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Essay Name       : 1069.txt 
Uploader         : Lucky McIntyre
Email Address    : Lucky4150@aol.com
Language         : English
Subject          : Biology
Title            : Two Brains?
Grade            : B+ (89%)
School System    : URI
Country          : USA
Author Comments  : Long time researching... But came out really good
Teacher Comments : Interesting approach to the topic. Well researched!
Date             : Jan. 6 1993
Site found at    : www.Yahoo.com
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Two Brains?

Your brain has two sides.  And each has a distinctly different way of
looking at the world.

        Do you realize that in order for you to read this article, the two
sides of your brain must do completely different things?  The more we
integrate those two sides, the more integrated we become as people.
Integration not only increases our ability to solve problems more
creatively, but to control physical maladies such as epilepsy and migranes,
replace certain damaged brain functions and even learn to "thin" into the
future.  Even more startling is evidence coming to light that we have
become a left-brain culture.

        Your brain's right and left side have distinctly different ways of
looking at the world.  Your two hemispheres are as different from each
other as, oh, Micheal Wilson and Shirley Maclean.  The left brain controls
the right side of the body (this is reversed in about half of the 15
percent of the population that is left-handed) and, in essence, is logical
analytical, judgemental and verbal.  It's interested in the bottom line, in
being efficent.  The right brain controls the left side of the body and
leans more to the creative, the intuitive.  It is concerned more with the
visual and emotional side of life.

        Most people, if they thought about it, would identify more with
their left brain.  In fact, many of us think we are our left brains.  All
of that non-stop verbalization that goes on in our heads is the dominant
left brain talking to itself.  Our culture- particularly our school system
with its emphasis on the three Rs (decidedly left-brain territory) -
effectively represses the intuitive and artistic right brain.  If you don't
believe it, see how far you get at the office with the right brain activity
of daydreaming.

        As you read, your left-side is sensibly making connections and
analysing the meaning of the words, the syntax and other complex relation-
ships while putting it into a "language" you can understand.  Meanwhile,
the right side is providing emotional and even humerous cues, decoding
visual information and maintaining an integrated story structure.

        While all of this is going on, the two sides are constantly
communicating with each other across a connecting fibre tract called the
corpus callosum.  There is a certain amount of overlap but essentially
the two hemispheres of the brain are like two different personalities
that working alone would be somewhat lacking and overspecialized, but
when functioning together bring different strengths and areas of expertise
to make an integrated whole.

        "The primitive cave person probably lived solely in the right
brain," says Eli Bay, president of Relaxation Response Inc., a Toronto
organization that teaches people how to relax.  "As we gained more control
over our environment we became more left-brain oriented until it became
dominant."  To prove this, Bay suggests: "Try going to your boss and saying
"I've got a great hunch."  Chances are your boss will say, "Fine, get me
the logic to back it up."

        The most creative decision making and problem solving come about
when both sides bring their various skills to the table: the left brain
analysing issues, problems and barriers; the right brain generating fresh
approaches; and the left brain translating the into plans of action.

        "In a time of vast change like the present, the intuitive side of
the brain operates so fast it can see what's coming," says Dr. Howard
Eisenberg, a medical doctor with a degree in psychology who has studied
hemispheric relationships.  "The left brain is too slow, but the right
can see around corners."

        Dr. Eisenberg thinks that the preoccupation with the plodding left
brain is one reason for the analysis paralysis he sees affecting world
leaders.  "Good leaders don't lead by reading polls," he says.  "They have
vision and operate to a certain extent by feel."

        There are ways of correcting out cultural overbalance.  Playing
video games, for example, automatically flips you over to the right brain
Bay says.  "Any artistic endavour, like music or sculpture, will also do
it."

        In her best-selling book "Drawing on the Right Side of the Brain
(J.P. Tarcher Inc., 1979), Dr. Betty Edwards developed a series of exercises
designed to help people tap into the right brain, to actually see or process
visual information, differently.  She cites techniques that are as old as
time, and modern high-tech versions such as biofeedback.

        An increasing number of medical professionals beieve that being in
touch with our brain, especially the right half, can help control medical
problems.  For examplem Dr. Eisenberg uses what he calls "imaginal
thinking" to control everything from migranes to asthma, to high blood
pressure.  "We have found," he says, "that by teaching someone to raise to
raise their temperature - by imaging they are sunbathing or in a warm bath
- they can control their circulatory system and terefore the migrane."

        Knowledge of our two-sided brain began in the mid-1800's when
French neurologist Paul Broca discovered that injuries to the left side of
the brain resulted in the loss of speech.  Damage to the right side,
however did not.  Doctors speculated over what this meant.  Was the brain
schizophrenically divided and non-communicative?

        In the early 1960s, Nobel Prize winner Dr. Roger Sperry proved that
patients who had their corpus callosum severed to try and control epileptic
seizures could no longer communicate between their hemispheres.  The
struggle can be seen quite clearly in the postoperative period whe the
patient is asked to do a simple block design.  This is a visual, spacial
task that the left-hand (controlled by the right brain in most of us) can
do very well but the right hand (controlled by the language-oriented left
brain) does poorly.  The right hand may even intervene to mix up the
design.

        Some people with epilepsy can control their seizures by concentrating
activity on the hemisphere that is not affected.  In the case of left lobe
epilepsy, this can be done by engaging in a right-brain activity such as
drawing.

        One intriguing question is why we have two hemispheres at all?  "In
biology you always have the same thing on one side as the other - ears,
lungs, eyes, kidneys, etc." explains Dr. Patricia De Feudis, director of
psychology at Credit Valley Hospital in Mississauga, Ont.  "But with the
brain there is more specialization.  You can have something going on one
side and not not be aware of it in the other."

        Our knowledge of the brain is general is only beginning.  We know
even less about how the hemispheres operate,  Getting in touch with how the
two sides work can only do us good, if just to keep us from walking around
"half-brained". 
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