






     Professional Power Cadd
     Computer Aided Design and Drafting
     Copyright (C) 1992 by Professional Power Cadd, Inc.

     ProCadd Operating Manual  Version 6.5.0w

     Please Address All Correspondence To:

     Professional Power Cadd Development Group
     Post Office Box 24967
     New Orleans, LA  70184-4967

     Voice and FAX :     (504) 394-9557
     BBS :               (504) 393-8664

     Voice lines are staffed Monday thru Friday 8AM - 5PM CDT
     BBS and FAX transmission will be received all hours.

     BBS support will be responded to by the end of the following 
     business day.  Personalized customer support as well as updates 
     and news will be posted for all registered users.  All responses 
     will be posted on the board.

     Registered users, please log on with your program Serial Number in 
     order to assign you proper access.

     For non-registered users, limited support as well as sales 
     information is available on the board.





















TABLE OF CONTENTS
-----------------

License Agreement   ........................................      9

1.0 Introduction   .........................................     12

2.0 System Requirements   ..................................     14 

    2.1 Minimum Requirements   .............................     14
    2.2 Recommended Hardware   .............................     14
    2.3 Hardware Notes   ...................................     14

3.0 Installation   .........................................     16

4.0 Getting Started - Quick Start   ........................     18

    4.1 Execution   ........................................     18
    4.2 Direct Execution   .................................     18
    4.3 Special Features   .................................     18

      4.31 On Line Help
      4.32 Shell to DOS
      4.33 Status Command
      4.34 Play Command
      4.35 Icon for Windows

    4.4 Program Notes   ....................................     19

5.0 Basic Concepts   .......................................     21

    5.1 Look and Feel of ProCadd   .........................     21
    5.2 Drawing and Drawing Area   .........................     22
    5.3 Elements and Entities   ............................     23
    5.4 Displayable Attributes   ...........................     23
    5.5 Active Drawing Files   .............................     23
    5.6 Input Devices   ....................................     24

6.0 Facilities   ...........................................     25

    6.1 Position Facilities   ..............................     25

      6.11 Picking A Point   ...............................     25

                 6.111 Keyboard 
                 6.112 Mouse or Light Pen




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      6.12 Picking A Point - Geometrically   ...............     27

                 6.121 Last Point
                 6.122 Grid On/Off
                 6.123 Align
                 6.124 Circle Center
                 6.125 Midpoint
                 6.126 Intersect
                 6.127 Direction and Distance
                 6.128 Ports
                 6.129 Hold

    6.2 Distance Facilities   ..............................     32

      6.21 Numeric Entry
      6.22 Point Location
      6.23 Geometric Interpretation

    6.3 Direction Facilities   .............................     33

      6.31 Numeric Entry
      6.32 Rose Selection
      6.33 Point Location
      6.34 Geometric Interpretation

    6.4 Metric Program Operation   .........................     34

7.0 Drawing Functions   ....................................     36

    7.1 Line Drawing Functions   ...........................     36

                 7.101 All Directions Parameter
                 7.102 Four Directions Limit Parameter
                 7.103 Eight Directions Limit Parameter
                 7.104 Isometric Line Limit Parameter
                 7.105 Tangent To Parameter

      7.11 Point to Point Defined Lines
      7.12 Slope and Point Defined Lines                               
      7.13 Chain Line Creation
      7.14 Modify Existing Lines Line
      7.15 Modify One End of Existing Lines
      7.16 Trim Existing Line
      7.17 Break Line Into Segments

    7.2 Rectangle Drawing Functions   ......................     40

      7.21 Point to Point Defined Rectangles


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      7.22 Center and Point Defined Rectangles
      7.23 Concentric Rectangles

    7.3 Circle Drawing Functions   .........................     42

    7.31 Circle   ..........................................     42

                 7.311 Center and Point Defined Circles 
                 7.312 Point and Center Circle Definition
                 7.313 Concentric Circles
                 7.314 Three Points Perimeter Defined Circles 
                 7.315 Radius, Point and Point Defined Circles
                 7.316 Tangent and Tangent Defined Circles

      7.32 Arc   ...........................................     46

                 7.321 Three points Defined Arcs
                 7.322 Radius, Point and Point Defined Arcs
                 7.323 Tangent and Tangent Defined Arcs

      7.33 Modify Existing Arcs   ..........................     48

    7.4 Window On The Drawing   ............................     48

      7.41 Set the Size of the Window Viewing Area
      7.42 Set the Boundaries of the Window Viewing Area
      7.43 Reload the Drawing
      7.44 Layer Control
      7.45 Window View Locator
 
                 7.451 Window View Locator Panning   .......     51

8.0 Drawing Utilities   ....................................     53

    8.1 Move Function   ....................................     53

      8.11 Move Entities or Groups   .......................     53

               8.111 Bring Others Along
               8.112 Extend Existing Lines 
               8.113 Reconnect Lines

      8.12 Plumb Aligned Movement   ........................     55
      8.13 Level Aligned Movement   ........................     55

    8.2 Copy Entities or Groups   ..........................     56




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      8.21 Move the Copy   .................................     56

                 8.211 Repeat the Copy
                 8.212 Repeat the Copy by Count 
                 8.213 Repeat the Copy Distance
                 8.214 Copy Other Entities

      8.22 Rotate Entities   ...............................     58

                 8.221 Repeat the Rotation
                 8.222 Repeat Count the Rotation by Count
                 8.223 Repeat Angle Limit
                 8.224 Copy Other Elements

      8.23 Copy to Form an Array   .........................     59

    8.3 Grouping of Elements - Temporary Groups   ..........     60

      8.31 Select the Elements for the Group
      8.32 Deselect the Elements for the Group
      8.33 Select All for the Group
      8.34 Deselect All of the Group

    8.4 Combine - Permanent Groups   .......................     62

      8.41 Combine Elements for the Group

                 8.411 Add To The Group

       8.42 Separate Elements from the Group

    8.5 Dimension   ........................................     63

                 8.501 Accept the Dimension as Specified
                 8.502 Cancel the Dimension Definition
                 8.503 Move the Dimension Arrow and Label 
                 8.504 Move the Label
                 8.505 Internal/External Arrow Orientation
                 8.506 Text Size Equals Parameter
                 8.507 Arrow Size Equals Parameter
                 8.508 Feet/Inches Shown
                 8.509 Resolution Equals 








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      8.51 Parallel Dimension Measurement
      8.52 Horizontal Component Measurement
      8.53 Vertical Component Measurement
      8.54 Angular Dimension Measurement
      8.55 Radial Dimension Measurement
      8.56 Dimension Label Modification
      8.57 Arc Length Circumfrential Measurement

    8.6 Text Creation and Edition   ........................     68

      8.61 Inserting Text

              8.611 Real/Fast Text Mode
              8.612 Size Equals Parameter
              8.613 Rotation Equals Parameter
              8.614 Spacing Equals Parameter
              8.615 Left/Center/Right Text Justification
              8.616 Font Equals Parameter
              8.617 Normal, Bold, Italics and Underlined Text

      8.62 Moving Text

    8.7 Sectioning An Area   ...............................     70

      8.71 Entity, Element and Point Defined
      8.72 Draw Section Lines - Cancel All/Last
      8.73 Direction and Distance Defined

    8.8 Deleting Entities   ................................     72

9.0 Special Drawing Functions   ............................     73

    9.1 Rotating Entities   ................................     73

      9.11 Rotation Angle
      9.12 Mirror Axis

    9.2 Scaling the Drawing   ..............................     75
    9.3 Translating An Entity   ............................     75

      9.31 Scaling Ratio Definition
      9.32 Rotation Angle Parameter
      9.33 Mirror Angle Axis Definition
      9.34 Drag Box/All 

    9.4 Displayable Attributes   ...........................     77




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      9.41 Enquire About Existing Attributes
      9.42 Set Layer Location
      9.43 Set Width Definition
      9.44 Set Line Structure 
      9.45 Set Color of Lines
      9.46 Set All Attributes

    9.5 Ellipse Drawing Function   .........................     80

      9.51 Ellipse 

              9.511 Center and Point Defined
              9.512 Center, Ratio and Rotation Defined

      9.52 Concentric Ellipses
      9.53 Elliptic Arcs
      9.54 Modifying Ellipses

    9.6 Spline Drawing Function   ..........................     84

      9.61 New Spline Creation
      9.62 Adding Points to Splines
      9.63 Deleting Spline Points
      9.64 Moving Spline Points
      9.65 Defining Endpoint Slopes

    9.7 Fillet Drawing Function   ..........................     87
    9.8 Ports On Entities   ................................     88

10.0 Utilities   ...........................................     90

   10.1 Drawing File Maintenance   .........................     90

             10.101 Drawing File Sorting
             10.102 Finding a Drawing
             10.103 Drawing Display Filter
             10.104 Location Path Display
             10.105 File Name Display
             10.106 Drawing Number
             10.107 Drawing Revision Number
             10.108 Drawing Description

       10.11 New Drawings
       10.12 Drawing Retrieval
       10.13 Combining Drawings





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       10.14 Drawing Storage
       10.15 Deleting Drawings
       10.16 Creating Drawing Directories
       10.17 Deleting Drawing Directories

   10.2 Plotting Drawings   ................................     95

       10.21 Pen Color Selection
       10.22 Line Structure Selection
       10.23 Line Widths Selection
       10.24 Drawing Scales
       10.25 Paper Size and Orientation
       10.26 Plotter Selection
       10.27 Plot Size
       10.28 Plot Margins

   10.3 Drawing Set Up   ...................................    100

       10.31 Setting Drawing Scales
       10.32 Setting Drawing Grid Origins

   10.4 Exiting ProCadd   ..................................    101

11.0 Symbols and Symbol Files   ............................    102

   11.1 Symbols   ..........................................    102

       11.11 Entering Symbols
       11.12 Creating Symbols
       11.13 Deleting Symbols
       11.14 Deleting a Page of Symbols
       11.15 Deleting All Symbols in a File

   11.2 Symbol Files   .....................................    106

       11.21 Getting a Symbol Set
       11.22 Combining Symbol Sets
       11.23 Saving a Symbol Set
       11.24 Deleting a Symbol File
       11.25 Creating a Symbol Directory
       11.26 Deleting a Symbol Directory

12.0 Parts Library   .......................................    111







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   12.1 Standard Parts   ...................................    111

       12.11 Getting a Part
       12.12 Combing Parts into a Drawing
       12.13 Saving a Part
       12.14 Deleting a Part File
       12.15 Creating a Parts Directory
       12.16 Deleting a Parts Directory

Index of Key Words   .......................................    117 

APPENDIXES


   A - Function Key Index   ................................    121
   B - Font Definition   ...................................    122
   D - Parameter File Definitions    .......................    124
   E - Plotter Device Driver Definitions   .................    140
   F - Troubleshooting   ...................................    145































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COPYRIGHT (C) 1992 Professional Power Cadd Inc. 
All Rights Reserved.


LICENSE AGREEMENT
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~


DISCLAIMER
~~~~~~~~~~

THIS INFORMATION IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY 
OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, 
ANY REPRESENTATIONS OR ENDORSEMENTS REGARDING THE USE OF, THE RESULTS 
OF, OR PERFORMANCE OF THE INFORMATION, ITS APPROPRIATENESS, ACCURACY, 
RELIABILITY, OR CORRECTNESS.  THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE USE OF THIS 
INFORMATION IS ASSUMED BY THE USER.  IN NO EVENT WILL PROFESSIONAL 
POWER CADD INC., PROFESSIONAL POWER CADD DEVELOPMENT GROUP, OR IT'S 
EMPLOYEES BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES, DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR 
CONSEQUENTIAL, RESULTING FROM ANY DEFECT IN THE INFORMATION.  BY USING 
PROFESSIONAL POWER CADD, YOU HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 
SUCH DAMAGES.  THIS DISCLAIMER SHALL SUPERSEDE ANY VERBAL OR WRITTEN 
STATEMENT TO THE CONTRARY.  IF YOU DO NOT ACCEPT THESE TERMS, YOU MUST 
CEASE AND DESIST USING THIS PRODUCT IMMEDIATELY.


Terms of This Agreement
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Your use of this package indicates your acceptance of the following 
terms and conditions:

1. Copyright: These programs and the related documentation are 
copyright Professional Power Cadd Inc.  You may not use, copy, 
modify, or transfer the programs, documentation, or any copy except as 
expressly provided in this agreement.


2. License: You have the non-exclusive right to use any enclosed 
program only on a single computer at a time.  You may load the program 
into your computers temporary memory (RAM).  You may physically 
transfer the program from one computer to another, provided that the 
program is used on only one computer at a time.  You may not distribute 
copies of the complete package or the accompanying documentation to 
others.  You may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, modify, 





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or translate the program or the documentation.  You may not attempt to 
unlock or bypass any copy protection utilized with the program.  You 
may distribute the installation program, along with the unpacking 
program, as long as its intended use is to install an application other 
then itself, on a users machine.  You may not remove any copyright 
notice.

All other rights and uses not specifically granted in this license are 
reserved by Professional Power Cadd Inc.


3. Back-up and Transfer: You may make one (1) copy of the program 
solely for back-up purposes.  You must reproduce and include the 
copyright notice on the back-up copy.  You may transfer the product to 
another party only if the other party agrees to the terms and 
conditions of this agreement and completes and returns a registration 
card to ProCadd Development Group.

If you transfer the program you must at the same time transfer the 
documentation and back-up copy or transfer the documentation and 
destroy the back-up copy.


4. Terms: This license is effective until terminated.  You may 
use ProCadd for a trial period of thirty days at no cost to you to 
determine if it fits your needs.  If you decide to use Procadd 
regularly you are expected to register it and pay the applicable 
registration fee.  Individual copies of the unregistered version of 
this program may be given to your friends and associates for the same 
thirty day free trial period.

You may terminate this agreement by destroying the program, the 
documentation and copies thereof.

This license will also terminate if you fail to comply with any terms 
or conditions of this agreement.  You agree upon such termination to 
destroy all copies of the program and of the documentation.



The shareware concept
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Shareware is copyrighted software which is distributed by authors 
through bulletin boards, on-line services, disk vendors, and copies 
passed among friends.  It is commercial software that you are allowed 
to try before you pay for it.  This makes shareware the ultimate in 
money back guarantees.



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Most money back guarantees work like this: you pay for the product and 
then have some period of time to try it out and see whether or not you 
like it.  If you don't like it or find that it doesn't do that you 
need, you return it and you get your money back.  Some software 
companies won't even let you try their product, since to qualify for a 
refund, the diskette envelope must have an unbroken seal.

With shareware you get to try it for a reasonable limited time (like 30 
days), without spending a penny.  You are able to use the software on 
your own system(s), in your own special work environment, with no sales 
people looking over your shoulder.  If you decide not to continue using 
it, you throw it away and forget all about it.  There is no paperwork, 
no phone calls, and no correspondence to waste your valuable time.  You 
only pay for it if you continue to use it.

Shareware is a distribution method, not a type of software.  Shareware 
is produced by accomplished programmers, just like retail software. 
There is good and bad shareware, just as there is good and bad retail 
software.  The primary difference between shareware and retail software 
is that with shareware you know if it's good or bad before you pay for 
it.

You benefit because you get to use the software to determine whether it 
meets your needs, before you pay for it.

The shareware system and the continued availability of quality 
shareware products depend on your willingness to register and pay for 
the shareware you use.  It's the registration fees you pay which allow 
us to support and continue to develop our products.  Please show your 
support for shareware by registering those programs you actually use 
and by passing them on to others.  Shareware is kept alive by your 
support!


What do I get when I register?
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
If you like ProCadd and you choose to use it, you must register it.  
You are not allowed to keep, use, ProCadd unless you register.  When 
you register, we send the latest version of the package. 











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1.0 INTRODUCTION
****************

Professional Power Cadd is a computer aided design and drafting 
software system introduced as a user tailored program written 
specifically for the engineer, architect, designer, draftsman, or 
novice user.

Professional Power Cadd is the most powerful, easiest to use 
Cadd program available today.

Professional Power Cadd was originally developed to fill a need that 
was unfulfillable by any other program.  As is common today, a 
majority of Cadd programs are slow, clumsy and complicated.  As the 
years have gone by and customer demands have increased, the traditional 
packages have added on to the existing program's foundation making 
their packages top heavy, bulky and loosely footed.

In 1985, when no commercial Cadd program with the power and versatility 
that a successful business required was available, the author of 
Professional Power Cadd set out to fill that need for his own 
operations.

His primary goal was the development of a package that was above all 
else, simple to use.

ProCadd requires NO SCHOOLING whatsoever.

Within a few short minutes the novice user can begin to draw basic 
elements which would take days or weeks to learn how to draw on other 
programs.

ProCadd's registered version 7.0.0 is compatible with most graphics 
programs including Corel Draw 3.0.  Corel can directly import 
ProCadd drawings and manipulate them to wrap, stretch, graphically 
accentuate or add 3D.
   
Version 7.0.0 includes the Corel Draw 3.0 interface.

ProCadd is menu driven to allow the operator to utilize many functions 
without having to memorize complex codes and commands.

ProCadd allows the user to use a piece of paper as large or as small as 
is needed and in Real World Coordinates, allowing the user to enter 
elements and dimensions as they are or would be.





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The overwhelming strengths of ProCadd lie in it's logical, 
straightforward approaches to the art of drafting and design.  ProCadd, 
however, deceives with it's power and versatility.

The highly precise Floating Point Format allows the user to maintain an 
accuracy level beyond any other Cadd program today.

SafeSave triple protects your work against sudden or mistaken loss.

We will begin by stressing the basic concepts by which the operator 
relates to ProCadd.

Basic reference terminology like "element" and "entity" are important 
along with understanding of the "drawing area" and the "active 
drawing".  All will be emphasized.

The concepts of facilities, of which there are several, such as 
position facilities and direction facilities are the most important.  
These assist the operator in locating points throughout the ProCadd 
environment or specifically the environment created by the operator by 
the application of entities within the drawing.  

We will discuss Windows within the environment, focusing on certain 
parts of the drawing and scales as well.

With a basic understanding of these operating parameters, ProCadd 
becomes an instrument by which the operator can create.

We will then proceed to drawing functions such as line and circle 
followed by a series of utilities from copy to delete.

Next, descriptions of enhanced drawing functions, including ellipse 
and fillet will be provided.  Finally special utilities and libraries 
will be discussed.

If at any time you wish assistance, technical staff will be pleased to 
help by simply contacting our ProCadd BBS via computer modem.  The 
responses to your questions will be posted on the board for you to pick 
up by the end of the following business day at 5:00 p.m. CDT USA.

If you require voice assistance, you may contact our sales offices at 
(504) 394-9557.








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2.0 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
***********************

    2.1 MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS

      1. PC-DOS or MS-DOS version 3.3 or higher.

      2. IBM 80286, 80386 or 80486 or 100% compatible.

      3. 640K Bytes of memory.

      4. Video: CGA, EGA, VGA or better.

      5. Microsoft Mouse or compatible.

      6. Hard Disk Drive with 2 megabyte free.



    2.2 RECOMMENDED HARDWARE (Not Required)

      1. 80386 100% compatible or better

      2. VGA or better

      3. 640K plus 1 megabyte expanded.


    2.3 HARDWARE NOTES

      1. ProCadd will automatically use all expanded and extended 
      memory available as a swap area for overlays.  This speeds 
      up overlay swapping, i.e. switching functions. 

      2. ProCadd utilizes an auto detect fall back sequence which 
      automatically senses your video capabilities beginning at 
      VGA and falls back as far as CGA as necessary.  If you 
      desire, however, ProCadd can support up to VESA standard 
      1280 x 1024.

      If it is necessary to fallback to CGA or EGA display types,
      the program's drawing area will be substantially reduced.

      For information on setting ProCadd to display other 
      resolutions, see the Parameter File Definitions, Appendix D.





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      3. ProCadd uses a temporary location as a video swapping area. 
      In order to speed up ProCadd's display building process ,you 
      may wish to set up a ram drive and target your tmp files to 

      it.  This should speed things up considerably.  See your DOS 
      manual about setting up the ram drive.  The common syntax 
      is "device=[path to DOS]\ramdrive.sys [memory allocation] 
      /e".

      See the Parameter File Definitions section of your manual 
      for specifics about directing the tmp files to the ram 
      drive.

      Since the ram drive would be used for video switching which 
      is only a representation of the drawing and the drawing 
      files are stored on your hard disk, your drawings are not 
      vulnerable to power loss affecting the ram drive.

      4. Another use for the ram drive, thereby speeding up the 
      program, is to target the entity or active files to be 
      switched to and from the ram drive.

      This is dangerous, however, making the integrity of your 
      work subject to power loss and requiring unprompted saving 
      of your drawings and symbol files prior to turning off your 
      computer or they will not be stored.

      If you wish to use a ram drive as a temporary storage and 
      working directory for the active file, you can direct this 
      file to that location by the following methods.

      a. To use the entity file, ent.ses on ram drive f: and load 
         a drawing, my.dwg from the directory d:\dwgs, do so as 
         follows:

         C> cad d:\dwgs\my.dwg f:ent.ses

      b. Specify in your parameters file as specified in Appendix 
         D a parameter as follows where the ram drive is f:

         entfile=f:\









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3.0 INSTALLATION
****************

By reading this document we assume that you've downloaded and un 
compressed the ProCadd program and related files.  In order to install 
the program, type "install" at the location of the program files.

The install routine will create a program directory in the drive where 
it currently resides along will several related sub directories as 
required for program operation.

These are:

   \CAD650 - parent - program, help, document, and related files    
   \CAD650\session - sub directory - parameters, entity files
   \CAD650\drawings - sub directory - default drawing storage area
   \CAD650\symbols - sub directory - default symbols storage area
   \CAD650\stdparts - sub directory - default parts storage area
   \CAD650\plotters - sub directory - plotter driver selection location
   \CAD650\fonts - sub directory - font selection location 

The \drawings sub directory will contain several sample drawings which
you are free display and modify for testing purposes.

The \symbols directory contains symbol sets for trial purposes.

We encourage you to register ProCadd and have several levels at which 
you can do so.  Please review "1st_info.txt" for ordering information.

Upon installing ProCadd, the procedure will inform you that the program
will be set up in a \CAD650 directory and will prompt you to "press any 
key to continue".  

If you choose not to continue, press "CTRL-C" to abort.

Once the installation is complete, proceed to your new \CAD650 
directory and type "procad" to start the program.

The default program is with a black background.  If you prefer a white
background, refer to "params.txt" or Appendix D of the ProCadd 
Operations Manual for alternate color schemes.

As a result of installing ProCadd, you,ve been given a number of files
including the program, drawing files, symbol files, session files, 
help files, plotter drivers, fonts and various documents as described
below.




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     1.  cadmanul.txt - ProCadd Operations Manual text file
         The manual formed in popular word processor formats is 
         available on the ProCadd BBS.

     2.  relnotes.txt - The Release Notes document includes product
         information including update information.

     3.  1st_info.txt - This document contains price and ordering 
         information.

     4.  params.txt - This document is a description of the available
         custom program options as can be inserted in the Parameters
         File.  This information is also available in Appendix D of 
         the ProCadd Oprerations Manual.

   As a matter of interest we have listed below the file by file 
   contents of these dirctories so that verification of completness
   can be ascertained.

   \CAD650        \drawings        \session      \fonts 

    cad.exe         sampelec.dwg    dnm.ses       f0.s
    1st_info.txt    sampfil.dwg     ent.ses       f1.s
    cad.ico         samphous.dwg    kotek3        f1.w
    caddstar.phd    samplay.dwg     kotek4
    cadmanul.txt    sampsen.dwg     params
    params.txt      samptxt.dwg     sp.ses
    phdr.exe                        sym.ses
    procad.bat                      mary3
    relnotes.txt                    mary4
    install.txt


   \plotters      \symbols         \stdparts

    hi             electsym.sym     <empty>
    hp             mecansym.sym
    pr
    sp











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4.0 GETTING STARTED0
*******************


4.1 EXECUTION

    To begin ProCadd, enter the \CAD650 directory or any other as you 
    have specified upon installation where your ProCadd program files 
    are located, and type "procad".

    The program will start and the active drawing will load which is 
    the drawing present when ProCadd was last exited.


4.2 DIRECT EXECUTION

    1.  To execute ProCadd and instruct the program to go directly to a 
        specific drawing use the following execution string.

        [procad path] procad [drawing.extension]

    2.  Another method of loading a drawing file directly into the 
        program upon execution is to specify that drawing in the 
        "cadfile=" parameter as explained in Appendix D - Parameters 
        File.


4.3 SPECIAL FEATURES

    4.31 HELP

       At any time while in ProCadd, On Line Help is available to the 
       user complete with all major function descriptions as well as 
       a handy function key assignment table upon entering.

       To enter the help sections click on the Help option at any 
       menu or press "Ctrl-F1".

       When entering the Help menus, the program will remain resident 
       in order to facilitate a speedy transfer to and from the Help 
       menus.

       If however, your system is too over burdened with resident 
       operations, ProCadd will notify you an unload before bringing 
       up the Help menu.  Upon exiting the help section, ProCadd will 
       automatically reload.




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       Once at the Help menu, double click on the highlighted menu 
       item of interest and help on the appropriate topic will 
       appear.

       Note: If you need assistance in tidying up your operating 
       system and minimizing your resident requirements so that the 
       Help files will run resident, please refer to APPENDIX _. 


    4.32 SHELL TO DOS

       ProCadd will shell to DOS while remaining resident as a 
       convenience to the operator.

       At any time the user can type "EXIT" and ProCadd will return.

       Shell to DOS by typing "Ctrl-F2".


    4.33 STATUS

       Press "Ctrl-F3" while anywhere within the program and ProCadd's 
       Status will display at the bottom of the screen.

       The program name will display followed by the release and 
       version number.  Then the serial number of your program will 
       appear and finally will be the available base memory.


    4.34 PLAY

       Pressing "Ctrl-F3" will also play a sample of the system prompts 
       as described and defined in the parameters file.  See APPENDIX D 
       - Parameter File Definitions for an explanation.


    4.35 ICON FOR WINDOWS 

       Along with your program files you'll find a file named 
       "cad.ico" to be used as your Windows icon if desired.


4.4 PROGRAM NOTES

    1. The SafeSave feature of ProCadd takes every step possible to 
       ensure that your work is not lost.  At any given time your 
       drawing can be saved or residing in as many as four places.



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       Your current Active Drawing which resides in memory is 
       periodically and unbeknownst to the user updated to what's 
       called the Entity File which is named specifically "ent.ses" and 
       is default kept in your \SESSION directory.

       When you save your drawing in your \DRAWINGS directory, the 
       Entity File is copied in it's current status to a place and file 
       name as directed.  If the file name already exists, then the 
       file being overwritten is renamed to [filename].bak.

       So as you operate within ProCadd and Create your drawing and 
       save it periodically it will reside in memory, as a entity file, 
       in your storage directory, and as a previous version in the form 
       of a ".bak" file.




































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5.0 BASIC CONCEPTS
******************

5.1 LOOK AND FEEL

    The layout of the ProCadd screen is highlighted by a large drawing 
    "Window" on an unlimited drawing area.

    To the right or left, as your install parameters file determines, 
    there is a menu section.

    At the initial or main menu there are thirty menu functions 
    represented by a brief describing word or phrase.  These main 
    functions can be invoked by pointing and clicking or by function 
    key.

    These functions are grouped in sets of four.  The first twelve are  
    keyboard selected by "F1" through "F12" and the second twelve are 
    selected by "Shift-F1" through "Shift F-12".  The next six are 
    keyboard selected by "Ctrl-F1" through "Ctrl-F6".

    After selecting the appropriate function, a function subset is 
    displayed in the menu section.

    The entered main function being displayed, and highlighted on the 
    top, is followed by a set of appropriate sub functions which are in 
    turn followed by sub function parameters which when asked for have 
    an accenting asterisk before them.

    Beneath the sub function parameters are attributes which relate to 
    the appearance of the elements of the drawing.

    And below these is a window status area which locates the window 
    within the drawing as well as identifying the current scale.

    Finally, there are facilities options, which when invoked prompt 
    appropriate system requests or assists.

    To return to the main menu, click on the highlighted menu title or 
    press "ESC".

    Below the drawing area is also a status bar which will notify the 
    operator when ProCadd is working.







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5.2 DRAWING AND DRAWING AREA

    ProCadd uses a Real World Coordinate system enabling the user to 
    draw it as it is or will be and not concern himself with scaling to 
    fit and since ProCadd provides an unlimited amount of space for 
    your work you may use as much or as little as you choose anywhere 
    within the drawing area.

    The size of the drawing that you are creating has no effect on the 
    portion of the drawing that you are currently viewing.

    When in a one to one magnification mode, the screen representation 
    is actually real size.  (If not see Appendix D)
    
    Since ProCadd's drawing area is unlimited, for drawing composition 
    purposes, there is no need for scaling.  ProCadd simply zooms in or 
    falls back on the drawing as required.

    The portion that is being viewed is a window on the drawing.  The 
    WINDOW may be positioned anywhere you choose.

    Zooming in on your drawing is the same as moving the WINDOW closer 
    to the drawing or zooming in so that you will see less of the 
    picture but a larger, more detailed image. 
    (See WINDOW - Section 7.4)

    Conversely scaling down shows a larger segment of the drawing but 
    with smaller depictions.

    It is important to remember that the image on the screen is a 
    representation of the drawing and not the actual drawing itself.  
    It can never be as accurate as the plot.

    In order to increase the speed of updating the image that you see, 
    some approximations are made in displaying certain elements.     
    Circles may appear segmented, but when they plot, they will be the 
    true circles that they represent.

    In addition, points may not always appear exactly positioned as 
    they have been placed.  If a point is required at the intersection 
    of two entities, the operator must first remember that each element 
    is a separate entity and they only appear to connect.  When   
    attempting to point and click on the intersection, ProCadd will 
    either attach a position to one or the other element.  When the   
    drawing is plotted the point may not be exactly at the desired   
    position.




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    In this case the "Intersect" position facility should be used so 
    that ProCadd will understand that the intersection is desired.

    If properly coordinated using this and other later described 
    locating methods, the points will print as required.


5.3 ELEMENTS AND ENTITIES

    An element is a basic drawing unit.  Examples of elements may be 
    line, circle, spline, etc.

    These basic units are the building blocks of a drawing.

    An entity is a set of elements that act as a single item.

    When more than one entity or elements are combined together using 
    the "GROUP" drawing function the resulting entity will act as a 
    single subject.

    This Grouped entity is temporary.  If a permanent grouping is 
    desired then the Combine function should be used. 
    (See COMBINE - Section 8.4)

    The entity can be copied, moved rotated or deleted as a unit.

    The "GROUP" function will be discussed later as a drawing function.
    (See GROUP - Section 8.3)


5.4 DISPLAYABLE ATTRIBUTES

    Displayable Attributes allow you to select the Color, Layer, Line 
    Structure, and Width of the elements you are drawing.

    These attributes may be changed at any time that the menu section 
    displays their status.  Once set, everything drawn will have the 
    current attributes until changed again. 
    (See ATTRIBUTES - Section 9.4)


5.5 ACTIVE DRAWING

    If you retrieve a drawing from the "Drawing Library" or create a 
    new drawing, this drawing becomes the "Active Drawing" as displayed 
    on the screen.




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    The Active Drawing is worked with in a special utility section of 
    ProCadd until it is time for storage at which a new name or 
    revision will have to be assigned so that the original version can 
    remain intact.

    ProCadd will not allow a drawing to overwrite an existing drawing 
    in the "Drawing Library" without first warning the operator.  Then 
    when the save is confirmed, ProCadd will take the original and 
    rename the extension as XXXX.bak.  If there was previously a same 
    named "bak" file, it then will be lost.

    Another invaluable feature of ProCadd automatically loads the 
    Active Drawing upon entering ProCadd. 

    When the system was exited last the current Active Drawing was 
    saved in the utility files section of ProCadd and will remain as       
    "Active" status until it is replaced with another drawing.


5.6 INPUT DEVICE

    An input device is quite simply the operator's method of 
    communicating with ProCadd.

    The input devices available to the user are:

       1.  Keyboard
       2.  Mouse
       3.  Light Pen

    The input device can directly select a point in free space or 
    establish a position on an existing entity or element.


















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6.0 FACILITIES
**************

Facilities are tools described as methods by which the operator 
functions within the ProCadd environment.  These basic methods of 
movement and positioning enable user specific action creating the 
desired depiction with ease.

All drawing functions within ProCadd use some of these in order to 
facilitate use.


6.1 POSITION FACILITIES

    Position is established at any point on the drawing area by means 
    of an Input Device or by using such an input device to allow 
    ProCadd to select a precise location geometrically relative to some 
    point, points, elements, or entities as identified by the operator.


    6.11 PICKING A POINT - CURSOR MOVEMENT


       > 6.111 KEYBOARD - The four point arrow keys on the keyboard 
       allow cursor movement in vertical or horizontal directions, 
       vertical movement or Y axis movement by keying the up or down 
       arrows and similarly horizontal movement along the right to 
       left X axis through the right and left arrow keys.

       Unless otherwise specified pressing the right arrow key will 
       move the cursor one unit of measure to the right which is 
       also unless otherwise specified 1 unit as recognized by 
       ProCadd. 

       These units are either inches or centimeters depending on the 
       user preference as is set in the Parameters File.  This variable
       is discussed in Appendix D.

       If the number key "2" is pressed prior to the arrow, the cursor 
       will move 2 units in whichever direction specified relative to 
       the previous location.  Likewise if we enter numerically 5.25 
       then the right arrow key, the cursor will move 5 and 1/4 
       units toward the right from its previous location.  This 
       location may be off the screen as you view it but it is a part 
       of the now enlarged drawing area.





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       Throughout ProCadd, distances, dimensions and coordinates can 
       be listed in feet, feet/inch, decimal numeric or any 
       combination thereof.  For instance, five feet and three and 
       one half inches can be expressed in the following formats:

       1.  5' 3.5"                   5.  63.5"
       2.  5' 3.5                    6.  63.5
       3.  5' 3 1/2                  7.  63 1/2
       4.  5.25' 1/2"

       Notice that the second, third, sixth and seventh options have 
       not been listed with inch specific notation.  This is because 
       when in the U.S. type foot/inch format, ProCadd's Real World 
       Grid Coordinate system defaults to one inch spacing. 

       Note that if the Metric option is specified in your parameters 
       file as discussed in the parameters appendix, the default 
       spacing will be one centimeter.  In this case, unqualified
       length entries will be interpreted as centimeters.  The user can 
       however qualify the length by specifying mm, cm, dm, m or km.

       If your keyboard does not have arrow keys, then a position 
       relative to the current one can be attained by typing the 
       distance and direction.  For instance typing ".2" followed by 
       "D" and "X" sends the cursor 2 tenths of a unit to the right. 
       Entering "-.2DX" sends the cursor to the left.  Numerical 
       entry followed by "DY" similarly controls vertical movement.

       Note that a position need not be established on screen. 
       ProCadd will act identically with regard to keyboard   
       positioning and Real World Coordinates regardless of the   
       current view location on the drawing area.

       Specific positioning can also be attained by entering "X" and 
       "Y" coordinates.

       Entering coordinates 0-X,0-Y locates the cursor at the origin 
       of the imaginary grid on the drawing area.
       (See Section 10.32 to reset the Origin)

       Similarly 1-X,1-Y will locate the cursor 1 unit above and 1 
       unit to the right of the origin.

       Negative digit entry will locate points below or to the left 
       of the Origin. 





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       Once any of these locations is achieved as desired a click of 
       the enter key will establish that point for use.


       > 6.112 MOUSE OR LIGHT PEN - Since a mouse will be most commonly 
       used this writing we will refer to it instead of a light pen 
       or other similar device.

       The mouse can locate points or identify entities by simply 
       pointing and establishing the position with a click of the 
       left button.

       The mouse would most commonly be used to pick a point on or 
       existing entities as ProCadd will choose the closest point on 
       the element or an endpoint if possible when the mouse is 
       clicked near that element.

       Note: If a point is desired near to but not on a nearby 
       entity, the cursor location can be held and established by 
       first locating with mouse action and then establishing the 
       point with the enter key on the keyboard.

       The mouse can position freely within the drawing as viewed but 
       if a point off screen is desired and is to be located by 
       mouse, then the window scale must be adjusted for a broader 
       view or the screen can be panned to that location.
       (See Window Panning - Section 7.451)


    6.12 PICKING A POINT - GEOMETRICALLY

       The position facilities of ProCadd will, upon request, allow 
       points to be defined based on certain useful rules of geometry 
       as applied to existing entities.

       At the bottom of the drawing function menus there are subsets 
       of facility options such as midpoint, circle center, and 
       intersection.

       These facility options are accessed by either pointing the 
       mouse and clicking on the desired tool or by striking the 
       keyboard key representing the first letter of the option 
       (i.e., the letter "m" selects "midpoint").

       Also included are logical position assistance features such as
       "last point" and grid overlays.




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       In the following you will find descriptions of sequences 
       required in identifying the elements properly so that ProCadd 
       can establish the desired point.


       > 6.121 LAST POINT - This option when selected prompts 
       ProCadd to re-establish the point which was last defined.  If
       for instance, after constructing a line, you wish to begin 
       another element by identifying it first by a point where the 
       line left off, the selection of  "last point" will 
       establish that point as the first step in construction of the 
       new element.


       > 6.122 GRID ON/OFF - The option "Grid" is a toggle on, toggle 
       off feature.  When on, this option invokes a limited grid 
       around the cursor in the form of patterned dots to assist the 
       operator in locating points or assessing position.  These dots 
       will follow the cursor about the drawing until the option is 
       toggled off.

       The spacing option of the grid function will alter the spacing 
       between the dots of the grid.  Pressing the letter "S" while 
       the grid is toggled on or selecting it with the mouse will 
       prompt a distance request for space between the dots.  If the 
       exact distance is known, then keying in a number followed by 
       "enter" will specify the distance.  However, ProCadd can 
       identify a distance through one of the other distance 
       facilities at the bottom of the menu section.

       Selecting "line length" followed by the selection of an 
       element of the drawing will establish grid sectioning 
       equivalent to that length.  Similarly, "arc length" and 
       "radius" will section the grid equal to those distances as 
       specified.

       If the grid spacing distance measurement is entered naked
       without any qualifying unit of measure, it will be assumed
       that inches are intended when in U.S. mode and in the case 
       of metric mode centimeters are understood.

       The "origin", or center of the grid follows the cursor around 
       in a precise manner as determined by the spacing option 
       setting and the position coordinates.  In other words if the 
       spacing option is set at one inch, the grid will follow the 
       cursor around, jumping in one inch increments and aligned with 
       the real X and Y coordinates as tracked by ProCadd.



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       The grid can be centered to any point as desired by using the 
       "origin" option.  Simply pressing the letter "O" followed by a 
       new origin selected with an input device are all that is 
       required to realign the grid as to pass through the new 
       origin.

       The spacing is very important to the use of the grid option 
       because when invoked, the only available points of attachment 
       are on the grid points.  It works like a distance limiter with 
       the defined distances being multiples of the grid spacing.


     > 6.123 ALIGN - Selection of this item will establish a position 
       based on the vertical and horizontal extension of specified X 
       and Y coordinates.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Pick the menu item "align."

  POS -> Step 2. Specify an X coordinate through which a real or 
         imaginary vertical line will pass.

  POS -> Step 3. Specify using an input device a Y coordinate 
         through which the imaginary horizontal component will 
         pass.

       A position point will then appear at the point of alignment.


     > 6.124 CIRCLE CENTER - This menu item is used to precisely 
       locate the center of circular elements such as arcs, ellipses, 
       circles or an imaginary circle.*  When requiring this center 
       use the following sequence:

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Pick the menu item "CIR CEN" or press the letter 
         "C." 

  POS -> Step 2. Select the entity within which the center is to 
         be located.

         Note:  Do not select an endpoint of an arc. 

         (procedure continued next page)


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  POS -> Step 2* In the case of an imaginary circle, first the 
         points are required through which an imaginary circle 
         would pass.

         Identify these three with the first being other than a 
         circular element.


     > 6.125 MIDPOINT - This menu item positions a point midway on a 
       line or between two points.*


          Procedure
          =========

       -> Step 1. Select "MIDPOINT" or the letter "M."

   POS -> Step 2. Select the line element from which a midpoint is 
	     to be established or both ends of the line. 

	     When ProCadd does not recognize the final point as an 
	     element, it will wait for the operator to select a second 
	     point.

      POS -> Step 2* Specify two points the first of which is other 
	     than on a line.


     > 6.126 INTERSECT - The menu item "INTERSECT" will find the 
       intersection of any two elements.  If more than one 
       intersection is found, the intersection closest to the points 
       selected will be used.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the "INTERSECT" menu item or "I."

  POS -> Step 2. Pick a point on the first element in the equation 
         other than its endpoint.  If a point other than the 
         endpoint is selected then a second point on that element 
         is required in order to complete identification of that 
         element.

  POS -> Step 3. Pick the second element similar to the way the 
         first was selected in step 2.




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       An exact intersection will be produced.

       Note that two points in free space can be selected and the 
       vector of the an imaginary line between them will be used as 
       either the first or the second element to which an 
       intersection will be found.


     > 6.127 DIRECTION AND DISTANCE - When selecting the menu item 
       "DIR/DIST" you are allowed to identify a point which is a 
       specific direction and distance relative to a known point of 
       origin, or "LAST POINT."


         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the "DIR/DIST" menu item or press "D."  A 
         small square will appear at the last defined point to 
         indicate the origin of the function.

  DIR -> Step 2. Specify a direction using the direction 
         facilities.  Click on a point on the compass rose, specify 
         a degree heading, or select an element of an angle to 
         match.  A line will appear showing the direction.

  DIST-> Step 3. Specify a distance.  Unless qualified with a 
         specific unit of measure, the value entered as distance 
         will be understood as inches when in U.S. mode and 
         centimeters when in metric mode.

       This locates a point relative to the origin in a known 
       direction and at a known distance.


     > 6.128 PORTS - This item is a toggle on and toggle off menu 
       item.  When ports are specified on a drawing, the ports 
       are the only points which can be selected as points of 
       attachment on the elements to which they are assigned..  In 
       order to deselect this port lock, the menu item "PORTS ON"  
       should be selected and it will toggle to "PORTS OFF" notifying 
       the operator of the new status.  Any point on the ported entity 
       can now be selected. (See PORTS - Section 9.8)


     > 6.129 HOLD - The "HOLD" menu item allows the operator to use a 
       point without defining it as a step in some routine.  It helps 



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       when specifying points of origin such as the one required when 
       using "DIR/DIST."  Select "HOLD" on the menu or "H" and follow 
       with a point then this point becomes the last point and 
       not a step in some routine to follow.


6.2 DISTANCE FACILITY

    The term Distance Facilities describes the methods available to the 
    ProCadd operator enabling him to specify lengths or distances as 
    required. 

    There are several ways to specify distance.


    6.21 NUMERIC ENTRY

       If the exact distance is known then it can be numerically 
       entered.

       The distance can be entered as an expression of feet, 
       feet/inches, inches, millimeters, centimeters, decimeters,
       meters or kilometers.  See Section 6.111 for distance 
       entry methods.

       Note that while in metric mode, qualified entry will be 
       correctly understood by ProCadd.  In other words, when in U.S.
       standard mode, a naked entry of 1 is considered as 1 inch.
       A qualified entry of 1 cm while in U.S mode would be considered
       1 centimeter as intended.


    6.22 POINT LOCATION

       At any time a Distance entry is required, the user may wish to 
       indicate that distance as a relation to some area of the 
       drawing.  The operator can therefore locate two points in 
       succession on the drawing and ProCadd Cadd will use the 
       distance between the points as the distance desired in the 
       function where the request was made.


    6.23 GEOMETRIC INTERPRETATION

       Use the set of geometric distance functions through which 
       ProCadd will determine a value.  These appear at the bottom of 
       the menu section when a distance request is made. 



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       They are as follows: 

     > 6.221 LINE LENGTH - Selecting "LINE LENGTH" or typing "L" on 
       the keyboard to be followed by the selection of a linear 
       element will interpret the distance request as the length of 
       the element selected.


     > 6.222 ARC LENGTH - Selecting the ARC LENGTH" or typing "A" 
       followed by specifying a circular element will interpret the 
       distance request as the circumference of the element.


     > 6.223 RADIUS - Selecting "RADIUS" or "R" followed by 
       referencing a circular element will specify the radius of the 
       element as the distance entry.



6.3 DIRECTION FACILITY

    Direction Facilities are methods available to the ProCadd operator 
    used to specify direction.

    Unless otherwise specified, as we will discuss, the angle 
    represents a inclining slope beginning with 0 degrees, which 
    indicates a direction to the right as viewed.  Progressively 
    increasing, the degree rotates the heading counter-clockwise.

    Similarly 90 degrees would be up and 270 degrees would be down.

    There are several Direction Facilities available to the user.

    These are as follows:

    6.31 If a direction is known it can be typed in directly from the 
       keyboard in either degrees, minutes, seconds; or decimal 
       degrees.  After the angle value is input, press the "enter" key 
       to accept.


    6.32 Common values can be specified at 30, 45, and 60 degree 
       increments by clicking on the compass rose at the bottom of the 
       menu section when a direction request is made.






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    6.33 Two points can be randomly specified and the direction from 
       the first point to the second point as relative to zero 
       degrees right will be used.


    6.34 An existing element can also be used.  If an element is 
       specified then its direction will be used.  Remember that a 
       vertical line may have been created in a 90 degree direction 
       or a 270 degree direction.

    These methods can be used in combination as well.  If for instance, 
    a direction is needed 90 degrees as related to an element, or 
    perpendicular, the following sequence would apply. 

    First type in 90, but do not press "enter." Then specify the 
    element to which the new direction will be perpendicular, by entry 
    of two points on the element. 

    Upon the establishment of the second, a vector as requested will 
    appear from the previous point.



6.4 METRIC PROGRAM OPERATION

    The standard base unit upon which the ProCadd program operates is 
    an inch, however, the program will default to one centimeter if 
    desired.

    In the Parameters File there is a parameter named "user_units=". 

    This variable setting determines the default mode of operation and 
    the format which the drawing files are stored.  Refer to Appendix D 
    for parameter definitions and settings.

    When in metric mode, the unit of measure as moved on the drawing 
    and used by the Distance Facilities is one centimeter.

    Similar to the way directional movement is conducted, the Real 
    World Coordinate System is metric scaled.

    If distance entries are, however, defined as inches with "in" or 
    tickmarks, these identifiers will override the current status mode  
    of the program.






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    Similarly, while in U.S. mode, entries identified with metric 
    notations i.e. cm, mm, km, etc... will be recognized accordingly.  

    This is very useful when environments require combined usage of 
    both measurement standards in the same drawing.

    There are several areas of the program effected by metric 
    operation.

    These include:

      Distance Facilities
      Dimension Functions
      Grid Option
      Fillet Drawing Function
      Circle Drawing Function
      Text Insert/Editing
      Plot/Print Function
      Window
      Ellipse

    In each of these portions of the manual metric alternate operation
    will be mentioned. 



























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7.0 DRAWING FUNCTIONS
*********************

The basic elements of the drawing are created by use of DRAWING 
FUNCTIONS.

Use of the Drawing Functions in this section will require extensive use 
of the facilities described in Section 6 so reference will be helpful.


7.1 LINE

    From the main function selection menu, the operator can request 
    Line functions by either pointing and clicking on the menu item 
    "LINE" or by pressing "F1".

    The Line sub-menu follows.  This menu is made up of the seven Line 
    sub functions listed at the top.

    Following the sub functions are a set of sub function parameters 
    which limit the directions of the lines being created.  An asterisk 
    toggled on upon selection invokes the limit.


     > 7.101 ALL DIRECTIONS  When creating lines this parameter when 
       selected allows the user to define lines in any direction.


     > 7.102 FOUR DIRECTIONS  The Four Directions parameter limits 
       the creation of lines to 0, 90, 180 and 270 degree directions.


     > 7.103 EIGHT DIRECTIONS  The Eight Directions parameter limits 
       creation of lines to 45 degree spaced directions beginning at 
       zero degrees.


     > 7.104 ISOMETRIC  The Isometric parameter option will limit 
       directions to six different directions which help the operator 
       when using perspective view angles to portray depth.  These 
       angles are 30, 90, 150, 210, 270 and 330 degrees.


     > 7.105 TANGENT TO  The Tangent To option when used directs the 
       line being created to a point Tangent To a circle or arc. 
       When defining the line, assign one end to a circle or an arc. 




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    Beneath the parameters are Displayable Attributes which determine 
    the color, width, structure and layer of the element. 
    (See Attributes - Section 9.4) 

    Also on the menu is the Window status area.  Note that at any time, 
    the operator can go directly to the Window menu by clicking on the 
    window outline and return by pressing "F1." 
    (See Window - Section 7.4)

    Finally at the bottom of the menu section there are facility 
    selections.


    7.11 LINE - POINT/POINT

       This sub-function allows lines to be drawn by specifying two 
       endpoints.  Position Facilities are used to define these 
       points. 

       Note that if the Four Directions parameter is selected, that 
       the line can only be created in a vertical or horizontal 
       direction. 

       Likewise if the Eight Direction parameter is selected then 
       only lines at 45 degree increments can be drawn.  The Tangent 
       To option mandates that the line created will connect tangent 
       to a circle or arc if one of the endpoints selected is located 
       on the circle.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1.  Select the Point/Point menu item (unless already 
         selected, this one is default)

  POS -> Step 2.  Locate the first point.

  POS -> Step 3.  Locate the second point and upon acceptance of the 
         second point a line will be placed between them.  Note that 
         while positioning the second point, an indicating ghost line 
         will appear where the line would be to assist the operator in 
         placement.


    7.12 LINE - SLOPE/POINT

       This sub-function allows the creation of a line at a given 



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       slope which will intersect a point as specified and extend the 
       extent of the screen only.

       These lines are generally used as construction guidelines 
       which are later either deleted or modified.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1.  Select the Slope/Point menu item (if not already 
         selected from previous operation).

  DIR -> Step 2.  Specify a slope degree by clicking on the slope 
         request and specifying a direction either by numeric entry or 
         rose selection.

  POS -> Step 3.  Identify the point through which the line will 
         travel. 

         Note that a ghost line appears, to assist the operator in 
         placement of the line.


    7.13 LINE - CHAIN LINE

       The Chain Line is identical to the Point/Point line except 
       that the final point of each segment of the line serves 
       immediately as the first point of the next extension of the 
       Chain Line.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Chain Line menu item.

  POS -> Step 2. Position the first point of the first segment of the 
         Chain Line.

  POS -> Step 3. Position the second point of the segment.  A ghost 
         line will guide you.  This point will serve as the first point 
         of the following element.

  POS -> Step 4. Repeat Step 3 until the chain is complete.







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    7.14 LINE - MODIFY

       The Modify sub-function changes both end points of a line 
       without changing the slope or relative location of the line.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Modify sub-function.

  POS -> Step 2. Specify the line element to be modified by selection 
         of any point on the line.  This location on the element is not 
         important.

  POS -> Step 3. Locate one new endpoint on the line selected.  The end 
         of the existing line that is closest to this point will move 
         to this point when the line is re drawn..

  POS -> Step 4. Select a new endpoint for the other end of the line.  
         Upon this selection, the line will be re drawn.


    7.15 LINE - MODIFY ONE END

       The Modify One End sub-function allows for the modification of 
       only one end of a line.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1.  Select the Modify One End sub-function.

  POS -> Step 2.  Select the line to be modified by locating a point on 
         the element closer to the end to be modified than to the other 
         end.

  POS -> Step 3.  Specify the new endpoint.  The line will be re drawn 
         upon this selection.


    7.16 LINE - TRIM

       The Trim sub function allows the user to trim a line to a 
       specific point or element.






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         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Trim sub function.

  POS -> Step 2. Select a point or an element to which the line will be 
         trimmed to. 

  POS -> Step 3. Select the line to be modified.  The end of the line 
         toward which it's identifying point lies will be trimmed to 
         the point as specified in Step 2.

  POS -> Step 4. If Step 2 is an element and multiple intersecting 
         lines are to be trimmed then repeat Step 3 until all lines are 
         trimmed.


    7.17 LINE - BREAK LINE

       The Break Line sub-function allows the operator to break a 
       line into segments.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1.  Select the Break Line sub-function.

  POS -> Step 2.  Select the line element to be segmented by locating a 
         point anywhere on the line.

  POS -> Step 3.  Select a point on the line where the break is to 
         begin.

  POS -> Step 4.  Select a point on the line where the break is to end.

     It is important to note that even though the line has been 
     broken into segments, it still will act as a single entity. 

     If the operator wishes to separate the segments into separate 
     elements then the Separate command must be used. 
     (See Separate - Section 8.42)


7.2 RECTANGLE

    The rectangle function allows for the creation of rectangles as 
    single elements. 



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    From the Main Function selection menu click on "RECTANGLE" or press 
    the "F2" key.

    The Rectangle sub menu is made up of three Rectangle sub functions.

    Beneath the sub-function selection menu are the standard Attributes 
    selections, Window status area, and facilities selections.


    7.21 RECTANGLE - POINT/POINT

       This Rectangle sub-function allows creation of rectangles when 
       the operator supplies diagonally opposed corner points.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Point/Point sub-function.

  POS -> Step 2. Locate the point designating the first corner of the 
         rectangle.

  POS -> Step 3. A ghost rectangle will follow the cursor movements 
         proposing the element's shape as you then proceed to locate 
         the second corner.

         Once the second point is selected, the rectangle will be 
         drawn.


    7.22 RECTANGLE - CENTER/POINT

       This Rectangle sub-function assists the operator in elementary 
       creation of a rectangle by specifying a center point along 
       with one corner.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Center/Point sub-function.

  POS -> Step 2. Locate a center point position.

  POS -> Step 3. Locate the corner position.  Notice that as before, 
         the ghost follows cursor movement until the final position is 
         established, at which time, the permanent rectangle is drawn.




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    7.23 RECTANGLE - CONCENTRIC

       The Concentric sub-function allows for creation of multiple 
       elements with the same center.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Concentric sub-function.

  POS -> Step 2. Identify a point as the center. 

  POS -> Step 3. Locate a corner point for the initial concentric 
         rectangle.  Again a ghost element will follow.

  POS -> Step 4. Repeat Step 3 by locating subsequent corner points 
         until all concentric rectangles have been placed as desired.


7.3 CIRCLE

    There are three options within the Circle function group.  These 
    are Circle/Circle; Circle/Arc; and Circle/Modify.

    Listed below the three main options on the Circle menu are the 
    Circle sub functions.

    Following the sub functions is a Tangent To parameter and then the 
    customary attributes section, the window status section, and 
    finally the facilities tools options.

    Each option in turn has a set of appropriate sub-functions.

    Access the Circle option menu by clicking on "CIRCLE" or pressing 
    the "F3" key.


    7.31 CIRCLE/CIRCLE

       In order to make use of the Circle/Circle set of sub 
       functions, click on the Circle option.  As asterisk will 
       appear directly before the option indicating it's selected 
       status.







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       If while using one of the Circle/Circle sub functions, the 
       Tangent To parameter is selected by clicking on it, the 
       perimeter of the circle will be established based on the 
       selection of a point on the element which the circle will be 
       tangent to.


     > 7.311 CIRCLE/CIRCLE-CENTER/POINT This sub option is used to 
       create circles by establishing a center point followed by a 
       point through which the perimeter will intersect.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Center/Point sub-function.

  POS -> Step 2. Locate a point to be used as the center of the circle.

  POS -> Step 3. Locate a perimeter point through which the circle will 
         be drawn.

       Note that the ghost follows until the perimeter point is 
       established in the form of a circle or a square depending on 
       the main program parameter setup.


     > 7.312 CIRCLE/CIRCLE-POINT/CENTER This Point/Center sub-
       function operates similar to the previous Center/Point sub-
       function with the only difference being that the perimeter 
       point is specified first and followed by the center point.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Point/Center sub-function.

  POS -> Step 2. Locate the perimeter point as required.

  POS -> Step 3. Locate the center point as desired.

       Note that when the center is established and the circle is 
       drawn, if the Tangent To parameter is selected and the 
       perimeter point is located on another element, then the 
       perimeter point and radius will be adjusted so that the circle 
       is tangent to the element. 





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     > 7.313 CIRCLE/CIRCLE-CONCENTRIC The Circle/Concentric sub-
       function is used for making multiple circular elements with 
       the same center by locating multiple perimeter locations.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Circle/Concentric sub-function.

  POS -> Step 2. Locate the center as desired for the concentric 
         circles.

  POS -> Step 3. Establish a point for the desired perimeter upon which 
         the circle will be drawn.

  POS -> Step 4. Locate a point for the second concentric circle and 
         repeat as many times as are circles required.


     > 7.314 CIRCLE/CIRCLE- 3 POINTS This sub-function allows 
       circles to be drawn by selecting three points to be on the 
       perimeter of the proposed circle.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Circle/3 Points sub-function.

  POS -> Step 2. Locate the first point on the perimeter of the circle 
         you wish to draw.

  POS -> Step 3. Locate a second point on the perimeter of the circle 
         you wish to draw.

  POS -> Step 4. Locate the final point on the perimeter of the circle 
         you wish to draw and upon that entry, the circle will appear.

       If the three points are collinear, no point will be drawn.


     > 7.315 CIRCLE/CIRCLE-RAD/POINT/POINT  This sub function 
       assists the operator in creating a circle by specifying a 
       radial dimension followed by two points to be on the perimeter
       of the circle being drawn.






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       Notice that upon selection of the Rad/Point/Point menu item 
       that the standard position request facility subset of options 
       at the bottom of the menu disappears and a set of three 
       distance request facility options appears.

       This distance input is requested as the first portion of the 
       element construction. 

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Rad/Point/Point menu item.

  DIST-> Step 2. Specify a distance to be considered as the radius of 
         the circle to be drawn.  You may numerically input a value or 
         use one of the distance assists at the bottom of the menu 
         selection.

  POS -> Step 3. Choose a point which will be the first perimeter point 
         of the circle being drawn. 

  POS -> Step 4. Locate the second perimeter point through which the 
         circle will intersect.  Upon selection of this element the 
         circle will appear.

       Note that if the distance between the perimeter points is 
       greater than twice the radial measurement, no circle will 
       be drawn.


     > 7.316 CIRCLE-CIRCLE-TANGENT/TANGENT This 
       Circle/Tangent/Tangent sub function assists the operator in 
       the creation of circles while specifying tangency to two 
       separate entities.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Tangent/Tangent sub function.

  POS -> Step 2. Select the first element to which the circle to be 
         drawn will be tangent to.  The Circle will be tangent to this 
         element at this point.

  POS -> Step 3. Select the second element to which the circle will be 
         tangent to.




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       Upon the second selection, the circle will be drawn.

       Note that the circle's diameter will be determined by the 
       location of the first point on the element to which the circle 
       being drawn is tangent to.


    7.32 CIRCLE-ARC

       The ARC set of sub functions enables the operator to draw arcs 
       in a variety of ways.  There are three Arc sub functions that 
       appear when the Arc option is selected.

       Keep in mind that arcs are always defined in a counter-
       clockwise direction.


     > 7.321 CIRCLE-ARC-3 POINTS The Arc/3 Points sub function 
       creates arcs by specifying three points.  The arc will begin 
       at the first point, end at the second point and pass through 
       the third point.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Arc/3 Points sub function.

  POS -> Step 2. Position a point to be the beginning of the desired 
         arc.

  POS -> Step 3. Establish a point to be the end of the desired arc.

  POS -> Step 4. Select the final point on the circumference through 
         which the arc will pass.

       Since the arc will always draw in a counter-clockwise 
       direction, a first point positioned on the left followed by a 
       second point on the right will indicate an arc downward.  On 
       the other hand an arc defined by a first point on the right 
       and followed by a second point on the left will draw an upward 
       arc.


     > 7.322 CIRCLE-ARC-RAD/POINT/POINT The Arc/Rad/Point/Point sub 
       function allows the user to define an arc by specifying a 
       radius followed by a beginning point and then an ending point. 




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         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1: Select the Arc/Rad/Point/Point sub function.

  DIST-> Step 2: Enter a radial measurement using the keyboard or one 
         of the distance tools that appear at the bottom of the menu 
         section as the distance definition which is required. 

  POS -> Step 3: Establish the point to be used as the starting point 
         of the arc to be drawn.

  POS -> Step 4: Locate the ending point for the arc to be drawn.

       Upon selection of the final point, the arc will appear.

       Note that the order of which the two arc end points are 
       entered is important.  The arc will begin at the first 
       point and draw towards the second, radiating 
       counter-clockwise until reaching the second.  The order of 
       entry therefore determines to which side of the endpoints 
       points the arc will lie.


     > 7.323 CIRCLE-ARC-TANGENT/TANGENT  This Arc/Tangent/Tangent 
       sub function will draw arcs as required tangent two separate 
       entities.

       When selecting the Tangent/Tangent option of the Arc sub 
       function, a clockwise/counter-clockwise toggling option 
       appears.  For this Tangent/Tangent option the user can define 
       the arc in a clockwise fashion if desired.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Arc/Tangent/Tangent sub function.

  POS -> Step 2. Locate a starting point on an entity to which the arc 
         will be tangent.

  POS -> Step 3. Locate the ending point on an entity to which the arc 
         will be tangent.

       Upon establishment of the final point, an arc will be drawn.

       If tangency is not possible as defined, no arc will be 
       drawn.


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    7.33 CIRCLE-CIRCLE-MODIFY

       The Modify option within the Circle function is used to modify 
       existing circles and arcs.  As was during their creation, the 
       new endpoints must be specified on a counter-clockwise basis.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Modify sub function.

  POS -> Step 2. Select the element to be modified.  The position of 
         the selection point is irrelevant as long as it is not an 
         endpoint.

  POS -> Step 3. Position a point to be the new beginning point of the 
         circle or arc being modified.

  POS -> Step 4. Select a position point for the new ending point of 
         the circle or arc being modified.

       After establishment of the final ending point, the element will 
       be re-drawn. 



7.4 WINDOW

    The WINDOW features allow the operator to select the viewed portion 
    of the drawing that is being worked on.

    Portions of the drawing can be zoomed in on and this enlarged 
    portrait can pan across the full drawing as desired.

    The Window menu selection subset can be entered in three ways. 

    First would be to click on the "WINDOW" feature of the main menu 
    selection area.

    Window can also be entered by pressing "F4" at any point. 

    Finally, if the operator is currently in one the drawing function 
    menus he can click on the rectangular outline of the drawing area 
    referred to as the Window View Locator in the window status section 
    of the menu.  This will take the user directly to the Window menu.





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    The Window sub function menu features two options being Set Size 
    and Set Bounds.

    Beneath these on the menu is the Reload function.  

    Beneath the Reload option are the Layer control functions.

    Following these Layer options are the Window View Locator and scale 
    adjustments and finally below that is the facility request area.


    7.41 WINDOW-SET SIZE

       The Set Size sub function of the Window menu is used to adjust 
       the viewed area of the drawing screen to view a specifically 
       sized view of the drawing.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Set Size sub function.

  DIST-> Step 2. Pick a distance by using one of the distance facility
         options at the bottom of the menu section and following with 
         the selection of the appropriate element or just entering a 
         value via the keyboard.

       Once a distance is specified, the screen will adjust to a 
       magnification factor where the horizontal dimension of the 
       viewed area is as requested.


    7.42 WINDOW-SET BOUNDS

       The Set Bounds sub function of the Window menu is used to 
       specify a window viewing boundary as desired.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Set Bounds sub function.

  POS -> Step 2. Locate a point to be one diagonally positioned corner 
         point for the new boundary as desired.

  POS -> Step 3. Locate a point to be the opposite corner of the new 
         viewing screen boundary.



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       Upon establishment of the final corner, the screen will be 
       readjusted.  Notice that as the second point is being 
       positioned a ghost sample of the result will follow.


    7.43 WINDOW-RELOAD

       The Reload option redraws the current drawing thereby 
       including any changes.  If for instance, a Layer is toggled 
       off, the elements included in that layer will not disappear 
       until the drawing is reloaded.

       The Reload function is invoked by clicking on the word 
       "RELOAD" at the Window menu or at any point in ProCadd by 
       pressing "CTRL-R".


    7.44 WINDOW-LAYER CONTROL

       This section of the menu controls the selection of Layers 
       applicable to the current drawing.

       Layers can be used to assign viewing status to different parts 
       of a drawing.  An operator may for instance draw the basic 
       structure of a building on layer one.  The electrical schemes 
       may be on layer two.  The plumbing could be on layer three.  
       Perhaps the foundation plan would be on layer four.  
       Descriptions, notes, or lists of materials might be on layer 
       five.

       Generally users will develop their own standard set of layer 
       designations.

       There are 120 layers available to be used or not used as 
       desired.

       The first option of the Layer set of options is "ALL ON/OFF". 
       Clicking on the "ON" portion of the phrase will turn all 
       layers on.  Likewise clicking on the "OFF" portion of the 
       phrase will conversely turn them all off.

       The next items "+10/-10" control the layers shown in the menu 
       section.  Clicking on "+10" ascends the layer grouping by ten 
       and likewise the "-10" descends the layer grouping.






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       The listed group of ten layers can be selectively toggled on 
       or off by clicking on the individual layer thereby toggling it 
       to an active status. 

       Note that when layer status is changed, it will not effect the 
       view of the drawing until it is reloaded by clicking on the 
       above "RELOAD" or pressing the combination "CTRL-R".


    7.45 WINDOW-VIEW LOCATOR

       The Window View Locator shows you the location and relative 
       size of the view you are currently using relative to the 
       entire drawing.  The locator is two rectangles, the outside 
       rectangle shows the size of the full drawing while the inside 
       rectangle shows the position of drawing that you are currently 
       viewing.

       The current window scale is listed below the window view 
       locator.

       If the full drawing is on screen the window view locator will 
       appear as one rectangle.

       A list of scale changes are displayed around the window view 
       locator.  These numbers represent a scaling factor that will 
       be applied to the current status.  The values range from "8" 
       (an 8x zoom in) to "1/8" (an 1/8 zoom out).

       Selecting any one of these will cause the drawing to be 
       reloaded and the viewed portion of the drawing to be rescaled.

       Remember that throughout all window functions the drawing is 
       not being changed, only the viewing window on the drawing.

       When a large drawing is currently being displayed and several 
       scaling changes are required, the loading can be stopped and 
       the next step effected immediately without waiting for the 
       entire drawing to appear. 

       Pressing any key or clicking on a function will cause the 
       reload to cease and the system will wait for your next 
       request.


     > 7.451 WINDOW-VIEW LOCATOR-PANNING  Panning is a term used to 
       describe the process of stepping across the drawing with the 
       viewed screen.


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       While in the Window function and not utilizing one of the sub 
       functions, if a point is established at a location on the 
       drawing, the drawing will then be reloaded with that point as 
       the center of the screen.  So if a sequence of points were to 
       be established at the right side of the screen, the view will 
       be reloaded at each request and each load will pan to the 
       right as compared with the previous representation.

       Likewise the view can pan up, down, left or diagonally.

       Again, as it was when scaling the view, upon each reload, the 
       process can be stopped by pressing a key or clicking on a 
       function.

       The next pan can then be selected without waiting for the 
       previous image to finish. 

       This is most helpful when large or complicated drawings are 
       being manipulated. 































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8.0  DRAWING UTILITIES
**********************

This set of eight utilities is geared toward identification, 
duplication and manipulation of existing elements or entities on 
drawings.



8.1 MOVE

    The Move function allows for the repositioning of entities within a 
    drawing.

    The MOVE function can be invoked by clicking on the word "MOVE" or 
    pressing the "F5" key.

    The Move function has three Move sub functions.


    8.11 MOVE-MOVE

       The Move sub function allows for the movement of entities to 
       other positions in a drawing. 

       These movements are limited as necessary by three parameters.  
       An asterisk toggled on, next to the ALL DIRECTIONS parameter, 
       or the X ONLY parameter, or the Y ONLY parameter, will limit 
       movement as indicated. 

       When selected by positioning a point on an entity, the entity 
       will follow the cursor in the same relative alignment to the 
       point until the new position point is located.

       If multiple elements or entities are to be moved they can be 
       moved as a unit by Grouping them together. 
       (See GROUP - Section 8.3)

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Move sub function from the Move menu.

  POS -> Step 2. Select a point on the entity which is to be moved.  
         The position of the point on the entity is irrelevant unless 

         (procedure continued next page)



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         it is required by the operator for specific location purposes 
         because this point becomes the drag point.

  POS -> Step 3. Locate the new position point by it's drag point as 
         should be relative to the entity as it sits in it's new 
         location.

       Notice that the entity will follow the cursor about the 
       drawing until positioned.

       Upon completion of the movement sequence, four new menu 
       selections will appear.


     > 8.111 MOVE-MOVE-BRING OTHERS  Once a Move sequence has been 
       completed, the Bring Others menu option will appear.  If the 
       operator then activates the option by selecting it, and an 
       asterisk highlights the option, other entities on the drawings 
       can be moved as well, all relative to the initial movement.

       For example if an element is moved two inches to the left and 
       one inch up, any other entities can be also moved two inches 
       to the left and one inch up simply by selecting the Bring 
       Others option and the clicking on the desired entities.


     > 8.112 MOVE-MOVE-EXTEND LINES  When a line is moved and 
       vertical or horizontal lines that were connected to that line 
       need to be lengthened or shortened to reconnect to the line in 
       a similar fashion, the Extend Lines option does so.  Once the 
       original line is moved, the Extend Lines option will appear.  
       Click on each line which is to be reconnected and it will be 
       modified accordingly.

       The lines being extended or trimmed will maintain their 
       original vertical or horizontal position.  Only their length 
       will be changed.


     > 8.113 MOVE-MOVE-RECONNECT LINES  When a line is moved and a 
       previously connecting line needs to be reconnected, the 
       Reconnect Lines option will do so.  Clicking on the Reconnect 
       Lines option and following it with selection of the elements 
       to be reconnected, will cause the connecting endpoint of the 
       line being reconnected to be moved to the point on the moved 
       line as it was originally connected.




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       The slope of the line being reconnected may change as only one 
       endpoint will be moved. 


    8.12 MOVE-PLUMB

       The Plumb sub function of the Move function allows the user to 
       move an entity horizontally to a plumb vertical axis as 
       specified.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Plumb sub function.

  POS -> Step 2. Establish a vertical line to which the entity will be 
         aligned.  A vertical ghost line will follow the cursor until 
         placed.

  POS -> Step 3. Locate a point on the entity being moved and the 
         entity will be moved such that the point specified intersects 
         the plumb line indicator.

       When the entity is selected and therefore moved, the plumb 
       line will disappear. 

       Note that when selecting the entity to be moved, the point at 
       which the entity is identified is important because the entity 
       will intersect the plumb line at that point.


    8.13 MOVE-LEVEL

       The Level sub function allows the user to move an entity to 
       align with a level horizontal line.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Level sub function of the Move menu.

  POS -> Step 2. Establish a horizontal line to which the entity to be 
         moved will be aligned.  A horizontal ghost line will follow 
         the cursor until placed. 

         (procedure continued next page)




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  POS -> Step 3. Locate a point on the entity being moved and that 
         entity will move such that the point selected will intersect 
         the horizontal line as placed.

       When the entity is selected and therefore moved the level line 
       will disappear. 

       Note that when selecting the entity to be moved, the point at 
       which the entity is identified is important because the entity 
       will intersect the level line at that point.



8.2 COPY

    The Copy function allows an entity to be copied.  This function has 
    three sub functions that allow the copies to be either moved, 
    rotated or copied following an array pattern.

    You may enter the Copy function by either clicking on the word 
    "COPY" on the main menu or pressing "F6" on your keyboard.


    8.21 COPY-MOVE

       The Move sub function of the Copy menu item is used to copy an 
       element or grouped set of elements to form an entity and move 
       this copy to another location.

       There are three parameters available to quantify the freedom 
       of movement and can be utilized by toggling on the option 
       indicated by an asterisk. 

       The "ALL DIRECTIONS" parameter allows unrestricted directional 
       movement.

       The "X AXIS" parameter limits movement to a horizontal bias 
       and "Y AXIS" limits movement to vertical directions.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Copy/Move sub function of the Copy menu.

         (procedure continued next page)





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  POS -> Step 2. Locate a point on the entity to be copied.  It is 
         important to pick a point that will be useful in positioning 
         the copied entity.

  POS -> Step 3. Locate the copy, which is following the cursor to it's 
         final location, using the attachment point as a reference.  

       The final location will be precisely relative to the point as 
       positioned.

       Once the entity has been moved there will be four extended 
       options appearing below the sub function group available for 
       the user. 

       They are as follows:

     > 8.211 COPY/MOVE/REPEAT  The Repeat sub option when clicked on 
       will duplicate the previous action set.  A new copy will be 
       positioned relative to the previous copy as was the previous 
       copy to the original.


     > 8.212 COPY/MOVE/REPEAT COUNT  The Repeat Count sub option is 
       an extension of the above described "Repeat".  When clicked on 
       and followed by a numerical count factor, the original or 
       previous entity will be duplicated as copied and repeated by 
       as many times as specified.  Each duplication will be relative 
       to the previous copy as was the original copy to the original.


     > 8.213 COPY/MOVE/REPEAT DISTANCE  The Repeat Distance sub 
       option is again similar to both the Repeat and Repeat Count 
       options.  This option however requires a distance within which 
       copies will be repeated until that point is reached.  Do so by 
       selecting Repeat Distance after a copy has been made, then 
       selecting the copied element and following it with a distance 
       value.  Multiples will then be made to fill the distance as 
       identified.


     > 8.214 COPY/MOVE/COPY OTHER  The Copy Other sub option will 
       copy and move a copy of an alternate entity to a position 
       relative to it's original as was the copy moved in the 
       previous Copy/Move action.  This is done by simply selecting 
       any point on an alternate entity and can be repeated for other 
       entities in succession.




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    8.22 COPY-ROTATE

       This Copy/Rotate sub function allows the operator to copy an 
       entity and rotate it in a specified direction as well as around 
       any center.


         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the COPY/ROT sub function.

  POS -> Step 2. Position a point on the object entity to be rotated.  
         The location on the element is important because the axis of 
         rotation will be around this point unless otherwise specified.

  POS -> Step 2a. Upon selecting an entity the menu item "NEW CENTER" 
         will appear.  If this item is selected and followed with a new 
         center position on the drawing, it will remain the center 
         of rotation until another major sub function is invoked.

  DIR -> Step 3. Specify an angular direction of rotation which will 
         determine the direction and amount of rotation around the 
         center as indicated.  Positive entry indicates a counter-
         clockwise rotation. 

       Once the entity has been rotated there will be four extended 
       options appearing below the sub function group available for 
       the user.

       They are as follows:

     > 8.221 COPY/ROTATE/REPEAT  The Repeat sub option when clicked 
       on will duplicate the previous action set.  A new copy will be 
       positioned relative to the previous copy as was the previous 
       copy to the original.


     > 8.222 COPY/ROTATE/REPEAT COUNT  The Repeat Count sub option is 
       an extension of the above described "Repeat".  When clicked on 
       and followed by a numerical count factor, the original or 
       previous entity will be duplicated as copied and repeated by 
       as many times as specified.  Each duplication will be relative 
       to the previous copy as was the original copy to the original.






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     > 8.223 COPY/ROTATE/REPEAT ANGLE  The Repeat Angle sub option is 
       again similar to both the Repeat and Repeat Count options. 
       This option however requires an angle within which copies will 
       be repeated until that point is reached.  Do so by selecting 
       Repeat angle after a copy has been made, then selecting the 
       copied element and following it with an angle degree. 

       Multiples will then be made.


     > 8.224 COPY/ROTATE/COPY OTHER  The Copy Other sub option will 
       copy and move a copy of an alternate entity to a position 
       relative to it's original as was the copy moved of the 
       previous Copy/Rotate action.  This is done by simply selecting 
       any point on an alternate entity and can be repeated for other 
       entities in succession.


    8.23 COPY-ARRAY

       This Copy Array sub function allows copies to be made and 
       arrayed throughout an area in a grid pattern sequence as 
       necessary.

       Selection of this menu item causes four information queries to 
       appear below. 

         Procedure
         =========

  DIST-> Step 1. Select the "ROW SPACE" item and enter a distance 
         requested between rows.  A positive entry would notate rows 
         above the entity to be copied and likewise a negative entry 
         would indicate rows below.

         The value entered in this variable will represent the number 
         of current mode units of measure to be considered as desired 
         spacing.  These units will be either centimeters or inches.

  DIST-> Step 2. Select the "COL SPACE" item and enter a distance 
         requested between columns.  A positive entry will identify 
         columns to the right of the entity being copied.  A negative 
         entry will indicate column spacing of those the left.

         This value will also represent centimeters or inches depending 
         on the current mode of operation.

         (procedure continued next page)


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      -> Step 3. Select the "ROWS" menu item.  This quantity entry will
         specify the number of copies to be made vertically spaced as 
         indicated by the Row Space entry above.

      -> Step 4. Select the "COLS" menu item.  This quantity entry will 
         specify the number of copies to be made horizontally spaced as 
         indicated in the Col Space area above.

  POS -> Step 5. Identify the entity or entity grouping to be copied 
         and arrayed in the pattern as specified.

       The number of Rows multiplied by the number of Cols specified 
       will be equal to the number of copies made.

       If numerous or complicated copies are being made, the visual
       representation of the procedure can be halted at any time by 
       activating a major function item and the system will accept 
       your next commands.



8.3 GROUP

    The GROUP function allows the operator to tag a set of elements or
    entities that will then perform as a single entity when acted upon.  
    The group is a temporary collection of elements or entities that is 
    affected by utilities such as move, copy, delete or save.

    To enter the Group menu click on the main menu item "GROUP" or 
    press "F7".

    The Group menu consists of four sub functions as well as the Window 
    View Locator.


    8.31 GROUP-SELECT

       The Select sub function is used to invite elements to be part 
       of the Group. 


     > 8.311 GROUP-SELECT BLOCK

       The Select Block option will select elements within a defined 
       area of the drawing to be part of the Group.  In order to 
       define the blocked area, first click on a corner of the object 




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       area.  A ghost block will follow the cursor at the diagonally 
       located corner until it is placed by clicking at a position as 
       necessary.

       Note that only totally enclosed non-protruding elements will 
       be included in the group.


     > 8.312 GROUP-SELECT ELEMENTS

       Clicking on each applicable element will cause it to be 
       highlighted informing the operator that is has been accepted 
       by ProCadd.

       Blocking and individual selection can also be used in 
       conjunction.  If for example an area is blocked but a few 
       protruding elements do not select.  They can then be 
       individually chosen and thereby added to the group.

       Blocking and individual selection can be used in multiple 
       succession in order to define items in remote areas of the 
       drawing as part of the intended Group.


    8.32 GROUP-DESELECT

       The Deselect sub function is used to individually remove 
       elements from the Group.  Clicking on each undesirable element 
       will cause it to be removed.

       Note that blocking an area of the drawing is also applicable 
       for deselection.  When the cursor is used to define an area, 
       all elements totally enclosed and non-protruding from the 
       block will be de selected from the Group.


    8.33 GROUP-SELECT ALL

       The Select All sub function when invoked will select every 
       item on the current drawing.  If a large number of elements 
       are desired for the Group it may be easier to Select All and 
       then Deselect individual or blocks of elements.

       Remember that elements off the viewing screen and elsewhere in 
       the drawing will be selected with Select All and be 
       manipulated with the Group without being seen.




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    8.34 GROUP-DESELECT ALL

       The Deselect All sub function when invoked will abolish the 
       Group completely.

       When this sub function is used the function "RESTORE GROUP" 
       will appear beneath the Deselect All sub function.  This will 
       restore the group as it was previously in case of a mistaken 
       command.



8.4 COMBINE

    The COMBINE functions are used to assemble or dilute groups also.  
    Whereas the Group functions create temporary groups, the 
    Combine function creates permanent ones.

    To enter the Combine sub functions, click on the word "COMBINE" on 
    the main menu or press "F8".

    The Combine sub function menu has two options with one parameter as 
    well as the Window View Locator.


    8.41 COMBINE-COMBINE

       The combine sub function builds the group. 

       Begin by selecting all of those elements that you wish 
       included in the group.  They will disappear temporarily as 
       they are selected.

       When you have completed selections follow by clicking on the 
       "Combine" sub function menu item.  The elements will reappear 
       as a group.


     > 8.411 COMBINE/ADD TO GROUP  If you wish to add to the Group, 
       clicking on "ADD TO GROUP" followed by your selections 
       including the group being added to, and finally clicking on 
       "COMBINE" will form the combination or Combined Group. 

       Whenever selections are being made, two additional menu items 
       appear.  "CANCEL" when clicked will abort the entire 
       procedure. 




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       "RESTORE" when clicked will negate the previous selection.


    8.42 COMBINE-SEPARATE

       The Separate sub function dissolves the group as an entity.

       To Separate the Group, select the Group and click on Separate. 



8.5 DIMENSION

    The Dimension function is used to determine and label linear and 
    angular dimensions.

    Enter the DIMENSION function by selecting the "DIMENSION" word on 
    the main menu or pressing "F9".

    Before we discuss the several Dimension sub functional options we 
    will explain the subset of parameters that appear whenever a 
    dimension is requested.

    They are as follows:

     > 8.501 ACCEPT  When a Dimension is requested and sample layout 
       and method are indicated on the screen as well as in this 
       parameter section, if all is as the operator wishes it to be, 
       he would select "ACCEPT" and the Dimension would become 
       permanent.


     > 8.502 CANCEL  If the Dimension is unacceptable and changes 
       available are not desired, then "CANCEL" will restart the 
       entire sequence.


     > 8.503 MOVE DIMENSION  The Move Dimension menu item will 
       redefine the location of the dimension arrows and labels as 
       desired.  The movement is limited however to logical 
       positioning relative to the entity being measured.

       Selection of the "MOVE DIMENSION" item will cause the arrow 
       and label set to follow the cursor until placed. 






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     > 8.504 MOVE LABEL  The Move Label option is used to move the 
       Label only to a desired location.  Selecting "MOVE LABEL" will 
       cause the dimension's Label to follow the cursor until placed.


     > 8.505 INTERNAL/EXTERNAL ARROW  The Internal/External Arrow 
       toggle determines if the dimension arrows are internally 
       pointing at the ends of the dimension or pointing at it from 
       the outside.  The type shown will be the type drawn.


     > 8.506 TEXT EQUALS  The Text Equals item allows the user to 
       specify a label size.  When the "TEXT=" selection is made a 
       size entry is required by either numeric keyboard or other 
       distance facility that appears at the bottom of the menu 
       section.

       The program default text size is 0.1 inches or 0.254 
       centimeters.

       If some other text size is preferred to be used as a default 
       value, it should be entered in the Parameters File as a 
       qualified value.  If the value is unqualified, the value will be 
       understood as a factor of the default unit.

       Note that unless the program's text preference is in Real Text 
       mode, the text as seen is Fast Text, and not what is plotted.  
       The vertical and horizontal half box that surrounds the text is 
       the actual height and length of the text as specified.  The 
       half box will not plot.  Only the text represented will plot or 
       print.


     > 8.507 ARROW EQUALS  The Arrow Equals option allows the user to 
       determine arrow size.  When the "ARROW=" selection is made, a 
       size entry is required by either numeric keyboard or other 
       distance facility that appears at the bottom of the menu 
       section.

       The program default arrow size is 0.1 inches or 0.254 
       centimeters.

       If some other arrow size is preferred to be used as a default 
       value, it should be entered in the Parameters File as a 
       qualified value.  If the value is unqualified, the value will be 
       understood as a factor of the default unit.




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     > 8.508 UNITS SHOWN  The Units Shown option toggles between 
       feet/inches, inches, millimeters, centimeters, meters and 
       kilometers. 

       Whichever distance units qualifier is present will determine 
       the format of the dimension length display.

       The default as displayed is determined in the Parameters File. 


     > 8.509 RESOLUTION EQUALS  The "RESOL.=" menu item when selected 
       allows the operator to pick the extent of accuracy to which a 
       dimension is displayed.  The default unit, as is displayed 
       through this function is determined by the ProCadd Setup 
       Parameters File, which can be changed as described in the 
       Parameter File description located in Appendix D of this manual.

       Clicking on the "RESOL.=" item repeatedly cycles through a 
       selection of tolerances both fractional and decimal.


    8.51 DIMENSION-PARALLEL

       The Parallel sub function of the Dimension menu will establish 
       a linear dimension set parallel to the distance as specified.  

       When the Parallel sub function is activated as evidenced by an 
       asterisk, the operator must only select an element or locate 
       two points, after which a dimension outline will appear.

       This outline can be either modified or accepted by the subset 
       of appliances that appear once the dimension is indicated.


    8.52 DIMENSION-HORIZONTAL

       The Horizontal sub function, when clicked on, and an element is 
       chosen, will define the horizontal distance component of that 
       element.  An outline of the results and sample display will 
       appear for your confirmation.  You can either accept or change 
       it.


    8.53 DIMENSION-VERTICAL

       The Vertical sub function of the Dimension menu instructs 
       ProCadd to calculate the vertical distance component of the 



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       element selected.  First select "VERTICAL" and follow it with 
       the selection of an element.  Then make any necessary 
       modifications or accept it as it is.


    Note that the Parallel, Horizontal or Vertical sub function can 
    measure between two points and not only entities.  When selection 
    of the item to be measured is required, respond with two point 
    locations on the drawing and ProCadd will calculate the distance 
    between them.


    8.54 DIMENSION-ANGULAR

       The Angular sub function defines angular dimensions by 
       degrees.  ProCadd indicates degree by the "^" sign. 

       Since this sub function requires multi positional requests in 
       a specific sequence, we will describe it as a procedure.

       Three positional requests will be made.  The order in which 
       the points are outlined will determine which side of the angle 
       ProCadd measures.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Angular sub function.

  POS -> Step 2. Locate a point on the first wing on the structure to 
         be measured.  The measurement indicating arrows will arc 
         counter-clockwise.  Accordingly if the rightmost wing is 
         chosen first then the arrow will measure upward through the 
         angle. 

         Likewise if the leftmost wing is chosen the label arc will 
         radiate downward about the opposite side of the structure.

  POS -> Step 3. Locate the axis of the angle.

  POS -> Step 4. Locate the other wing upon which the dimension profile 
         will appear for your approval.

       Note that the point on which the first wing is identified will 
       be the indication focus of the dimension arrows.





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       Angular dimensions of points in free space can be had also 
       using the identical procedure only not specifying points on 
       elements.


    8.55 DIMENSION-RADIAL

       The Radial sub function on the Dimension menu is used to 
       measure and label radius components of circles and arcs.

       After choosing the Radial menu item, follow with the selection 
       of the element to be measured.  An outline of the dimension 
       setup will appear for your approval or modification.  The 
       dimension arrow will initially appear pointing in the 
       direction of the point by which the user specified the element 
       to be measured.


    8.56 DIMENSION-LABEL

       The Label sub function is used to assign a label or some 
       descriptive text to some portion of the drawing.

       After choosing the "LABEL" option, select a point on the 
       drawing toward which the Label arrow should point. 

       Notice then how the standard dimension editing features appear 
       so that the user can specify and manipulate the Label text as 
       desired.

       Once all edit options are as preferred, enter the text.  As 
       entered it will be mirrored at the bottom of the screen.

       As with the dimension options, select "ACCEPT" when finished.

       If an arrow only is desired, it is accomplished by completing 
       the Label sequence without entering any text.


    8.57 DIMENSION-ARC LENGTH

       The Arc Length sub function is used to measure the 
       circumfrential component of a circle or arc.

       Select the "ARC LENGTH" menu item and follow with the 
       selection of an element to be measured.  The outline will 
       appear for modification or approval.



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8.6 TEXT

    The TEXT function assists in the creation of text as needed.  The 
    text can be edited, sized, spaced, colored, rotated, or styled.

    Enter the Text function menu by clicking on the word "TEXT" or 
    pressing "F10".

    The Text menu includes two sub functions followed by a group of 
    text editing parameters. 

    The parameters manipulating the attributes of color and width as 
    well as layer designation are available.

    After that are the Window View Locator and the facilities section.


    8.61 TEXT-EDIT/INSERT

       When Editing existing text select the Edit/Insert sub 
       function. 

       Begin to Edit by pointing to the text to be edited.  The text 
       will appear at the bottom of the screen confirming the edit. 
       The attributes menu items will be automatically changed to 
       reflect the characteristics of the text in question.  These 
       can be changed to suit the operator by pointing to the item 
       and inputting new values. 

       During modification, the outline of the text will alter 
       indicating specified location and orientation. 

       Once complete, pressing enter will confirm the operation.

       In order to Insert new text, the same process is used except 
       that instead of pointing at existing text, the user points out 
       a new location.

       The text characteristic variables are listed and described 
       below.


     > 8.611 FAST/REAL TEXT - Clicking on this menu item toggles the 
       current selection between Fast and Real text.  Fast text is 
       either just an outline of the text to be plotted indicating 





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       actual height and length or if large enough, a display of the 
       text will appear in standard text mode inside the outline of 
       the actual text.

       Real Text is an actual Real Scaled representation of the 
       text as saved on the drawing including font type and style.  
       Normally when using ProCadd and especially when a large 
       drawing is current, the Real Text mode would only be used as a 
       confirmation or visual tool.

       Because of the taxation of the computer's resources required 
       to display Real Text, it is advantageous to keep this menu 
       item toggled normally to Fast mode.


     > 8.612 SIZE EQUALS - Clicking on "SIZE=" will call for a value 
       to be the new text height. 

       The program default text size is 0.1 inches or 0.254 
       centimeters.  If some other text size is preferred to be used as 
       a default value, it should be entered in the Parameters File as 
       a qualified value.  If the value is unqualified, the value will 
       be understood as a factor of the default unit.


     > 8.613 ROTATION EQUALS - The "ROTATION=" variable orients the 
       radiated direction of the text in question.  A direction 
       request by numeric entry or rose indication will alter the 
       text's orientation.


     > 8.614 SPACING EQUALS - Pointing to the "SPACING=" item will 
       prompt a line spacing request.  Enter a value to be understood
       as a measure of the default units of measure depending on 
       whether the program is operating in U.S. or metric mode.

       The default spacing is valued at the text size times a factor 
       of 1.6667. 

       When entering multiple lines of text and the first line is 
       confirmed by pressing "enter", the cursor will Space down the 
       value as input at this variable and be ready to receive the 
       next line's text.







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     > 8.615 LEFT/CENTER/RIGHT JUSTIFIED - The menu items "LEFT" and 
       "CENTER" and "RIGHT" toggled when pointed to and followed by 
       "JUSTIFIED" indicate a method of alignment for the text as 
       entered.

       Left text will extend to the right of the location point.  
       Right text similarly to the left and Center text will extend 
       equally in both directions as entered.


     > 8.616 FONT EQUALS - There are two fonts available to the 
       ProCadd user in the standard program.  In the "FONT=" variable 
       a "0" or a "1" can be entered to choose between them.

       If the user wishes to define additional fonts it can be done 
       by referring to Appendix B and placing the font file into the 
       /CAD650/fonts directory. 


     > 8.617 NORMAL/BOLD/ITALIC/UNDERLINE - These items will toggle 
       in rotation when clicked on.  The text styles of "NORMAL", 
       "BOLD", "ITALIC" and "UNDERLINE" will alter and establish 
       the text style to be plotted. 


    8.62 TEXT-MOVE TEXT

       The Move Text menu item when pointed at is used to reposition 
       text on the drawing.

       This is performed by first selecting the menu item Move Text 
       and then pointing to the text to be moved and dragging it to 
       it's desired position.



8.7 SECTION

    The Section function allows the user to enter section lines in a 
    defined boundary.

    As well as sectioning an area, the Section function can be used as 
    a "fill" function to fill in or shade and color an area.

    Enter the Section function menu subset by pointing and clicking on 
    the word "SECTION" or by pressing "F11".  If your key board does 
    not support "F11", then "ALT-F7" will substitute.



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    The Section function menu has at the top three methods or options 
    used to identify the boundaries of the area to be sectioned.

    Below these are three commands used to draw the section lines or 
    retract boundary specifications.

    Then there are two variables used to clarify section line spacing 
    and section line direction.

    Finally the attribute selection area and the Window View Locator 
    are included followed by the facilities section.


    8.71 SECTION-ADD ENTITY/ELEMENT/POINT

       These three boundary selection identifiers are in use when an 
       asterisk appears by the one clicked on. 

       The Entity identifier when used selects entities.  When the 
       entity is clicked on it will be highlighted. 

       The Element identifier likewise selects elements to be used as 
       boundaries.  They also will be highlighted upon selection.

       The Add Point selection device chains together multiple point 
       locations in order to create the boundary to be sectioned. 
       Lines appear between the points to assist the operator in 
       location but upon completion they will disappear.


    8.72 SECTION-FILL/CANCEL ALL/LAST

       Upon completion of the desired boundary area or areas, the 
       "FILL" command will section the area as identified.

       If modifications to the boundary area are needed prior to 
       execution of sectioning, "CANCEL LAST" will remove the 
       preceding boundary selection or "CANCEL ALL" will remove all 
       boundary selections.


    8.73 SECTION-DIRECTION/DISTANCE

       The Direction and Distance variable requests are used to 
       select rotational direction of the sectioning lines as well as 
       the spacing distance between them. 




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       When the user clicks on the Direction variable item a 
       direction input is required either by rose selection, numeric 
       vector input, or selection of a like element on the drawing 
       who's direction can be emulated. 

       When the user clicks on the Distance variable item a distance 
       input is required.  Enter the distance desired between each 
       section line.

       When in metric mode, this entry will represent a centimeter
       measurement and when in U.S mode, an inch measurement will
       be assumed.



8.8 DELETE

    The DELETE function removes elements or entities from the drawing.

    Access the Delete function by selecting the main menu item "DELETE" 
    or by pressing "F12".  If your keyboard does not support "F12" then 
    pressing "ALT-F8" will substitute.

    The sole item on the Delete menu is the Window View Locator. 

    To Delete an entity just click on the entity.

    Once the entity is removed the command Restore will appear on the 
    menu. 

    Clicking on "RESTORE" will reverse the previous action and restore 
    the entity previously deleted.


















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9.0 SPECIAL DRAWING FUNCTIONS
*****************************


9.1 ROTATE

    The Rotate function allows the user to Rotate or Mirror any entity 
    or group of entities.

    Enter the Rotate function menu by clicking on "ROTATE" or pressing 
    "SHIFT-F1".

    The Rotate menu will appear with two sub functions, namely Rotate 
    and Mirror, followed by a direction variable entry item.

    Then there are the customary Window View Locator and the facilities 
    section.


    9.11 ROTATE-ROTATE

	



       This sub function assists the operator in rotating an entity 
       by a known angle or relative to another angle and around any 
       center.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Rotate sub function from the Rotate menu 
         section.  An asterisk will appear at the Rotate menu item as 
         notice of it's selection.

  POS -> Step 2. Select the entity or group of entities.  The point by 
         which you select the object will be the center around which 
         the object will be rotated. 

  POS -> Step 2a If a center of rotation other than on the object is 
         required, select the "NEW CENTER" menu item and position a new 
         center point.

  DIR -> Step 3. Through rose selection or numeric input specify an 
         angle of rotation.




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       Assuming that the menu item "BEG ANGLE" is zero degrees, the 
       object will then rotate in a counter-clockwise direction around 
       the center as specified, to an angle relative to it's original 
       position by that angle.

       If rotation relative to another entity is required an 
       alternate value can be entered for the Beginning Angle. 
       Select "BEG ANGLE" and enter a numeric angle or pick an angle 
       based on the drawing by positioning two points on the screen. 

       ProCadd will determine the angle of the direction of an 
       imaginary line between the points from the first to the second. 


    9.12 ROTATE-MIRROR

       The Mirror sub function allows the entity or group of entities 
       in question to be manipulated such that the image is reversed 
       or Mirrored about an axial direction as specified.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Mirror sub function.

  DIR -> Step 2. Select the "MIR.ANG." item on the menu and specify the 
         direction of the axis around which the object will be 
         mirrored.  If the angle is part of the object or some other 
         part of the drawing, then choose two points on that axis and 
         ProCadd will display the correct angle.

  POS -> Step 3. Select a mirroring point which can be anywhere on the 
         drawing through which the mirroring axis will pass and around 
         which the image of the object will reverse itself.

  POS -> Step 4. Pick the object to be mirrored by selecting any point 
         on that object.

       Upon selection of the entity being mirrored it will disappear 
       from it's current position and reappear opposite and 
       equidistant as relative the axis as specified.









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9.2 SCALE

    The Scale function is used to enlarge or reduce the size of any 
    entity or group of entities.  This is not the viewed size but the 
    actual size.

    Enter the Scale menu by selecting the word "SCALE" from the main 
    menu or by pressing "SHIFT-F2" from anywhere within ProCadd.

         Procedure
         =========

  POS -> Step 1. Select the entity or group to be manipulated.

  POS -> Step 1a If the position of the point selecting the entity to 
         be manipulated is not the center about which the rescaled size 
         of the entity is to center, then select "NEW CENTER" on the 
         menu and position a New Center point. 

  DIST-> Step 2. Specify a distance either by keyboard entry or by use 
         of one of the distance facilities at the bottom of the menu 
         section.  This value will be the first or current value in the 
         ratio dictating the size adjustment.

  DIST-> Step 3. Specify the second distance required to complete the 
         ratio of change by use of keyboard or other facility.  A 
         smaller value than the previous step will reduce the entity 
         size.  A larger value will increase the entity size.



9.3 TRANSLATE

    The Translate function is a combination of several previously 
    described functions.  The Translate function will copy, rotate, 
    scale and mirror an entity or group all at the same time.

    To enter the Translate function menu, click on "TRANSLATE" or press 
    the "SHIFT-F3" key or keys.

    The Translate function menu has three parameter variables 
    controlling scaling, mirroring and rotation.  Following are four 
    sub options allowing recentering as well as repeat options and 
    translation formats.






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    9.31 TRANSLATE-SCALE EQUALS

       Set the Scale component of the Translate function.  Select the 
       "SCALE=" menu item and follow with two distance entries which 
       will represent the scaling ratio of the function. 

       If no change in size is required then set the scale to one.


    9.32 TRANSLATE-ROTATION EQUALS

       Set the Rotation component of the Translate function.  Select 
       the "ROTATION=" menu item and enter a Rotation angle which 
       will affect the object in a counter-clockwise direction for a 
       positive entry.

       If no rotation is required then set this variable to zero.


    9.33 TRANSLATE-MIRROR EQUALS

       Set the Mirror component of the Translate function.  Select 
       the "MIRROR=" menu item and enter a Mirror axis direction 
       which will determine the perspective of the mirrored image.

       If no Mirrored image is required then set this variable to 
       zero.


    9.34 DRAG BOX/ALL

       The Drag Box or Drag All option determines whether the ghost 
       following the placement of the entity or group being 
       translocated is a boxed outline of the entity or an image of 
       the entity itself. 

       If the entity is a complicated subject then it may tax 
       your computer's resources in managing duplication of the image 
       as it moves across the screen and therefore may slow the 
       operator down or misrepresent the entities intended location so 
       when the box option is used a simple outline represents the 
       more complicated image and therefore is more easily moved.

       Toggle between Drag Box and Drag All as necessary.

    In order to use the Translate function, begin by selecting the 
    object or object group to be manipulated.  The point by which the 



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    object is chosen becomes the placement reference point for the 
    copy, as well as the center for the scale, rotation and mirroring. 

    If a New Center is required for scale, rotate, and/or mirror then 
    after selecting the object, click on "NEW CENTER" and point out the 
    New Center as desired.

    Drag the ghost copy of the object being copied and place it as 
    necessary.  The permanent copy will appear upon placement, 
    referenced by it's drag point and manipulated as the variable 
    parameters have dictated.

    A "REPEAT" option is available to make identical copies relative to 
    the previous copy as the previous copy was relative to the 
    original.

    A "BRING OTHERS" option also appears after the original 
    translation.  When clicked on and followed by selection of 
    alternate elements, those elements will be treated identically as 
    was the original.



9.4 ATTRIBUTES

    The Attributes function section of ProCadd allows the operator to 
    change the physical properties of elements within the drawing.

    To enter the Attributes menu, click on "ATTRIBUTES", or press 
    "SHIFT-F4".

    The Attributes menu has six sub functions used to evaluate or 
    change various properties of specific elements of a drawing.

    These are followed by the Attributes status area which works in 
    conjunction with the sub functions above.

    Also the Window View Locator is present and finally the facilities 
    section.


    9.41 ATTRIBUTES-ENQUIRE

       The Enquire sub function of the Attributes section is used to 
       qualify the current display status of elements of a drawing.





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       Select the "ENQUIRE" sub function and then the element in 
       question.

       The Attribute status section of the menu will then display the 
       properties of that element.


    9.42 ATTRIBUTES-SET LAYER

       The Set Layer sub function is used to reassign layer status to 
       a given element or entity.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the "LAYER" sub function and only the layer 
         selection portion of the Attributes display section will 
         appear.

      -> Step 2. Alter the layer to the desired result by cycling up or 
         down with the "+" or "-" signs.

  POS -> Step 3. Select the element to be modified and it will be 
         changed.

       If more than one element requires the same property, repeated 
       selection of alternate elements will change them as well.

       If a mistake is made then clicking on the "RESTORE" command 
       will reverse the previous action. 


    9.43 ATTRIBUTES-SET WIDTH

       The Set Width sub function is used to alter element width.

       Line widths are assigned to the width selection numbers in the 
       Plot section of ProCadd. (See PLOT - Section 10.23)

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the "WIDTH" sub function.  Only the Width 
         portion of the status area will then appear.

         (procedure continued next page)




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      -> Step 2. Alter the current width up or down to the desired 
         point.

  POS -> Step 3. Select the object element to be modified.

       If similar changes are required for other elements or entities, 
       select them next.

       The "RESTORE" menu item will reverse the previous selection.


    9.44 ATTRIBUTES-SET STRUCTURE

       The Set Structure sub function of the Attributes menu is used 
       to select the line structure type of the element in question.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the "STRUCTURE" menu item.  The line structure 
         property status will appear in the Attribute status area. 

      -> Step 2. Cycle through the eight status options by clicking on 
         the sample line element in the status area.  The options are 
         assigned in the Plot function menu. (See Plot - Section 10.22)

  POS -> Step 3. Select the object element to be altered.

         Select repeated elements to be changed similarly if desired.

       The "RESTORE" menu command will return the previous elements 
       to their previous status. 


    9.45 ATTRIBUTES-SET COLOR

       The Set Color sub function on the Attributes is used to select 
       the color of the element in question.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the "COLOR" menu item.  The color status bar 
         will appear in the Attributes status area.

         (procedure continued next page)




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      -> Step 2. Cycle through the color selections by clicking on the 
         plus or minus signs along side the color bar and stopping on 
         the desired color.

      -> Step 3. Select each element to be changed to the chosen color.

       The "RESTORE" menu item will reverse the previous action.


    9.46 ATTRIBUTES-SET ALL

       The Set All sub function operates as do all of the individual 
       Attribute sub functions except that this one alters more than 
       one at a time.  Each item in the status area must be as 
       desired because when the element to be modified is selected, 
       each property of the element will be altered to be consistent 
       with the status area variables.

       First select the "SET ALL" sub function, set the properties 
       and finally select the element or elements to be modified.



9.5 ELLIPSE

    The Ellipse function used in the creation of ellipses has several 
    sub functions. 

    Enter the Ellipse group of sub functions menu by clicking on the 
    word "ELLIPSE" or press "SHIFT-F5".

    On the Ellipse menu there are four sub functions with options for 
    the first sub function as well as slope and ratio parameters.

    Beneath the sub functions follow the Attributes section, the Window 
    View Locator and the facilities section.


    9.51 ELLIPSE-ELLIPSE

       An Ellipse is a circle that is not round.  First we must 
       determine the ratio of the length versus the breadth of the 
       ellipse and then we must indicate the desired orientation.







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       Point and click on the "RATIO" parameter.  This will then 
       require two distance entries.  The relationship between these 
       two entries will determine the shape of the ellipse.

       An entry of "2" followed by an entry of "1" will create an 
       ellipse twice as long as it is wide and will be displayed as a 
       ratio of 2.00.

       Point and click on the "SLOPE" parameter.  This will require a 
       direction entry that will determine the ellipse's orientation. 

       This ellipse's axis which is along the longest possible 
       dimension within the ellipse will arrange itself at the slope 
       as specified.


     > 9.511 ELLIPSE/CENTER/POINT  The Center Point option of the 
       Ellipse sub function assists in the creation of ellipses by 
       first picking the center and following with a point on the 
       perimeter.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the "CTR/PT" option of the Ellipse sub 
         function.

  POS -> Step 2. Locate a center position for the ellipse being 
         created.

  POS -> Step 3. Locate a perimeter position point for the ellipse.

       Note that the orientation of the ellipse is not affected by 
       the perimeter location.  The ellipse will be drawn a whatever 
       size is necessary to accommodate both the slope parameter and 
       the perimeter point.


     > 9.512 ELLIPSE/CENTER/RATIO/ROTATION  The Center Ratio Rotation 
       option of the Ellipse sub function allows the user to create 
       an ellipse by specifying the center, the actual major and 
       minor radial values and the rotation or orientation angle.








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         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the "CTR/RAT/ROT" option of the Ellipse sub 
         function.

  POS -> Step 2. Locate a center position for the ellipse being 
         created.

  DIST-> Step 3. Enter by numeric entry or by use of one of the 
         facilities at the bottom of the menu both a major and a minor 
         radius measurement.  Two separate entries are required.

  DIR -> Step 4. Enter the rotation direction that the ellipse should 
         be oriented to.  Enter this variable either by rose or numeric 
         angle.


    9.52 ELLIPSE-CONCENTRIC

       The Concentric sub function of the Ellipse menu creates 
       multiple ellipses with the same center.

       This Concentric sub function makes use of the presettable 
       slope and ratio variables.

       Point and click on the "RATIO" parameter.  This will then 
       require two distance entries.  The relationship between these 
       two entries will determine the shape of the ellipse.

       An entry of "2" followed by an entry of "1" will create an 
       ellipse twice as long as it is wide.

       Point and click on the "SLOPE" parameter.  This will require a 
       direction entry that will determine the ellipse's orientation.  

       This ellipse's axis which is along the longest possible 
       dimension within the ellipse will arrange itself at the slope 
       as specified.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Concentric sub function.

         (procedure continued next page)




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  POS -> Step 2. Locate a center position for the concentric ellipses.

  POS -> Step 3. Locate a perimeter point.

       The ellipse will be drawn upon entry of the perimeter point.  
       If the currently displayed slope and ratio are acceptable 
       continue on to the second concentric circle by locating a 
       perimeter point for the second and repeat until finished.


    9.53 ELLIPSE-ARC

       The Arc sub function of the Ellipse function menu allows the 
       user to create elliptic arcs by specifying a center and two 
       endpoints.

       This Arc sub function makes use of the presettable slope and 
       ratio variables.

       Point and click on the "RATIO" parameter.  This will then 
       require two distance entries.  The relationship between these 
       two entries will determine the shape of the ellipse.

       An entry of "2" followed by an entry of "1" will create an 
       ellipse twice as long as it is wide.

       Point and click on the "SLOPE" parameter.  This will require a 
       direction entry that will determine the ellipse's orientation.  

       This ellipse's axis which is along the longest possible 
       dimension within the ellipse will arrange itself at the slope 
       as specified.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the "ARC" sub function.

  POS -> Step 2. Locate the radiant center of the arc being created.

  POS -> Step 3. Locate a point to be the beginning point of the 
         elliptic arc to be drawn.  Keep in mind that the arc will be 
         drawn in a counter-clockwise direction so the endpoint which 
         is specified first matters. 

  POS -> Step 4. Establish the ending endpoint of the arc.




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       Once the second endpoint has been established the arc will be 
       drawn.


    9.54 ELLIPSE-MODIFY

       The Modify sub function is used to modify ellipses or 
       elliptical arcs.

       Note that when placing new endpoints for the arcs, the 
       endpoints should be specified in a counter-clockwise manner.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the "MODIFY" sub function of the Ellipse menu.

  POS -> Step 2. Select the element to be modified.  The location of 
         the selection point on the element does not matter.

  POS -> Step 3. Locate the first new endpoint on the object arc.

  POS -> Step 4. Locate the other new endpoint on the object arc.

       The arc will be then be drawn in a counter clockwise fashion 
       from the first to the second point.



9.6 SPLINE

    The Spline function enables the operator to draw or modify complex 
    curves by selecting a series of points.  The spline line will be 
    drawn through the path of points as specified with a logical 
    curving shape.

    Since spline curves are not simply mathematically defined but are 
    more for appearance, they can be modified or shaped rather than 
    requiring them to be totally redefined.

    Enter the Spline set of sub functions by pointing to the main menu 
    item "SPLINE" or by pressing "SHIFT-F6".

    The Spline menu has five sub functions used to create and modify 
    Splines.





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    Also on the menu are the Attribute status area, Window View 
    Locator, and the facilities section.


    9.61 SPLINE-NEW SPLINE

       The New Spline sub function allows the user to create a spline 
       by defining two or more points.

       If a mistake is made while points are being defined, the 
       previous point can be removed by clicking on "DELETE LAST".

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the "NEW SPLINE" sub function from the Spline 
         function menu.

  POS -> Step 2. Locate the beginning point of the spline curve.

  POS -> Step 3. Locate the second and any further points to be used to 
         define the spline curve. 

      -> Step 4. Click on "DRAW SPLINE".

       The spline will be drawn from the first point defined to the 
       last and will intersect all points between.


    9.62 SPLINE-ADD POINT

       The Add Point sub function allows the operator to modify a 
       spline so that the shape may be defined more precisely by 
       inserting an additional point into the spline point path.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the "ADD POINT" sub function.

  POS -> Step 2. Select the spline element to which a point is to be 
         added.  The location of the identifying point is not of 
         consequence. 

         Upon selection of the spline, the existing points will appear.

         (procedure continued next page)



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  POS -> Step 3. Position the new point to be added.  The location 
         should be between two existing points so that ProCadd can 
         identify it's order within the spline point path.

       Upon placement of the new point, the spline will be re drawn.  
       If the point being added is an endpoint or if the point to be 
       added is radically out of line with the existing curve, then 
       use "MOVE POINT" after placing the added point in a logical 
       path. 


    9.63 SPLINE-DELETE POINT

       The Delete Point sub function allows the user to modify a 
       spline by deleting a point from the group that define that 
       spline.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the "DELETE POINT" sub function.

  POS -> Step 2. Select the spline from which the point will be 
         deleted.  The position of the point identifying the spline 
         does not matter.  Once the spline has been selected the 
         existing points will appear for reference.

  POS -> Step 3. Point out the point to be deleted and it will 
         disappear and the spline will be re drawn.


    9.64 SPLINE-MOVE POINT

       The Move Point sub function allows the user to reshape a 
       spline by relocating one of it's identifying points.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the "MOVE POINT" sub function.

  POS -> Step 2. Select the spline which is to be modified.  The 
         location of the point selecting the spline is not important. 
         The existing points will appear upon selection of the spline.

         (procedure continued next page)




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  POS -> Step 3. Click on the point which is to be moved.

  POS -> Step 4. Position the object point at it's new desired 
         location.

       Once the new location is defined, the spline will redraw.


    9.65 SPLINE-ENDPOINT SLOPE

       The Endpoint Slope sub function is used when a specific slope 
       is required at either endpoint of the spline.  This is useful 
       when a spline element must make a smooth transition to another 
       element.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the "ENDPOINT SLOPE" sub function.

  POS -> Step 2. Select the spline to be modified by specifying a point 
         on the spline.

  POS -> Step 3. Select the endpoint to be modified.  If an endpoint is 
         not defined, then the endpoint nearest to the point used to 
         identify the spline will be assumed.

  DIR -> Step 4. Define a slope that the endpoint is to orient to by 
         rose, point entry or numeric angle input.

       Once the direction has been determined, the spline will be re 
       drawn with it's new endpoint slope.



9.7 FILLET

    The Fillet function provides the ability to draw a fillet curve at 
    the actual or extended intersection of two lines.  The fillet may 
    be of any radius.  The lines are automatically modified to end at a 
    point of tangency with the fillet curve where it begins and ends.

    Enter the Fillet function menu by selecting the word "FILLET" at 
    the main function menu or by pressing "SHIFT-F7".






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    The menu contains a Radius dimension variable as well as the 
    Attributes section, the Window View Locator and the facilities 
    section.

         Procedure
         =========

  DIST-> Step 1. Specify the radius of the Fillet curve by clicking on 
         the "RADIUS" menu item and entering a suitable measurement.

         The radius dimension will be qualified as the default units 
         of measure depending on the current operation of the program.

         If in metric mode the radial measurement will be in 
         centimeters and when in U.S. mode the default will be inches.

  POS -> Step 2. Select the first of the intersecting lines to which 
         the Fillet will connect.  The point of selection although 
         itself is not important must be on a portion of the line that 
         is being retained.

  POS -> Step 3. Select the other intersecting line to which the fillet 
         curve will connect.  This point of selection must also be on a 
         portion being retained.

       If the two lines selected are parts of the same entity, the 
       resulting fillet curve will also become a part of that entity. 
       If however, the two lines are separate entities, the fillet 
       will be a separate element on the current layer.

       Any intersecting lines can be connected with a suitable fillet 
       curve.  The radius specified must be of a size appropriate for 
       the space allowed between the lines.  Parallel lines cannot be 
       used. 



9.8 PORTS

    The Ports function creates sole points of attachment on elements or 
    entities.  When a Port is assigned to an entity, any effort to 
    attach a point to that entity will result in attachment to the 
    entity at that Port.

    If a Port is selected on an entity, the Port becomes part of 
    that entity.




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    If the Port is selected freely within the drawing and not on an 
    entity, then the port will be an entity itself which can be 
    Combined to become part of an entity if desired.

    In other words, a Port for an entity does not have to be on that 
    entity.

    Ports remain visible on the drawing screen but will not be plotted.

    To enter Ports, go to the Ports menu by clicking on the word 
    "PORTS" or press "SHIFT-F8".

    Once at the Ports menu position, the Port or Ports as necessary.

    Once a Port is established on an entity, the Port can be temporally 
    disabled but toggling the Ports position facility to "PORTS OFF".

    If multiple ports are desired, the "PORTS OFF" must be toggled to 
    at one of the drawing functions.  When Port restrictions are 
    enabled, once the first port has been selected, then it is the only 
    point of assignment available.





























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10.0 UTILITIES
**************


10.1 DRAWING FILES

    The Drawing Files section of ProCadd is available to the ProCadd 
    user for Drawing File storage, maintenance and retrieval.

    The Structure of File storage is within the \DRAWINGS directory.  
    When directories are created, they are done so within the structure 
    or directory as is current on the screen.

    When the DRAWINGS directory is displayed, clicking on a XXXX.<DIR> 
    will cause that directory to be displayed.

    When in the XXXX directory, clicking on the ".. <DIR>" parent 
    directory will return up the tree one step to the DRAWINGS 
    directory. 

    The Drawing Files menu section is entered by clicking on the main 
    menu item "DRAWING FILES" or by pressing "SHIFT-F9".

    Listed throughout Drawing Files routines, are currently specified 
    files and directories in a format beginning from left to right and 
    including in the first column the file name with the extension.  
    Second is the drawing number.  Third is the revision number and 
    finally the description.

    The Drawing Files menu section has several options and descriptive 
    variables that appear and disappear as appropriate with the 
    activation the various sub functions.

    These are:

     > 10.101 SORT BY NAME/DATE/ASCENDING/DESCENDING/NO SORT  The 
       display parameter actually has three sort type variables. 
       The first is toggled by clicking on the "SORT" portion of the 
       parameter.  The files will either be sorted according to the 
       remaining variables or in the case of "NO SORT", be displayed 
       in directory order.  

       Secondly clicking on the "NAME" or "DATE" sort type will 
       toggle between the two and determine the sorted item criteria. 






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       Finally sorting can be in "ASCENDING" or "DESCENDING" order.  
       Clicking on this portion of the variable string will toggle 
       between the two.


     > 10.102 FIND/FIND NEXT  The Find option searches throughout all 
       directories and sub directories for any files meeting the 
       criteria as specified.  The search is conducted throughout the 
       current directory and any sub directories within it.  When 
       Find is used Find Next will appear beneath it.  Once the first 
       match is located, the find routine will proceed with the 
       search when Find Next is selected.


     > 10.103 FILTER/NO FILTER  When browsing through drawing files, 
       the files as displayed can be limited to certain criteria by 
       specifying that criteria and toggle the Filter/No Filter to No 
       Filter. 

       When the filter is on and the user is in "GET FILE", the default
       search criteria is "*.*".  Only ProCadd drawing files will be
       displayed for selection.

       The No Filter option allows for a complete display of the 
       current directories contents.


     > 10.104 CURRENT PATH  The Current Path determines or represents 
       the file area being displayed in the display area below.  The 
       Current Path can be altered by manually entering the 
       [drive]:\[dir]\[dir] or the Current Path will automatically be 
       displayed when the directory tree is moved through by mouse.  
       Clicking on a directory will take you to that directory and 
       clicking on the ".." parent directory sign will back you out. 
       In addition, clicking on the actual path specification will 
       move the display to that portion of the tree path at which the 
       mouse was clicked.


     > 10.105 FILE NAME  The File Name is the unique DOS file name 
       with up to eight characters followed by an extension of three.  
       Depending on user preference the file name can be user 
       generated or ProCadd generated.  The option of flexible entry 
       or ProCadd generated names is decided by a setting in the 
       parameter file which you can edit by referring to Appendix D - 
       Parameter File Definitions.  When auto generation is active, 




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       the specification of the Drawing Number and the Revision 
       Number will cause ProCadd to assign a File Name.  The File 
       Name will be derived from up to the first ten characters of 
       the Drawing Number represented by the first eight being the 
       file and the other two being the first two of the extension.  

       The final character, or the third character of the extension 
       will be the first character of the Revision Number.


     > 10.106 DRAWING NUMBER  The Drawing Number which is chosen by 
       the user can be any combination of up to fifteen alphanumeric 
       characters long.  The Drawing number must be unique or it will 
       overwrite an existing file.


     > 10.107 REVISION NUMBER  The Revision Number is a two character 
       designation.  If a drawing is retrieved and modified, it may 
       be advantageous to assign a following consecutive Revision 
       Number upon it's resaving.  A unique Revision number will not 
       prevent the original file's destruction.  A common Drawing 
       Number with a different Revision Number will cause the 
       original file to be overwritten when the new revision is 
       saved.


     > 10.108 DESCRIPTION  The Description field is an area where the 
       user can identify a drawing with text.  Up to sixty characters 
       of text can be entered and will be displayed when browsed.


    10.11 DRAWING FILES-NEW DRAWING

       The New Drawing sub function is used to remove the current 
       active drawing and begin a new one.

       Select the "NEW DRAWING" sub function and a blank drawing 
       screen will indicate that the objective has been performed.

       Upon selection of a New Drawing, the toggle "U.S. UNITS" or
       ""METRIC UNITS" will appear.  The currently displayed option
       reflects the active file format of the previous drawing.

       Changing to an alternate mode will determine the format of the
       drawing as it will be saved only and will not alter the 
       current user unit status.




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       If by selecting a New File, an important drawing has been lost, 
       it can at this point be recalled by clicking on "RESTORE".


    10.12 DRAWING FILES-GET DRAWING

       The Get Drawing sub function is used to retrieve drawings from 
       the archive directories.

       Select the "GET DRAWING" sub function from the Drawing Files 
       function menu.

       Use "*.*" for the File Name variable and a complete list of 
       files will be displayed in the current directory.  If there 
       are more than will fit on the current screen then press "NEXT 
       PAGE" and the display will scroll forward.  "PREVIOUS PAGE" 
       will scroll back. 

       Select the desired file and it will highlight confirming it's 
       selection.  The command "GET DRAWING" will appear at the 
       bottom of the screen.  Click on it and the drawing indicated 
       will be retrieved.


    10.13 DRAWING FILES-COMBINE DRAWING

       Once a drawing is currently active, ProCadd can use the 
       Combine Drawing sub function to recall an additional drawing 
       and overlay it upon the first.

       Use the current drawing or retrieve a drawing from the library 
       to be the first of two drawings to be combined.  Select the 
       Combine Drawing sub function and operate it the same as the 
       Get Drawing sub function by pointing out the file of interest 
       to be combined and click on "COMBINE DRAWING" at the bottom of 
       the screen.

       The second drawing will be combined with the first.  Initially 
       the second drawing will be displayed as a single Group until 
       accepted by moving on to another ProCadd function.


    10.14 DRAWING FILES-SAVE DRAWING

       The Save Drawing function allows the operator to store 
       drawings or Groups from within a drawing for later reference. 
       (See Group - Section 8.3)



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       When saving a drawing or group, the user can assign a name, 
       number and revision to the current drawings being saved.

       If desired as described in Section 10.105, ProCadd will derive 
       a File Number from the Drawing Number and Revision. 

       If the drawing being stored is an updated version of a drawing 
       previously retrieved, then normally a new revision number would 

       be assigned to it and when stored as ProCadd will warn you, 
       the original will be overwritten.

       The original drawing's identity will be displayed as a 
       reference for you to note.

       A unique Drawing Number causes non destructive storage but a 
       unique Revision Number will overwrite a drawing with a like 
       Drawing Number.

       When you save your drawing, the Entity File is copied in it's 
       current status to a place and file name as directed.  If the 
       file name already exists, then the file being overwritten is 
       renamed to [filename].bak.

       The user must determine where the drawing is to be stored.  
       Moving through the directory structure within the Drawings 
       directory will display their contents.  The Drawing will be 
       saved in the current directory as displayed.

       When the drawing being saved has been satisfactorily 
       identified for storage and the directory location is present, 
       clicking on "SAVE DRAWING" at the bottom of the screen will 
       initiate storage.

       If there is an active Group then the information "ONLY THE 
       GROUP WILL BE SAVED" will be displayed at the bottom of the 
       screen.


    10.15 DRAWING FILES-DELETE FILE

       Drawing Files can be deleted as necessary by selecting the 
       Delete sub function.

       Once at the Delete sub function section, the files in the 
       current directory will be listed.  The directory can be 




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       changed or if the object for deletion is in the current 
       directory, it can be identified by pointing it out at which 
       time it will be highlighted for confirmation.

       Clicking on the "DELETE FILE" phrase at the bottom of the 
       screen will complete the action.


    10.16 DRAWING FILES-CREATE DIRECTORY

       The Create Directory sub function is used to create storage 
       area directories where necessary.

       After selecting the Create Directory sub function, move to the
       directory into which a sub directory is to be created.

       Specify the new directory name as will be displayed in the 
       File Name area.

       Click on the "CREATE DIRECTORY" phrase at the bottom of the 
       screen and the action will be complete.


    10.17 DRAWING FILES-DELETE DIRECTORY

       The Delete Directory sub function is used to destroy storage 
       area directories.

       Prior to deletion, the directory must be empty of all files or 
       sub directories.

       In order to delete the object directory, first select the 
       Delete Directory sub function. 

       Then move to the directory to be deleted.

       Finally click on the "DELETE DIRECTORY" phrase at the bottom 
       of the screen.



10.2 PLOT

    The PLOT function outputs the active drawing to a plotter.

    Enter the Plot function menu by selecting "PLOT" on the main 
    function menu or by pressing "SHIFT-F10".



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    The Plot function menu appears on the screen which contains Plot 
    control options available to the user in defining the plot.

    Once all of the options are as desired then "START PLOT" will begin 
    the drawing.

    The plot can be interrupted by pressing any function key.

    Only the active Layers will be plotted and likewise if there is an 
    active Group as a warning will inform the user "ONLY THE GROUP WILL 
    BE PLOTTED".

    The Plot control variables are described below.


    10.21 PEN COLOR SELECTION

       The color samples as displayed on the screen represent the 
       colors as available to the user when drawings are created.

       The number of colors available is determined by the Parameters 
       file in the Session directory and is default set to the maximum 
       sixteen.  If for administrational purposes, the program should 
       limit users to a lesser selection, the availability can be 
       altered.  See the Parameters File Definitions - Appendix D.

       The Pen Color Section allows the user to assign the output 
       colors from the drawing to pen numbers of the plotter.

       To assign pen numbers to drawing colors simply select the 
       color and enter the pen number.

       If your plotter is multi penned then ProCadd will 
       automatically select a new pen as they have been assigned to 
       the drawing.

       If your plotter is a single pen plotter and multiple colors 
       have been selected, ProCadd will plot only pen one first. 
       Then ProCadd will halt the plot and prompt the user to insert 
       pen color two and so on until all colors have been plotted.

       Note that if a pause is requested between pens, then the 
       plotter driver must be edited to determine this.  See Appendix 
       E for details.


    10.22 LINE STRUCTURE SELECTION



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       Shown in the Line Structure Selection section of the Plot 
       control screen are seven Line Structures.  These structures 
       are the selections available in the Attributes section of 
       various ProCadd drawing functions to create elements with.

       Here in the Plot section is where they are defined.(The 
       defaults are specified in the Parameters File)  If a line 
       structure here is modified then any elements drawn with that
       structure on the current drawing will be modified to the new 
       structure specifications.  Also if any other drawings loaded 
       while that structure position has it's new definition, they will 
       also be modified.

       In this Line Structure Selection section the sample structures 
       are listed with the sample line followed by the description of 
       that structure.  The method of describing a structure is by 
       specifying segment lengths and space lengths until one 
       complete description of the structure cycle has been 
       described.

       For example: .35,.1,.25,.1  This definition describes a 
       structure beginning with a length of .35 followed by a .1 
       space, then a .25 segment and another .1 space. 

       This represents one structure cycle and the line will repeat 
       this cycle throughout it's length.(See Appendix D Parameter 
       File Definitions for exact procedure)

       In order to modify a structure, use the mouse or the arrow 
       keys to move to the structure to be modified.  Then use text 
       entering technique in order to define the new structure with a 
       comma between each length.

       Note that the format and value possibilities have certain 
       limits and these must be followed to correctly define 
       structures.  See Appendix D for exact definitions.

       If the user selects a scaling factor for the plot, the line 
       length will be scaled but the structure specifics will not.
       (See SCALING - Section 10.31)


    10.23 LINE WIDTHS SELECTION

       The Line Widths Selection section is where the operator 
       determines the option specifications of the line widths in the 
       Attributes section and therefore on the plot.



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       Listed in this section there are eight line width selections.  
       These existing default widths are specified in the Parameters 
       File.  See Appendix D for default specifics.  The width 
       selected is the physical width in inches.  Also if the drawing 
       is scaled then the line widths will not be scaled.

       When the settings are altered, any lines drawn with that width 
       selection will be re drawn with the new setting as well as any 
       other drawings loaded from memory.

       Wide lines are plotted by multiple pen strokes.  If a line 
       width is listed as 0.0 then the pen will draw one stroke. 

       To change line widths select the width to be changed with the 
       arrow keys or the mouse and enter the new decimal width value.


    10.24 DEFAULT DRAWING SCALES/SCALE EQUALS/FIT TO PAPER

       This section of Drawing Scales allows the user to predefine 
       and choose from a group of scales to which the drawing will be 
       plotted.  The predefined selections are determined by the 
       Parameter File default settings. (See Appendix D)

       By clicking on the desired preset scale, the plot sizes and 
       scale listed below on the plot menu will change accordingly. 

       If one of these Default Drawing Scales does not suit the user 
       then he can change it at the parameter entitled "SCALE=".  
       Here a value can be entered.  An entry of .10 would determined 
       that the drawing scale would be one tenth.

       The scale can be automatically selected by ProCadd to "best 
       fit" to the paper size as selected by clicking on the menu item 
       "FIT TO PAPER".  This menu item is, since it would be assumed 
       to be most likely used, the default selection.


    10.25 PAPER SIZE/ORIENTATION

       Paper Size for the plot can be defined by selection here.  
       Click on this item and the size selection will cycle through 
       five options being "A" through "E".  







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       The physical paper sizes are as follows:

          A = 8.5" x 11"
          B =  11" x 17"
          C =  17" x 22"
          D =  22" x 34"
          E =  34" x 44"









       The Paper Orientation is toggled between Portrait and 
       Landscape.  Click on this item and select whichever is 
       appropriate.


    10.26 DEVICE

       The Device parameter informs ProCadd of the plotter type to 
       be driven.  A two character plotter designation inserted at 
       the "DEVICE=" position will determine the identity of the 
       device.

       The device drivers are located in the CAD650\Plotters 
       directory.  (See Appendix D for availability of selections.)


    10.27 PLOT SIZE/WIDTH AND HEIGHT

       Once a Scale has been selected, either through one of the 
       preset Default Scales, or by the direct Scale entry, the Plot 
       Width and Plot Height will automatically change, reflecting the 
       actual size that drawing to be plotted will be.  This will 
       assist the user in paper size selection.

       If a specific scaled size is known or required, it can be 
       directly entered and the Scale will automatically adjust to 
       accommodate the size as entered.

       In order to enter a pre determined Plot Height or Plot Width ,
       select the item to be changed and enter the new value.




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    10.28 MARGINS

       The Top, Bottom, Left and Right Margins are selectable by 
       clicking on that item to be changed and entering the new 
       Margin value.

       The default in these variables are determined by entry in the 
       Plotter Driver Files.  See Appendix E for parameter entry and 
       definition.



10.3 DRAWING SET UP

    The Drawing Set Up function allows the user to rescale or adjust 
    the origin of the current drawing.

    Enter the Drawing Set Up menu by clicking on the word "DRAWING" 
    or pressing the "SHIFT-F11" key.  If your keyboard will not 
    support the "F11" key, "ALT-F9" will substitute for "SHIFT-F11".

    Note that scale and origin changes are not permanent.  They are 
    only for the current execution of ProCadd.


    10.31 DRAWING-SET SCALE

       The Set Scale sub function allows the user to scale up or down 
       the current drawing.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Set Scale sub function.

  DIST-> Step 2. Use a distance facility to enter a value to become the 
         first of two in the scaling ratio.

  DIST-> Step 3. Enter the second distance for the scaling ratio.

       The size of the elements in the drawing as they appear on 
       screen will not change, however their measured size will change 
       as the ratio determines.

       Existing dimension descriptions will not change and will have 
       to be re measured if necessary.




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       The current scale status will remain and will affect all 
       drawings until changed or until ProCadd is ended and restarted.


    10.32 DRAWING-SET ORIGIN

       The Set Origin sub function allows the user to reassign the 
       origin or real center of the drawing. 

       The real center is the 0-X,0-Y graphic center of the drawing 
       and may need to be realigned temporally in order to assist the 
       user in working within a specific area of the drawing.

       This change is only temporary and will be reassigned as 
       original when the current execution of ProCadd is ended.  In 
       other words when ProCadd is exited and restarted.



10.4 EXIT

    The Exit function ends the current ProCadd execution.

    Exit by clicking on "EXIT" or pressing "SHIFT-F12".  If your 
    keyboard does not support "F12", pressing "ALT-F10" will 
    substitute for "SHIFT-F12".

    The drawing currently active on the screen will automatically be 
    stored as the Active Drawing and will be reloaded upon re-entering 
    ProCadd.

    The storage of the Active Drawing is not permanent storage in the 
    Drawing Library.  This must be accomplished through the Save 
    Drawing sub function of the Drawing Files function menu.
















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11.0 SYMBOLS AND SYMBOL FILES

Symbols are commonly used graphic representations which can be stored 
in a Symbols Library and recalled and inserted as desired.


11.1 SYMBOLS

    The Symbols menu is available to the ProCadd user at any time and 
    is accessed by pressing "CTRL-F4". 

    The Symbols menu will appear with a set of symbol sub functions 
    useful in the creation, storage, retrieval and deletion of Symbols.

    Beneath these are the options and parameters which appear when 
    applicable and are used to aid the user is manipulating the symbol 
    drawing.

    These assorted options are described as follows:


     > 11.101  SCALE EQUALS - At the Scale Equals variable the user 
       can determine at which scale the Symbol in question will be 
       inserted in the drawing.  The Symbol is saved in a size as it 
       was originally drawn and may need to be sized for the current 
       application.

       Upon selecting the Scale Equals item two distance requests 
       should follow representing a ratio to affect the symbol when 
       inserted.


     > 11.102  ROTATION EQUALS - The Rotation variable allows the 
       operator to enter the Symbol into the drawing at a rotation as 
       desired.  At this variable enter a rotation angle or use the 
       rose to select a value.


     > 11.103  MIRROR EQUALS - The Mirror parameter allows the user 
       to reverse the image along an axis through the symbol's origin 
       which is sloped at any orientation.  Once the Mirror item is 
       selected, an orientation angle needs to be entered numerically 
       or by use of the rose.







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     > 11.104  DRAG BOX/ALL - The Drag option toggles between Box and 
       All.  When on Box, the Symbol being manipulated will be 
       represented when moved by an outline box.  This is 
       particularly useful when the symbol is complicated and 
       resources need be conserved.

       When the Drag All toggle is present, an image of the entire 
       symbol will be continuously reproduced as the symbol is moved
       until placed.


     > 11.105  SHOW AS SAVED/NAME ONLY - While in the Symbols 
       function, the symbols in the current Symbol File and on the 
       current page are shown at the bottom of the screen.  "AS 
       SAVED" means that the image of the symbol picture will 
       represent the symbol.  A Symbol would normally be saved as a 
       picture with a name, however, if it was saved as a name, "AS 
       SAVED" will display the name.

       When "NAME ONLY" is present, only the Symbol's name will be 
       present to represent the symbol. 


     > 11.106  PICTURE - When creating and saving a drawing, if the 
       item picture is selected evidenced by a asterisk, then an 
       image of the symbol being saved will appear in the symbol 
       selection area at the bottom of the screen.


     > 11.107  NAME EQUALS - If the user wishes to name the Symbol, 
       it can be done at the "NAME=" item.  Text can be entered 
       up to ten characters.  If a name is not specified, the Symbol 
       will be called "NONAME".


     > 11.108  PAGE UP/DOWN - By clicking on the plus or minus sign, 
       the symbol selection will scroll through the pages of the 
       current Symbol File.  Up to 384 pages are allowed in each 
       file.


     > 11.109  NEW ORIGIN - When creating a Symbol, a New Origin to 
       be used as a drag and placement point may be preferred as 
       opposed to the standard center.






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    11.11 ENTER SYMBOL

       When a Symbol is to be inserted in a drawing, it is done by 
       simply dragging to it's desired location.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Select the Enter Symbol sub function.

      -> Step 2. Review the available placement and orientation 
         parameters and adjust as necessary.

      -> Step 3. Locate and select the object Symbol by clicking on the 
         representation.

  POS -> Step 4. Position the Symbol where desired in the drawing.

  POS -> Step 5. Repeat Step 4 and place as many copies of the object 
         Symbol as desired. 

       Placement of the Symbol will be centered around the origin of 
       the Symbol as it was saved.


    11.12 CREATE SYMBOL

       The creation of a Symbol is begun by first drawing that 
       Symbol using standard drawings functions.  Once complete, it can 
       be stored in a designated Symbol File and with any name.

       Also any portion of an existing drawing that would be 
       repeatedly used can be saved as a Symbol and recalled as 
       necessary.

         Procedure
         =========

      -> Step 1. Using standard ProCadd drawing procedures, create the 
         Symbol to be saved or Combine a group to be saved.

      -> Step 2. Select "CREATE SYMBOL" from the Symbol function menu.

      -> Step 3. Select the entity or group to be saved as a Symbol.  

         (procedure continued next page)




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         Note that only a permanent "Combined" group can be saved as a 
         symbol set.

         Upon selection of the Symbol, an origin point will appear at 
         the center of the Symbol set.  At this time a new origin can 
         be specified by selecting "NEW ORIGIN" and following with a 
         New Origin point position.

      -> Step 4. Select a name for the Symbol and whether or not it is 
         to be saved as a Picture.

      -> Step 5. Select the location at which the Symbol is to be 
         saved and click on that location point. 

       It is recommended that the Symbol be saved with both a name 
       and a picture by first entering a name and following up by 
       selecting picture for the creation.  The name can always be 
       displayed if desired by selecting "SHOW NAME ONLY".


    11.13 DELETE SYMBOL

       Symbols can be deleted by selecting the "DELETE SYMBOL" sub 
       function and then pointing to the Symbol to be deleted. 

       Subsequent symbols can be then selected and deleted as well. 


    11.14 DELETE PAGE 

       Entire pages of symbols can be deleted by paging to the one 
       targeted for deletion and then selecting "DELETE PAGE".

       There will be a confirmation required which can be done by 
       selecting on "DELETE THIS PAGE".


    11.15 DELETE ALL

       Selecting the Delete All sub function will cause the entire 
       active Symbol File to be deleted.

       The option "RESTORE" appears if perhaps the deletion should 
       be reversed.






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11.2 SYMBOL FILES

    Symbol Files are where Symbols are stored.  Each file can hold one 
    or hundreds of symbols and each file can be stored in any directory 
    as desired.

    Enter the Symbol Files function menu by pressing "CTRL-F5". 

    The structure of File storage is within the \SYMBOLS directory.  
    When directories are created they are done so within the structure 
    or directory as is current on the screen.

    When the SYMBOLS  directory is displayed, clicking on a XXXX.<DIR> 
    will cause that directory to be displayed.

    When in the XXXX directory, clicking on the ".. <DIR>" parent 
    directory will return up the tree one step to the SYMBOLS 
    directory. 

    Listed throughout Symbols Files routines are currently specified 
    files and directories in a format beginning from left to right and 
    including in the first column, the file name with the extension.  

    Second is the drawing number. 

    Third is the revision number and finally the description.

    The Symbols Files menu section has several options and descriptive 
    variables that appear and disappear as appropriate with the 
    activation the various sub functions.

    These are:

     > 11.201 SORT BY NAME/DATE/ASCENDING/DESCENDING/NO SORT  The 
       display parameter actually has three sort type variables. 

       The first is toggled by clicking on the "SORT" portion of the 
       parameter.  The files will either be sorted according to the 
       remaining variables or in the case of "NO SORT", be displayed 
       in directory order. 

       Secondly, clicking on the "NAME" or "DATE" sort type will 
       toggle between the two and determine the sorted item criteria. 

       Finally sorting can be in "ASCENDING" or "DESCENDING" order.  
       Clicking on this portion of the variable string will toggle 
       between the two options.



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     > 11.202 FIND/FIND NEXT  The Find option searches throughout all 
       directories and sub directories for any files meeting the 
       criteria as specified.  The search is conducted throughout the 
       current directory and any sub directories within it.  When 
       Find is used Find Next will appear beneath it.  Once the first 
       match is located, the find routine will proceed with the 
       search when Find Next is selected.


     > 11.203 FILTER/NO FILTER  When browsing through symbol files, 
       the files as displayed can be limited to certain criteria by 
       specifying that criteria and toggle the Filter/No Filter to No 
       Filter. 

       The No Filter option allows for a complete display of the 
       current directory's contents..


     > 11.204 CURRENT PATH  The Current Path determines or represents 
       the file area being displayed in the display area below.  The 
       Current Path can be altered by manually entering the 
       [drive]:\[dir]\[dir], or the Current Path will automatically be 
       displayed when the directory tree is moved through by mouse. 

       Clicking on a directory will take you to that directory and 
       clicking on the ".." parent directory sign will back you out.  
       In addition, clicking on the actual path specification will 
       move the display to that portion of the tree path at which the 
       mouse was clicked.


     > 11.205 FILE NAME  The File Name is the unique DOS file name 
       with up to eight characters followed by an extension of three.  
       Depending on user preference the file name can be user 
       generated or ProCadd generated.  The option of flexible entry 
       or ProCadd generated names is decided by a setting in the 
       parameter file which you can edit by referring to Appendix D - 
       Parameter File Definitions.  When auto generation is active, 
       the specification of the File Number and the Revision 
       Number will cause ProCadd to assign a File Name.  The File 
       Name will be derived from up to the first ten characters of 
       the File Number represented by the first eight being the 
       file and the other two being the first two of the extension.  
       The final character, or the third character of the extension 
       will be the first character of the Revision Number.





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     > 11.206 FILE NUMBER  The Drawing Number which is chosen by the 
       user can be any combination of up to fifteen alphanumeric 
       characters long.  The file number must be unique or it will 
       overwrite an existing file.


     > 11.207 REVISION NUMBER  The Revision Number is a two character 
       designation.  If a file is retrieved and modified, it may be 
       advantageous to assign a following consecutive Revision Number 
       upon it's resaving.  A unique Revision number will not prevent 
       the original file's destruction.  A common File Number with a 
       different Revision Number will cause the original file to be 
       overwritten when the new revision is saved.


     > 11.208 DESCRIPTION  The Description field is an area where the 
       user can identify a drawing with text.  Up to sixty characters 
       of text can be entered and will be displayed when browsed.


    11.21 SYMBOL FILES-GET SET

       The Get Symbol Set sub function is used to retrieve Symbol 
       Files from the archive directories.

       Select the "GET SET" sub function from the Symbol Files 
       function menu.

       Use "*.*" for the File Name variable and a complete list of 
       files will be displayed in the current directory.  If there 
       are more than will fit on the current screen, then press "NEXT 
       PAGE" and the display will scroll forward.  "PREVIOUS PAGE" 
       will scroll back. 

       Select the desired file and it will highlight, confirming it's 
       selection.  The command "GET FILE" will appear at the bottom 
       of the screen.  Click on it and the Symbol File indicated will 
       be retrieved.


    11.22 SYMBOL FILES-COMBINE SET

       Once a Symbol Set is currently active, ProCadd can use the 
       Combine Set sub function to recall an additional Symbol Set and 
       overlay it upon the first.





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       Use the current Symbol File or retrieve a file from the 
       library to be the first of two files to be combined.  Select 
       the Combine Set sub function and operate it the same as the 
       Get Set sub function by pointing out the file of interest to 
       be combined and click on "COMBINE DRAWING" at the bottom of 
       the screen.

       The second Symbol File will be combined with the first. 


    11.23 SYMBOL FILES-SAVE SET

       The Save Set function allows the operator to store symbol 
       files for later reference. 

       When saving a file, the user can assign a name, number and 
       revision to the current Symbol Set being saved.

       If desired as described in Section 11.205 ProCadd will derive 
       a File Number from the File Number and Revision. 

       If the Symbol File being stored is an updated version of a 
       file previously retrieved, then normally a new revision number 
       would be assigned to it and when stored as ProCadd will warn 
       you, the original will be overwritten.

       The original file's identity will be displayed as a reference 
       for you to note when specifying the number to store.

       A unique File Number causes non destructive storage but a 
       unique Revision Number will overwrite a Symbol File with a 
       like File Number.

       When you save your Symbol Set, the Entity File is copied in 
       it's current status to a place and file name as directed.  If 
       the file name already exists, then the file being overwritten 
       is renamed to [filename].bak.

       The user must also identify where the file is to be stored.  
       Moving through the directory structure within the Symbols 
       directory will display their contents.  The Symbol File will be 
       saved in the current directory as displayed.

       When the file being saved has been satisfactorily identified 
       for storage and the directory location is present, clicking on 
       "SAVE SET" at the bottom of the screen will initiate storage.




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    11.24 SYMBOL FILES-DELETE FILE

       Symbol Files can be deleted as necessary by selecting the 
       Delete File sub function.

       Once at the Delete sub function section, the files in the 
       current directory will be listed.  The directory can be 
       changed or if the object for deletion is in the current 
       directory it can be identified by pointing it out, at which 
       time it will be highlighted for confirmation.

       Clicking on the "DELETE FILE" phrase at the bottom of the 
       screen will complete the action.


    11.25 SYMBOL FILES-CREATE DIRECTORY

       The Create Directory sub function is used to create storage 
       area directories where necessary.

       After selecting the Create Directory sub function, move to the
       directory into which a sub directory is to be created.

       Specify the new directory name as will be displayed in the 
       File Name area.

       Click on the "CREATE DIRECTORY" phrase at the bottom of the 
       screen and the action will be complete.


    11.26 SYMBOL FILES-DELETE DIRECTORY

       The Delete Directory sub function is used to destroy storage 
       area directories.

       Prior to deletion the directory must be empty of all files or 
       sub directories.

       In order to delete the object directory first select the 
       Delete Directory sub function.  

       Then move to the directory to be deleted.

       Finally click on the "DELETE DIRECTORY" phrase at the bottom 
       of the screen.





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12.0  PARTS LIBRARY

ProCadd has a section available to the user for parts drawing listings, 
storage and retrieval.



12.1 STANDARD PARTS

    The Standard Parts function menu is available by pressing "CTRL-
    F6".

    The Standard Parts menu includes five sub functions as well as the 
    Window View Locator.

    First we will explain the standard parameter options used to 
    identify the parts drawings being stored or retrieved.

    These are:

     > 12.101 SORT BY NAME/DATE/ASCENDING/DESCENDING/NO SORT  The 
       display parameter actually has three sort type variables. 
       The first is toggled by clicking on the "SORT" portion of the 
       parameter.  The files will either be sorted according to the 
       remaining variables or in the case of "NO SORT", be displayed 
       in directory order. 

       Secondly clicking on the "NAME" or "DATE" sort type will 
       toggle between the two and determine the sorted item criteria. 

       Finally sorting can be in "ASCENDING" or "DESCENDING" order.  
       Clicking on this portion of the variable string will toggle 
       between the two options.


     > 12.102 FIND/FIND NEXT  The Find option searches throughout all 
       directories and sub directories for any files meeting the 
       criteria as specified.  The search is conducted throughout the 
       current directory and any sub directories within it.  When 
       Find is used Find Next will appear beneath it.  Once the first 
       match is located, the find routine will proceed with the 
       search when Find Next is selected.


     > 12.103 FILTER/NO FILTER  When browsing through symbol files, 
       the files as displayed can be limited to certain criteria by 
       specifying that criteria and toggle the Filter/No Filter to No 
       Filter.  The No Filter option allows for a complete display.


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     > 12.104 CURRENT PATH  The Current Path determines or represents 
       the file area being displayed in the display area below.  The 
       Current Path can be altered by manually entering the 
       [drive]:\[dir]\[dir] or the Current Path will automatically be 
       displayed when the directory tree is moved through by mouse.  
       Clicking on a directory will take you to that directory and 
       clicking on the ".." parent directory sign will back you out.  
       In addition, clicking on the actual path specification will 
       move the display to that portion of the tree path at which the 
       mouse was clicked.


     > 12.105 FILE NAME  The File Name is the unique DOS file name 
       with up to eight characters followed by an extension of three.  
       Depending on user preference the file name can be user 
       generated or ProCadd generated.  The option of flexible entry 
       or ProCadd generated names is decided by a setting in the 
       parameter file which you can edit by referring to Appendix D - 
       Parameter File Definitions.  When auto generation is active, 
       the specification of the File Number and the Revision 
       Number will cause ProCadd to assign a File Name.  The File 
       Name will be derived from up to the first ten characters of 
       the File Number represented by the first eight being the 
       file and the other two being the first two of the extension.  
       The final character or the third character of the extension 
       will be the first character of the Revision Number.


     > 12.106 FILE NUMBER  The Drawing Number which is chosen by the 
       user can be any combination of up to fifteen alphanumeric 
       characters long.  The file number must be unique or it will 
       overwrite an existing file.


     > 12.107 REVISION NUMBER  The Revision Number is a two character 
       designation.  If a file is retrieved and modified, it may be 
       advantageous to assign a following consecutive Revision Number 
       upon it's resaving.  A unique Revision number will not prevent 
       the original file's destruction.  A common File Number with a 
       different Revision Number will cause the original file to be 
       overwritten when the new revision is saved.


     > 12.108 DESCRIPTION  The Description field is an area where the 
       user can identify a drawing with text.  Up to sixty characters 
       of text can be entered and will be displayed when browsed.




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    12.11 STANDARD PARTS-GET PART

       The Get Part sub function is used to retrieve part drawings 
       from the archive directories.

       Select the "GET PART" sub function from the Standard Parts 
       function menu.

       Use "*.*" for the File Name variable and a complete list of 
       files will be displayed in the current directory.  If there 
       are more than will fit on the current screen then press "NEXT 
       PAGE" and the display will scroll forward.  "PREVIOUS PAGE" 
       will scroll back.

       Select the desired file and it will highlight confirming it's 
       selection.  The command "GET PART" will appear at the bottom 
       of the screen.  Click on it and the Parts Drawing indicated 
       will be retrieved.


    12.12 STANDARD PARTS-COMBINE PART

       When a part is desired to be placed in a drawing, it is first 
       retrieved using the above described "GET PART".  

       Once the part is loaded, an additional menu item will appear 
       called "COMBINE PART".  

       By clicking on the Combine Part menu item, the just retrieved 
       part will be combined with the active drawing as was being 
       worked with when Standard Parts was entered.

       The part will be placed in the drawing, centered, and as a 
       Group.  It can then be manipulated with it's Grouped status 
       until placed as desired.

       A Parts Drawing would typically show alternate view angles of 
       the part with related information and dimensions.  In this case 
       only a portion of the drawing would be desired to be entered in 
       the active drawing.  Once the part is loaded and available, a 
       portion of the parts drawing can be selected with the mouse and 
       they will be highlighted indicating acceptance to form a group. 

       This group will be combined with the active drawing when 
       clicking on "COMBINE PART".  An alternate method of specifying 
       the grouped portion of the Parts Drawing to be combined with 
       the Active Drawing is to block it with the mouse.



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       Clicking on a point of the Part Drawing and sweeping diagonally 
       and clicking again will block a portion of the drawing to be 
       grouped and combined.

       Note that only totally included non-protruding elements will be 
       selected for the group.  Other elements can be selected 
       individually.


    12.13 STANDARD PARTS-SAVE PART

       The Save Part function allows the operator to store part files 
       or a Group from within a drawing as a Parts File for later 
       reference.  (See Group - Section 8.3)

       When saving a file or a Group as a file, the user can assign a 
       name, number and revision to the current Part Drawing being 
       saved.

       If desired as described in Section 12.105 ProCadd will derive 
       a File Number from the Part Drawing Number and Revision. 

       If the Part File being stored is an updated version of a file 
       previously retrieved then normally a new revision number would 
       be assigned to it and when stored as ProCadd will warn you, 
       the original will be overwritten.

       The original file's identity will be displayed as a reference 
       for you to note.

       A unique File Number causes non destructive storage but a 
       unique Revision Number will overwrite a Part Drawing with a 
       like File Number.

       When you save your Parts Drawing, the Entity File is copied in 
       it's current status to a place and file name as directed.  If 
       the file name already exists, then the file being overwritten 
       is renamed to [filename].bak.

       The user must also identify where the file is to be stored.  
       Moving through the directory structure within the STDPARTS 
       directory will display their contents.  The Part Drawing will 
       be saved in the current directory as displayed.

       When the file being saved has been satisfactorily identified 
       for storage and the directory location is present, clicking on 
       "SAVE PART" at the bottom of the screen will initiate storage.



                     ProCadd Operations Manual
                              Page 114




       If there is an active Group then the information "ONLY THE 
       GROUP WILL BE SAVED" will be displayed at the bottom of the 
       screen.


    12.14 STANDARD PARTS-DELETE FILE

       Parts Drawing Files can be deleted as necessary by selecting 
       the Delete File sub function.

       Once at the Delete sub function section, the files in the 
       current directory will be listed.  The directory can be 
       changed or if the object for deletion is in the current 
       directory it can be identified by pointing it out, at which 
       time it will be highlighted for confirmation.

       Clicking on the "DELETE FILE" phrase at the bottom of the 
       screen will complete the action.


    12.15 STANDARD PARTS-CREATE DIRECTORY

       The Create Directory sub function is used to create storage 
       area directories where necessary.

       After selecting the Create Directory sub function, move to the
       directory into which a sub directory is to be created.

       Specify the new directory name as will be displayed in the 
       File Name area.

       Click on "CREATE DIRECTORY" phrase at the bottom of the screen 
       and the action will be complete.


    12.16 STANDARD PARTS-DELETE DIRECTORY

       The Delete Directory sub function is used to destroy storage 
       area directories.

       Prior to deletion, the directory must be empty of all files or 
       sub directories.

       In order to delete the object directory, first select the 
       Delete Directory sub function.  

       Then move to the directory to be deleted.



                     ProCadd Operations Manual
                              Page 115




       Finally click on the "DELETE DIRECTORY" phrase at the bottom 
       of the screen.
















































                     ProCadd Operations Manual
                              Page 116




INDEX
======                                                       Page



    Active Drawings   .......................................  23
    Aligning Elements   .....................................  29
    Angles   ................................................  66
    Arcs   ..................................................  46

    Arrays   ................................................  59
    Arrow Orientation   .....................................  64
    Arrow Size   ............................................  64
    Attributes   ............................................  77

    Boundaries   ............................................  49
    Blocking   ..............................................  60
    Breaking Lines   ........................................  40
    Bring Others   .......................................  54,77

    Center Circle Locating   ................................  29
    Chain Lines   ...........................................  38
    Circles   ...............................................  42
    Colors   ................................................  79

    Combining Elements   ....................................  62
    Combining Drawings   ....................................  93
    Combining Parts Into A Drawing   .......................  108
    Combining Symbol Sets   ................................  113

    Concentric Circles   ....................................  44
    Concentric Rectangles   .................................  42
    Copying   ...............................................  56
    Copying Arrays   ........................................  59

    Deleting Files   ........................................  94
    Deleting Entities   .....................................  72
    Dimension   .............................................  63
    Direction and Distance Locating   .......................  31

    Direction Facilities   ..................................  33
    Displayable Attributes   ................................  77
    Distance Facilities   ...................................  32
    Drag Box   ..........................................  76,103






                     ProCadd Operations Manual
                              Page 117




    Drawing Area   ..........................................  22
    Drawing Files   .........................................  90
    Drawing Retrieval   .....................................  92

    Eight Directions   ......................................  36
    Elements   ..............................................  23
    Ellipses   ..............................................  80
    Elliptical Arcs   .......................................  83

    Entities   ..............................................  23
    Exiting   ...............................................  80
    Extend Lines   .........................................  101

    File Name Generation   ..........................  91,107,111
    Fillets   ...............................................  87
    Filling an Area   .......................................  71
    Filter   ........................................  91,107,111

    Find   ..........................................  91,107,111
    Fonts   .................................................  70
    Four Directions   .......................................  36

    Getting a Drawing   .....................................  92
    Grids   .................................................  28
    Grid Origin   ...........................................  28
    Grouping   ..............................................  60

    Hardware   ..............................................  14
    Help   ..................................................  18
    Hold   ..................................................  31

    Icon File   .............................................  19
    Initializing Damaged Files   ...........................  145
    Input Devices   .........................................  24
    Installation Procedures   ...............................  16

    Intersection Location   .................................  30
    Isometric   .............................................  36

    Keyboard   ..............................................  25

    Last Point Location   ...................................  28
    Layers   ................................................  50
    Level   .................................................  55
    Line Structures   ....................................  79,96





                     ProCadd Operations Manual
                              Page 118




    Line Widths   ........................................  78,97
    Lines   .................................................  36

    Margins   ...........................................  99,144
    Midpoint Location   .....................................  30
    Mirroring   ..........................................  74,76
    Modify Arcs   ...........................................  48

    Modify Lines   ..........................................  39
    Mouse   .................................................  27
    Moving Dimensions   .....................................  63
    Moving Entities   .......................................  53

    Moving Labels   .........................................  64
    Moving Spline Points   ..................................  86
    Moving Text   ...........................................  70

    Origin, Drawing   ....................................... 101
    Origin, Grid   ..........................................  28

    Panning   ...............................................  51
    Path   ..........................................  91,107,112
    Paper Orientation   .................................  98,137
    Paper Size   ........................................  98,137

    Parts Files   ..........................................  111
    Pen Colors   ............................................  96
    Plot   ..................................................  95
    Plot Margins   .....................................  100,144

    Plot Size   .............................................  99
    Plotter Drivers   ...................................  99,140
    Plumb   .................................................  55
    Ports   .................................................  31

    Position Facilities   ...................................  25
    Printers   ..............................................  95

    Ram Drive   .............................................  14
    Real World Coordinates   ................................  12
    Rectangles   ............................................  40
    Repeat Copy   ...........................................  57

    Reconnect Lines   .......................................  54
    Reload Command   ........................................  50
    Resolution   ........................................  65,127
    Rose Selection   ........................................  33



                     ProCadd Operations Manual
                              Page 119




    Rotating Entities   .....................................  58

    SafeSave   ...........................................  12,19
    Saving   ........................................  93,109,114
    Scaling   ...........................................  75,100
    Sectioning   ............................................  70

    Separating Groups   ..................................  61,63
    Sizing   ................................................  49
    Slopes, Endpoint   ......................................  87
    Slopes, Line   ..........................................  37

    Spline Curves   .........................................  84
    Structure; Line   ....................................  79,96
    Symbols   ..........................................  102,106
    System Requirements   ...................................  14

    Tangent To Options   .................................  36,45
    TMP Directory   .....................................  14,132
    Translate   .............................................  75
    Trim   ..................................................  39

    Widths; Line   .......................................  78,97
    Window   ................................................  48
    Windows Icon   ..........................................  19
    Window View Locator   ...................................  51
























                     ProCadd Operations Manual
                              Page 120




APPENDIX A
==========

Function Key Assignments
========================



          F1 = Line                  Ctrl-F1 = Help
          F2 = Rectangle             Ctrl-F2 = Shell to DOS
          F3 = Circle/Arc            Ctrl-F3 = Status/Play
          F4 = Window                Ctrl-F4 = Symbols


          F5 = Move                  Ctrl-F5 = Symbol Files
          F6 = Copy                  Ctrl-F6 = Parts Files
          F7 = Group
          F8 = Combine


          F9 = Dimension              Ctrl-R = Reload
         F10 = Text
         F11 = Section
         F12 = Delete


    Shift-F1 = Rotate                 Alt-F7 = F11
    Shift-F2 = Scale                  Alt-F8 = F12
    Shift-F3 = Translate              Alt-F9 = Shift-F11
    Shift-F4 = Attributes            Alt-F10 = Shift-F12


    Shift-F5 = Ellipse                   ESC = Main Menu
    Shift-F6 = Spline
    Shift-F7 = Fillet
    Shift-F8 = Ports


    Shift-F9 = Drawing Files
   Shift-F10 = Plot
   Shift-F11 = Drawing
   Shift-F12 = Exit








                        Function Key Index
                              Page 121




APPENDIX B
==========


Font Definition Formats

Fonts are identified by a number known as a Standard Font Number. (SFN)

A font exists simply by virtue of a reference to it's number.

Each SFN may optionally have a name associated with it.  The 
association between names and numbers is kept in a text file called 
\fonts\names.

The format of this file is the font number followed by a font name 
separated by a space.  This file can be altered using any text editor.

Stroke data describing a font may optionally be stored in a file named
\fonts\fxxx.s where xxx is the number of the font.  If in other 
words stroke for font 11 will be found in the file \fonts\f11.s 
if it exists.  If the stroke data for a font does not exist, then the 
font handling utilities will use the data for the default font 0.

Width data for a font may optionally be stored in a file named 
\fonts\fxxx.w  where xxx is the number of the font.  If the 
width data for a font does not exist, then the font handling utilities 
will assume a mono-spaced font with a 1:1 height to width ratio.

File Formats:

\fonts\fxxx.s

    The stroke file has a 32 byte header containing the range of 
    characters in this font, the number of bytes in each character 
    description and the cpu code. 

    The following structure describes the header:

    struct HEADER{
            char karmin;
            char karmax;
            int  nbytes;
            int  cpucode;
            char unused[26];
            };





                          Font Definitions
                               Page 122




    Character stroke data is then stored for each character in 
    ascending order from karmin to karmax.  Any character that is not 
    represented in the data has -1's for all it's data.

    Each character description starts with the character code followed 
    by some number of graphics codes and floating point operands.

    The codes are:

            1 = line(x1, y1, x2, y2)
            6 = end

            Codes are stored in one byte.


\fonts\fxxx.w    

     The width file has a 32 byte header containing the range of 
     characters in this font, the number of bytes in each character 
     description and the cpu code.  This structure is the same as the 
     stroke file.

     Character width data is then stored for each character in 
     ascending order from karmin to karmax.  Any character that is not 
     represented in the data has a width of 1.0.

























                          Font Definitions
                               Page 123




APPENDIX D
==========


PARAMETER FILE DEFINITIONS

Located in the \session directory of the \CAD650 parent, assuming that 
the default has been maintained, is a file named "params".

This file establishes certain characteristics of ProCadd and can 
be used to alter these or add some.

There is also a document file named "params.txt" which also describes
formats for modifying this file.

Editing the parameter file will allow the user to customize certain 
aspects of ProCadd's look, feel and operation.

Below, contained in this appendix, is a detailed description of each of 
these parameters, which if are not present in the user's params file, 
are available for use and also their effect on the program.

As noted with some items, they may not be applicable to your particular 
version of the program but may however apply to some specific cases.

In general the parameters as supplied with the installation routine on 
your program disk will suffice for most applications.


Note:  Altering the characteristics of the preset parameter file as 
delivered with ProCadd can disturb the normal operation of ProCadd 
dramatically. 

Also all parameter definitions must be specified in lower case 
characters.


-------
serial#=

       This parameter reflects a serial number as assigned by the 
       program's publishers.  If the number is not correct, the program 
       will not start.







                     Parameter File Definitions
                               Page 124




---------
display=2

       The "display=" parameter is where the user can force the output 
       that ProCadd displays.  The standard default that ProCadd 
       employs is type 2 - standard VGA.  If the monitor will not 
       support VGA then ProCadd will automatically fallback to an 
       appropriate mode.

       If the user chooses to force a mode higher than display 2 then 
       ProCadd will attempt to display in the specified mode but if it 
       is not possible then ProCadd will fallback to the first lesser 
       appropriate mode. 

       If display type 0 or 1 are used, the drawing area will be 
       dramatically restricted.

       The available options are as follows:

       display=0 - CGA/EGA 640x200
               1 - EGA 640x350
               2 - VGA 640x480 (default)
               3 - VGA 800x600 (VESA)
               4 - VGA 1024x768 (VESA)
               5 - VGA 1280x1024 (VESA)
               6 - VGA 1024x768 (C&T only)
               7 - Pixelworks MicroClipper


-----------
windowloc=0

       The "windowloc=", or window location parameter determines 
       whether the viewing screen will be to the left of the menu or 
       to the right.

       The options are as follows:

       windowloc=0 - window left/menu right (default)
                 1 - window right/menu left










                     Parameter File Definitions
                               Page 125




----------
efubufs=10

       The "efubufs=" parameter determines the amount of memory that 
       ProCadd sets aside as a cache for entity file I/O.

       Each buffer unit is 512 bytes.  The recommended setting is 10.


------------------
screen_width=12.5"
screen_height=9.5"

       The "screen_width=" and "screen-height=" parameters assist 
       ProCadd in adapting itself to your individual monitor so that 
       it can display elements as real world representations.  In 
       other words, a two inch line will be two inches long on the 
       monitor as long as there has been no zoom factor applied.

       Enter the appropriate usable screen width and height in 
       decimal formatted inches or centimeters and the program will 
       scale the display as needed.  Be sure that the units of measure 
       are qualified.


-------------
frame_color=2->  Drawing Area Frame or border color
fg_color=15  ->  Foreground Color - menu items
bg_color=0   ->  Background Color - base screen color
hi_color=14  ->  Highlight Color - color confirmation of menu selection
sel_color=11 ->  Select Color - menu header and element selection

       For each of the above display color parameters choose from the 
       following color selection list to customize ProCadd.

       Color 0 - black              8 - gray       
             1 - dark blue          9 - medium blue 
             2 - dark green        10 - bright green
             3 - turquoise         11 - cyan
             4 - dark red          12 - bright red 
             5 - purple            13 - magenta
             6 - brown             14 - yellow
             7 - soft white        15 - bright white

       (parameter description continued next page)





                     Parameter File Definitions
                               Page 126




       In cases where the user is operating with a laptop or monchrome
       monitor we would suggest the following color selections.

           frame_color=0
           fg_color=0  
           bg_color=7   
           hi_color=10  
           sel_color=14 


---------
colors=16

       This "colors=" parameter is the number of colors available on 
       your display.  This number is determined by the display type 
       and monitor.

       The most common displays allow sixteen colors.

       Also as an administrative measure, color selections within the 
       attributes section as well as displayed in the Plot function 
       menu will be limited by this parameter.  For instance if the 
       parameter is set to 4 the only the first three colors as listed 
       in the Plot function menu will be available.


---------
structs=8

       The "structs=" parameter determines the number of line 
       structures allowed the user.

       These structures are the seven line styles as defined below in 
       this params file with the eighth being a solid line.

       This limit if less than the default value eight can be handy 
       administratively to limit structures available to ProCadd 
       users.


-----------------
resolution=1000.0

       The "resolution=" parameter value is used to assign display 
       resolution limits to the program.  A default resolution of 
       "1000" determines that the least definable unit from the 

       (parameter description continued next page)


                     Parameter File Definitions
                               Page 127




       display's standpoint is 1/1000 of the default unit of measure 
       which is one inch or in the case of metric operation, one 
       centimeter.

       If the user were to be drawing an island, this value would 
       normally be set to "1".


--------------
min_window=250

       This "min_window=" parameter value assigns a zooming limit to 
       the program in relation to the above mentioned "resolution=" 
       value.

       The value of "250" results in a factor of 250/1000,(assuming 
       "resolution=1000.0") or 1/4 inch.  This limit means that the 
       maximum zoom, or smallest real window size will be 0.250 
       inches.

       Depending on your particular display size the corresponding 
       zoom limit would be 1/32x.

       This limit is installed to prevent visual distortion.  If 
       drawing is desired at levels smaller than allowed by this 
       parameter, then resetting the resolution or scaled minimum 
       window size will over-ride the default.


----------
pick_app=3

       The "pick_app" parameter variable allows the ProCadd Cadd User 
       to define the proximity limitations as interpreted by the 
       program in defining specific elements or endpoints by user 
       noted points nearby.

       The defining units are pixels.

       For example, if the variable is set as "pick_app=3", any point 
       which is mouse selected by the user within three pixels of an 
       existing element or endpoint will automatically be interpreted 
       as that element or endpoint.

       (parameter description continued next page)





                     Parameter File Definitions
                               Page 128




       The default setting of the program as delivered is a value of 
       "3".  If, however, you are operating a display at above 800x600 
       or if you would prefer that the program assume location based 
       upon more liberal proximity's, then you will need to change this 
       value to "4" or more as is most comfortable.


----------------
circle_chords=48

       Display representations of circles or other curved elements are 
       made up of a group of small chords with varying vectors pieced 
       together to give a presentation of the desired circle.  The 
       greater the number of units making up the elements, the more 
       taxing it is on the resources of the computer but with better 
       resolution.

       The "circle_chords=" parameter is were the user can define that
       number.


-----------
user_units=

       The "user_units=" parameter determines whether or not metric 
       units will be used in the program.

       When "user_units=" is set to a value representing a metric unit 
       of measure, it can be considered to be in metric mode.

       When in metric mode, the standard unit as defined as one is 
       centimeter instead of inch.

       This mode affects operations including plotter functions, 
       dimension operations and text sizing.

       When this parameter is set to "5", metric operation will not be 
       default and the standard unit will be one inch.

       If this parameter is set to "2" and therefore metric operations 
       are desired, the user would probably also want to redefine the 
       "dimresol=" and dim_units=" parameters.  These would change the 
       defaults in the Dimension functions to metric units and a 
       decimal resolution.

       If the user has not specified any values at these related 
       parameters, the program will default to cm and 1/10 resolution.



                     Parameter File Definitions
                               Page 129




       Drawing is in metric format, the program will automatically flag
       all files as metric unless either the status is switched at New
       Drawing or a U.S. format saved drawing is retrieved thereby 
       changing the internal flag to U.S.

       The current values available for "user_units=" are:

       user_units=2 - centimeters  (metric)
                  5 - inches       (U.S. Standard)


---------------
spline_points=0

       If the "spline_points=" parameter is 0, or false, then when a 
       spline element is appearing on the screen it will not be 
       displayed with it's spline path points unless and until it is 
       chosen as an object of manipulation.

       If however the variable is coded 1, then the spline path points 
       will always be displayed.


------
drag=0

       If the "drag=" parameter is set as 0, then when using the drag 
       characteristics associated with functions such move or copy, 
       the dragged image will be a rectangle outline representing the 
       object of manipulation.

       If though it is set to 1, an actual image depicting the object 
       will be dragged for placement.


----------
may_drag=0

       The  "may_drag=" parameter option when set as 1 will give the 
       user a menu option when appropriate allowing the selection of 
       "drag all" or "drag box" to be toggled between.









                     Parameter File Definitions
                               Page 130




---------
loadbnd=0

       If the "loadbnd=" parameter is  set as 1, all elements on the 
       screen will be enclosed in a boundary box rectangle displayed 
       in red.

       The boundary box represents the full extent of the North, 
       South, East and West components of each element as enclosed.


-----------
file_sort=1

          0 - no sort
          1 - sort by name ascending
          2 - sort by name descending
          3 - sort by date ascending
          4 - sort by date descending
          5 - sort by size ascending
          6 - sort by size descending

       This "file_sort=" parameter defines the initial default sort 
       type when entering the drawing, symbol and parts file 
       management menus.


------------
file_filter=1

       The "file_filter=" parameter option determines whether the 
       filter or no filter mode will be shown as default at the 
       drawing, symbol and part file management menus.

       file_filter=0   -> default is "NO FILTER"
                   1   -> default is "FILTER"


-------------
text_size=0.1

       The "text_size=" parameter is set in decimal formatted inches 
       as a default text height used in the text editing and dimension 
       areas of ProCadd.

       (parameter description continued next page)




                     Parameter File Definitions
                               Page 131




       When the drawing is scaled as in the Plot function the text 
       size is automatically readjusted to maintain it's default or 
       redefined size as otherwise noted in the text or dimension 
       menus.

       The program default text size is 0.1 inches or 0.254 
       centimeters.  If some other text size is preferred to be used as 
       a default value, it should be entered in the Parameters File as 
       a qualified value.  If the value is unqualified, the value will 
       be understood as a factor of the default unit.


-----------
real_text=0

       When the "real_text=" parameter is set as 0, the program will 
       default as "fast text" on the program menu and will toggle to 
       "real text".  Similarly when this parameter is set as 1 the 
       program will default to "real text".


------------------
df_file_name_gen=0
sym_file_name_gen=0
sp_file_name_gen=0

       The default file name, symbol name and standard parts name 
       generation option setting determine whether of not ProCadd will 
       automatically generate the file name as derived from the file 
       number and the revision number.

       If this setting is set to "1", ProCadd will assign a File Name.  
       The File Name will be derived from up to the first ten 
       characters of the File Number represented by the first eight 
       being the file and the other two being the first two of the 
       extension.  The final character or the third character of the 
       extension will be the first character of the Revision Number. 

       When the setting is "0", the user must specify a file name 
       himself.










                     Parameter File Definitions
                               Page 132




-------------------------------
drawings=       -> Drawing file storage directory
symbols=        -> Symbol file storage directory
stdparts=       -> Standard Parts file storage directory
plotters=       -> Plotter driver storage directory
fonts=          -> Text fonts directory
entfile=        -> Entity file location
tmp=            -> Temporary directory for file swapping
symfile=        -> Symbol entity file location
params=         -> Parameter file location
cadfile=        -> Instant load file identity

       These parameters act as pointers setting the default path for 
       the utility files and program functions as described. 


------------------------------------------------------------
color1pen=1  -> dark blue      color9pen=1   -> medium blue
color2pen=1  -> dark green     color10pen=1  -> bright green
color3pen=1  -> turquoise      color11pen=1  -> cyan
color4pen=1  -> dark red       color12pen=1  -> bright red
color5pen=1  -> purple         color13pen=1  -> magenta
color6pen=1  -> brown          color14pen=1  -> yellow
color7pen=1  -> soft white     color15pen=1  -> bright white
color8pen=1  -> gray

       This "color??pen=" variable is used to assign default plotter 
       pen numbers to colors as drawn in ProCadd using the various 
       attribute colors.

       Generally only a few colors are used as standards and in the 
       parameter field set the user can customize pen assignments to 
       those colors as desired.


---------------
bit_length=0.05

       The "bit_size=" parameter is default set to 0.05.  This value 
       acts as a calculation constant so that ProCadd can resize line 
       structures for display and plot purposes.

       When this variable is set to 0.05 for instance, all below 
       mentioned line structure definitions must be must be specified 
       such that each component is evenly divisible by 0.05.





                     Parameter File Definitions
                               Page 133




------------------------
style2=.1,.1
style3=.2,.2
style4=.15,.1,.05,.1
style5=.1,.1,.1,.1,.3,.1
style6=.4,.4
style7=.3,.1
style8=.35,.05

       There are eight user definable line structures available to the 
       ProCadd user, assuming that the "structs=" parameter has not
       limited the program to less than eight.

       These structures are defined at the "style?=" variables of 
       which there are seven because the eighth is always a solid 
       line.

       These definitions are represented in ProCadd as the default 
       structure selections in the Attributes and Plot sections of the
       program.

       When designing or editing these definitions there are some 
       rules pertaining to the relative distance values used to 
       describe each structure/style cycle.

       These are:

       1.  Each entry must be a multiple of the "bit_size=" value as 
           listed in the parameter above.  The default is 0.05.

       2.  There must be a comma between each entry.

       3.  The number of values in the definition list for each 
           structure  must be less than or equal to eight.

       4.  The entry value divided by the bit size is the number of 
           bits represented by each value entered.  The sum of these 
           representations or the total bits represented by each 
           definition must be equal to 2, 4, 8, or 16.  Style 5 for 
           example lists values equaling .8.  This value therefore 
           represents 16 bits.









                     Parameter File Definitions
                               Page 134




--------------
width1=0.0
width2=0.0
width3=0.0
width4=0.0
width5=0.0
width6=0.0
width7=0.0
width8=0.0

       In ProCadd there are eight available line width selections in 
       the Attributes as well as in the Plot function menu.  The 
       default values for these line widths are specified here with 
       the "width?=" parameters.


-------------------------
scale1=1.000000000,1'=1'
scale2=0.500000000,6"=1'
scale3=0.250000000,3"=1'
scale4=0.125000000,1-1/2"=1'
scale5=0.083333333,1"=1'
scale6=0.062500000,3/4"=1'
scale7=0.041666667,1/2"=1'
scale8=0.031250000,3/8"=1'
scale9=0.020833333,1/4"=1'
scale10=0.01562500,3/16"=1'
scale11=0.01041667,1/8"=1'
scale12=0.00781250,3/32"=1'
scale13=0.00833333,1"=10'
scale14=0.00166667,1"=50'
scale15=0.00083333,1"=100'

       In the ProCadd Plot Function menu there are 15 available 
       default menu options for drawing scales. 

       These defaults are defined here in the "scale?=" parameters.

       When entering the Plot function menu, only those scales defined 
       will display.










                     Parameter File Definitions
                               Page 135




-------------
dimresol=-16 

       This "dimresol=" parameter sets the default display dimension 
       accuracy minimum as is used in the Dimension function menu of 
       ProCadd.

       These are the available settings:

       10000 - display to .0001    -2 - display to 1/2
        1000 - display to .001     -4 - display to 1/4
         100 - display to .01      -8 - display to 1/8
          10 - display to .1      -16 - display to 1/116
                                  -32 - display to 1/32

      If the default user preference were metric then a decimal default 
      would likely be preferable.


---------
dimmark=1

      This setting, "dimmark=" determines whether ProCadd will 
      display length dimensions using unqualified numbers, tickmarks
      or units of measure.  

      These values apply:

      dimmark=0 - unqualified
              1 - tickmarks            (default in U.S. mode)
              2 - units of measure     (default in metric mode)


-----------
dim_units=6

       The "dim_units=" parameter determines the initially displayed 
       default unit of measurement when in the dimension function. 

       The following values are available for this parameter.

       dim_units=1  -> millimeters
                 2  -> centimeters  (default when user_units=2)
                 3  -> meters
                 4  -> kilometers
                 5  -> inches
                 6  -> feet/inches  (default when user_unit=5)



                     Parameter File Definitions
                               Page 136




-------------
dim_arrow=0.1

       In the Dimension function menu of ProCadd, the default 
       dimension arrow size is determined here in the "dim_arrow=" 
       parameter.

       The program default arrow size is 0.1 inches or 0.254 
       centimeters.  If some other text size is preferred to be used as 
       a default value, it should be entered in the Parameters File as 
       a qualified value.  If the value is unqualified, the value will 
       be understood as a factor of the default unit.






Page                     Parameter File Definitions
                                 Page 13




---------------------
dim_color=14           -> Dimension arrow indicator color
dim_text_color=14      -> Dimension description text color
dim_witness_color=14   -> Witness color

       Using the following color selection chart to choose dimension 
       aspect colors for the above three parameters.

           1 -> dark blue       9 -> medium blue
           2 -> dark green      10-> bright green
           3 -> turquoise       11-> cyan
           4 -> dark red        12-> bright red
           5 -> purple          13-> magenta
           6 -> brown           14-> yellow
           7 -> soft white      15 bright white
           8 -> gray










                     Parameter File Definitions
                               Page 137




----------
plotter=HP
paper_size=D
orientation=0

       These three parameters determine the default device driver, 
       paper size and orientation.

       Plotter options - HP - Hewlett Packard
                         HI - Houston Instruments

       Paper_size options - A - 8.5" x 11" 
                            B -  11" x 17"
                            C -  17" x 22"
                            D -  22" x 34"
                            E -  34" x 44"

       Orientation options - 0 - landscape
                             1 - portrait


-------
beep=10

       After sending output to the plotter, ProCadd will play a beep 
       as specified by the "beep=" parameter.

       If the value entered is 10, there will be ten beeps generated 
       on command.  To sample or test the beeps press Alt-F2 from 
       ProCadd.


-------------------------
beep=C:\CAD650\session\kotek3
beep=C:\CAD650\session\kotek4
beep=C:\CAD650\session\mary3
beep=C:\CAD650\session\mary4

       If some other tone arrangement is preferred to the beeps then 
       save the arrangement and specify the file name as exampled 
       above.

       If more than one beep statement are listed in the params file, 
       each will be played in it's turn.






                     Parameter File Definitions
                               Page 138




--------------------------
color1=7           color8=
color2=4           color9=
color3=2          color10=
color4=9          color11=
color5=10         color12=
color6=5          color13=
color7=14         color14=

       If you are retrieving drawings, as saved with a version of the 
       program prior to version 6.0.5, you will need to enter these 
       parameters in order to convert the saved colors to those as 
       recognized with your current version of the program.


-------------
help=phdr.exe

       The "help=" parameter direct the program to the help execute 
       file as is relevant to your version of this program.


-----------------
shell=command.com

       While within the program the user can shell to DOS and return 
       to the program by typing "EXIT".

       This "shell=" parameter directs the program to the operating 
       system.


--------
pw_dma=6
pw_irq=10
pw_port=816

       These three "pw" parameters involve the specific support for 
       Pixelworks video graphics adapters.  If you have this type of 
       hardware, consult your Pixelworks manual concerning these 
       variables and their required settings.









                     Parameter File Definitions
                               Page 139




APPENDIX E
==========


Plotter Device Driver Definitions


Plotter Cable Construction

       Computer         Plotter
     (pin number)     (pin number) 

          2 -------------- 3
          3 -------------- 2
         20 -------------- 5
          7 -------------- 7
          6 ------+
                  | jumper
         20 ------+


Plotter Driver Parameters 

Plotter drivers are provided for Houston Instruments and Hewlett 
Packard. 

If you have another type plotter, it will probably emulate one of 
these.  If not, you may need to set up your own plotter parameters 
driver.

Below are listed some of the parameters which may be listed or need to 
be listed in your specific driver.

Use these definitions to modify or create your driver as necessary.


-------
format=

       FORMAT TYPE - This parameter determines the program plotter 
       driver output format. 

       The available settings are:

       format=0 - HPGL - Hewlett Packard Graphics Language
              1 - DMPL - Digital Microprocessor Plotting Language




                   Plotter Device Driver Definitions
                               Page 140




---------
plottype=

       This parameter describes the type of plotter used.

       plottype=1 - Flatbed
                2 - Autoscale

       Flatbed type plotters are rarely used  anymore but if so this 
       parameter will output to them correctly.

       The Autoscale type plotter means that the scale entered in the 
       Plot function menu of the program is ignored and the drawing is 
       automatically scaled to fit the paper.

       This type also would be rarely used since the Plot function 
       contains a Fit To Page option.


-------
arctol=

       ARC TOLERANCE - The arc tolerance determines how smooth arcs 
       and circles will plot.  This is specified in terms of the 
       amount of acceptable error.  The acceptable error is selected 
       in plotter steps. 

       An arc tolerance of 1.0 is best suited for most applications.


------
steps=

       PLOTTER STEPS PER INCH - This parameter is the resolution of 
       your plotter.  This information is in your plotter manual. 

       Specifying the wrong steps per inch will cause your plotter to 
       plot elements incorrectly.  Most plotters specify a 1000.0 
       steps per inch resolution setting.


-----
pens=

	NUMBER OF PENS - Here is where the user specifies the maximum 
	number of pens that their plotter has.




                   Plotter Device Driver Definitions
                               Page 141




------
pause=

       PAUSE BETWEEN PENS - If this parameter is set at "1", the 
       program will stop after each pen number, as assigned in the 
       Plot function menu, and the program will prompt the operator to 
       change pens in the case of single pen plotters.


--------
pensort=

       PEN SORT - This option sorts the elements that are to be 
       plotted by their color.  This is useful when you are using a 
       single pen plotter. 

       If this option is on, all elements of one color will be plotted 
       before a pen change is done.


-----------
output=com2

       CHANGE THE OUTPUT PORT - This parameter allows the user to tell 
       ProCadd Cadd which port the plotter  in connected to.  This 
       will be one  of the COM ports on the system.


----
xon=

       COMMUNICATIONS PROTOCOL - This parameter allows the user to 
       choose XON/XOFF protocol for the driver in question.

       A "1" entered at this parameter denotes the use of XON/XOFF 
       protocol.

       A "0" disables it.


---------
hardwire=

       COMMUNICATIONS PROTOCOL - This parameter allows the user to 
       choose hardwire protocol for the driver in question.  

       (parameter discussion continued next page)



                   Plotter Device Driver Definitions
                               Page 142




       This type is the most common protocol and is used for both 
       Houston Instrument and Hewlett Packard.

       A "1" entered at this parameter denotes the use of hardwire 
       protocol.  A "0" disables it.


---------
velocity=

       PLOTTER VELOCITY - This parameter allows the operator to 
       specify the maximum velocity for the plotter.  Valid Choices 
       are between 1 and 16.  If you doing many plots using a fine ink 
       pen you may want to slow down the plotter to about a velocity 
       of 4.

       If you are using mostly ball point, felt or bold ink pens, you 
       may want to increase the velocity to 16.  

       The most common velocity is 16.


---------
swapp1p2=

       In the case of most plotters, the locations as identified as P1 
       and P2 are bottom left and top right respectively.

       If this option is set to "1", these positions are negated.


----------
read_pen=1

       The plotter is normally connected directly to the machine from 
       which the user plots.  If the plotter is "format=" type "0" or 
       HP, the program will talk to the plotter using the port 
       specified by the "output=" parameter to read the current P1 and 
       P2.

       The "pen_read=" parameter overrides this behavior to allow the 
       user to plot to a disk file, network plotter or a plotter 
       connected to a parallel port.

       If the parameter is set to "0", the program will not try to 
       talk to the plotter.  Instead, it will determine the drawing 

       (parameter discussion continued next page)


                   Plotter Device Driver Definitions
                               Page 143




       area on the paper using the margin parameters. 

       As a side effect, if "format=0" and "pen_read=1", the margins 
       defined in the Plot function are only used to  determine 
       default scaling and are ignored during plotting.


------------
left_margin=
bottom_margin=
right_margin=
top_margin=

       The Left, Bottom, Right and Top Margin plotter parameters are 
       used to set default margins to be used in the Plot function 
       variable options.

       These settings should be specified in decimal numeric inch 
       form.


------------
read_limits=

       This parameter when set true, or "1" instructs the program to 
       read hard clip limits from the plotter to determine the exact 
       size and starting pen position.  This parameter is intended for 
       plotters with pen in center starting points where current pen 
       position does not specify lower left of the plotting area.

       The "read_pen=" parameter when true takes precedence and allows 
       the manual setting of the pen before plotting.


















                   Plotter Device Driver Definitions
                               Page 144




APPENDIX F
==========


Troubleshooting

       1. If there is not a mouse driver currently present, the program 
          will not start.


       2. Occasionally, because of some corruption in the current 
          active file which is loaded upon executing ProCadd, the 
          program may have difficulty loading.

          The active or entity file can be re-initialized by typing the 
          following command from DOS.

          [path]procad dwgini

          Also because of the fact that one of the symbol files, the 
          one last used, is also an entity file and is immediately 
          available when needed without calling it up, it may also be 
          corrupted.

          The active symbol file can be initialized by the following 
          command.

          [path]procad symini






















                           Troubleshooting
                               Page 145


