pub/amcgee/african/myafrican_related_lists directory. NCSA Education Group. Incomplete Guide to the Internet and Other Telecommunications Opportunities Especially for Teachers and Students K-12. July 1993. Available via anonymous FTP from zaphod.ncsa.uiuc.edu in the /Education_Resources directory. Smith, Prescott. An Educator's Guide to E-Mail Lists. Available via anonymous FTP from nic.umass.edu in pub/ednet directory as educators.lst. Strangelove, Michael. Electronic Mystic's Guide to the Internet. Available via anonymous FTP from panda1.uottawa.ca in the pub/religion directory. Taylor, Dave. "The Internet Mall: Shopping on the Information Highway." Finger taylor@netcom.com for information on how to obtain this list. APPENDIX A: MAKING THE INTERNET CONNECTION If you don't already have an Internet account or want to obtain another account for personal use, the best advice is to ask colleagues and friends about the best options available in your region. Local colleges, regional service providers, freenets, and commercial online services offer a variety of plans at different price levels. Even if you already have access to the net you might want an account that offers services not available in your area, such as usenet news, gopher servers, or slip access so that you can use gopher clients or www browsers from home. Types Of Accounts Full Internet access includes two basic types of service: E-mail based exchanges -- personal mail, special interest group lists, and electronic newsletters and journals; Remote logons to gopher, www, and wais, file archives, library catalogs, bulletin boards, and an ever-expanding list of databases. Partial Internet access usually means connecting to the net via e-mail. Few of the services offered via remote logon are available by e-mail at this point, but this may change in the future. Internet Access Providers In Minnesota Full Internet Access (e-mail, ftp, telnet, Usenet newsgroups) 612-342-2570 Minnesota Regional Network -- MRnet 612-624-2323 University of Minnesota Alumni Association ($30 membership + $70 per year) 612-626-1600 University of Minnesota Computer and Information Services offers individual and corporate accounts Out-of-state providers with local dial access: 800-695-4005 Delphi -- offers 5 hour free trial subscription 512-704-0160 HoloNet 617-739-0202 The World E-mail Only 800-227-6364 America Online - promises additional Internet features - offers 10 hour free trial subscription in USA 800-848-8199 Compuserve - also offers Knowledge Index (Dialog) Hot-tip: Many local bulletin boards offer free or low-cost Internet e-mail and Usenet access. Outside the metropolitan area options are limited, because public data network access is only available in Duluth, Mankato, Rochester, and St. Cloud. Connecting to most service providers requires a long distance call, but a few offer toll-free access: 800-488-4559 CLASS - for library organizations 800-876-2373 DIAL-N-CERF-USA 800-35-TIGER JVNC APPENDIX B: CREATING A PLAN FILE Warning: Not for the faint-hearted. A plan is a plain text file that contains whatever information a user wants to store in the file. Usually it is used for mundane purposes: listing telephone numbers, office hours, favorite quotations, etc. Scott Yanoff's Special Internet Connections list mentions several clever examples of user-generated plans making information available to the Net via finger. Finger is being used to provide up-to-date information on everything from earthquakes to sporting events. To set up a plan: 1. Create a plan file in your login or root directory. On some systems it is called .plan; on others plan.txt. Check with your system administrator. Note: Some systems do not allow outside access to .plan files. 2. Set permission for this file (and o others) to world read only. The command is: set prot=W:R .plan;* 3. You may have to set permission for your root directory to world read only. The command is: set prot=W:R diskname:[-]username.dir