+@MAIN [Ctrl-A] Add row [Home],[End] Beginning, end of line [Ctrl-B] Break page [PgUp],[PgDn] Scroll one screen up,down [Ctrl-C] Center [Ctrl-Home] Beginning of document [Ctrl-D] Define a key sequence [Ctrl-End] End of document [Ctrl-F] Format [Ctrl-Left] Word left [Ctrl-G] Go to a page [Ctrl-Right] Word right [Ctrl-I] Inhibit page break [Ctrl-PgUp] Row up (add in top row) [Ctrl-J] Justification toggle [Ctrl-PgDn] Row down (add in bottom row) [Ctrl-K] replay a Key sequence [Ctrl-L] repeat Last search [Grey +] Quick search forward [Ctrl-M] Move to right margin [Grey -] Quick search backward [Ctrl-N] insert/edit footNote [Grey *] Synchronization toggle [Ctrl-P] Paste [Ctrl-R] Replace [Fn]c Type char c in font n [Ctrl-S] Search [Fn] [Fn] Switch to font n [Ctrl-T] Tab stop toggle [Fn] [Alt-H] Keyboard chart for font n [Ctrl-W] Delete a word [Ctrl-Z] Zap row [Ctrl-Bksp] Delete line To get help on a specific command, enter the menu by hitting [Esc], move the menu bar onto the desired command and hit [Alt-H]. +Help To get help on a specific command, move the menu bar onto the desired command and hit [Alt-H]. To get general help, leave the menu (by hitting [Esc]) and hit [Alt-H]. +Mark +@MARK To cut and paste a portion of the text, the area to be cut out must be marked. When the "Mark" option is selected, a marker is placed at the cursor position. When the cursor is moved, the marked area between the marker and the cursor is highlighted. Once the desired area is marked, it can be cut out or duplicated into the paste buffer. Afterwards, the Paste command [Ctrl-P] may be used to paste the buffer contents to a different location. It is also possible to write or print the marked area or to change fonts or line spacing in it. In synchronized mode (SYN in the status line), all text between the cursor and the marker is highlighted. In unsynchronized mode, the rectangular area with the cursor in one corner and the marker in the other is highlighted. Note that a character whose bottom half is highlighted is contained in the marked area. If marking was invoked by accident, use the "End" option to cancel it. +@WINDOW You are currently editing a header, footer, footnote or separator. When you are done editing, select "Close" from the menu by hitting [Alt-C] to save the window text and close the window. +End The "End" option cancels the highlighting which is currently in progress. Use this option if you invoked highlighting by accident. +Close You are currently editing a window (containing a header, footer, footnote or separator). The "Close" option saves the window text, closes the window and returns to editing the document. +Cut The "Cut" command cuts out the highlighted area and places it into a paste buffer. To paste it afterwards, move the cursor to the target location and hit [Ctrl-P]. +Duplicate The "Duplicate" command places a copy of the highlighted area into a paste buffer. To paste it afterwards, move the cursor to the target location and hit [Ctrl-P]. +Font chg The "Font Change" command permits changing all highlighted characters or just the highlighted characters in a specific font to a different font. When prompted "From font?", hit a font key to select a specific font or [Return] to select all fonts. When prompted "To font?", hit a font key to select the target font. For example, to change all italics to bold, hit [F3] and [F4]. To change everything to standard, hit [Return] and [F1]. +Reformat The "Reformat" command reformats the highlighted area into ONE paragraph. Any hard returns are changed to soft returns. The last return marker is made hard. This command is useful for merging several paragraphs. When importing ASCII text, use this command to format each paragraph, one at a time. DO NOT highlight the entire document and reformat it unless you want to make the entire document into one paragraph. (It is highly unlikely that you want to do that!) +Glue The "Glue" command glues all highlighted lines together to form ONE tall line. Use this command to combine formulas or tables into one line. +Insert counter The "Insert counter" option inserts a counter at the cursor position. A footnote counter is inserted if you are currently editing a footnote, a page counter otherwise. When the document is printed, the counter is replaced by the actual footnote or page number. On the screen, a footnote counter looks like a foot and a page counter looks like a sheet of paper. +Paste The "Paste" command pastes the contents of the paste buffer at the cursor location. If synchronization is off (no SYN indicator in the status line), you can position the image before pasting it. Use the 4 cursor keys to position, [Return] to accept and paste or [Esc] to cancel the paste command. This command is identical with the [Ctrl-P] edit command. +Format The "Format" command formats the remainder of the current paragraph, from the cursor position to the next hard return. The shape of the resulting paragraph is determined by the current left and right margin settings, the current line spacing and the justification mode. This command is identical with the [Ctrl-F] edit command. +Search The "Search" command searches the text for an occurrence of a search pattern. You will be prompted "Search for ?" Enter the pattern and hit [Return] to start the search. You may change fonts in the usual way with the [Fn] keys. To match the end of a line, enter [Ctrl-Return]. If a match is found, the cursor is moved to it. Otherwise, the cursor returns to the current position. This command is identical with the [Ctrl-S] edit command. +Replace The "Replace" command replaces text matching a pattern string with a replacement string. You will be prompted "Search for ?" Enter the pattern and hit [Return] to start the search. You may change fonts in the usual way with the [Fn] keys. To match the end of a line, enter [Ctrl-Return]. Then you will be prompted "Replace with ?" Enter the replacement string in the same way and hit [Return]. To insert a hard return into the replace- ment string, type [Ctrl-Return]. When a match is found, it is highlighted, and you are prompted "Yes No Global Cancel". "Yes" authorizes the replacement and continues searching "No" disallows the replacement, but continues searching "Global" authorizes the replacement of this and all subsequent matches "Cancel" cancels the command You can always cancel an ongoing replacement by hitting any key. This is particularly useful for aborting a runaway global replace. This command is identical with the [Ctrl-R] edit command. +Screen The "Screen" option allows access to the most frequently used edit commands. The recommended way of accessing these commands is to use the appropriate [Ctrl-...] commands rather than going through the menu. [Ctrl-F] Format [Ctrl-P] Paste [Ctrl-N] footNote [Ctrl-S] Search [Ctrl-R] Replace [Ctrl-L] repeat Last search [Ctrl-C] Center [Ctrl-M] Move to the right margin [Ctrl-A] Add a row +footNote To create a footnote at the cursor position, use the [Ctrl-N] command or the footNote menu option. A window opens up into which the footnote text can be entered. To end the footnote entry, select "Close" from the menu. To revise a footnote, move the cursor onto an existing footnote and hit [Ctrl-N] or select the "footNote" menu option. A window containing the footnote text opens up. To delete a footnote, move the cursor onto it and hit [Del]. +Center The "Center" command centers the contents of the current line. The line is surrounded by two `expanding spaces', which are expanded by the print server to blank regions of the same length. The line is therefore properly centered, even in proportional printing. This command is identical with the [Ctrl-C] edit command. +Move right The "Move right" command moves the contents of the current line so that its end is aligned with the right margin. Before it, an `expanding space' is inserted. The print server expands this space to a blank region of a size that guarantees right alignment even in proportional printing. +Modes The "Mode" command allows changing of the insert, justification and synchronization mode through the menu. Note that the same operations can be achieved faster through the keys [Ins] to toggle insert mode [Grey *] to toggle synchronization mode [Ctrl-J] to toggle justification mode However, the menu commands allow to set or reset one of these modes independent of its previous setting. This is important for key sequences. +Menu line The "Menu line" option allows turning the menu line on or off. If the menu line is turned off, it will only appear when [Esc] or an [Alt-...] option with a secondary menu was selected. +Insert mode In insert mode, inserting characters moves the remainder of the current line to the right before a character is inserted. In overwrite mode, old characters are overwritten by new ones, and the remainder of the line does not move. +Synch mode In synchronized mode, commands affect entire lines. In unsynchronized mode, they affect individual rows. When inserting or deleting in synchronized mode, all rows of the line move together. In unsynchronized mode, only the contents of the cursor row moves. When cutting and pasting in synchronized mode, any linear sequence of text can be specified, with all rows of the specified lines cut simultaneously. In unsynchronized mode, any rectangular area on the screen can be cut and pasted. +Justification mode The justification mode determines whether paragraphs are formatted with a flush or ragged right margin. +Tabs +Set +Clear +Reset to default +Delete all The tabs can be set through the "Tab" menu option or with the [Ctrl-T] command. The [Ctrl-T] edit command toggles the tab stop at the cursor position. The "Set" and "Clear" options prompt for a column number and set or remove a tab stop. The "Reset to default" option sets tab stops at column 6,11,16,... The "Delete all" option clears all tab stops. Before editing a table, you may find it convenient to delete all tab stops and set the ones you need. Afterwards, you can restore the default positions. +Break page +Inhibit break +Remove break The "Break page" option forces a page break after the current line. The "Inhibit break" option Inhibits page breaks immediately after the current line. The "Remove page break" option removes any hard page break after the current line but permits soft page breaks. It cancels both the "Break page" and "Inhibit break" options. It is recommended that you use the [Ctrl-B] and [Ctrl-I] commands instead. [Ctrl-B] toggles a hard page break below the current line. [Ctrl-I] toggles the line in and out of break inhibition mode. Note that the dash separating the line from its successor is a solid dash if page breaks are permitted, dotted otherwise. You will usually want to inhibit breaks after headings, inside tables etc. +Top margin +Bottom margin +Paper length The "Layout Margins Top margin" and "Layout Margins Bottom margin" commands are used to set the number of blank rows on top and bottom of the paper. The "Layout Pagination Paper length" command is used to specify the total amount of rows per sheet of paper. There are 12 rows per inch. The top and bottom margins are kept blank. Therefore, there are "Paper length" - "Top margin" - "Bottom margin" rows available for headers, footers, footnotes and a footnote separator. The pagination algorithm is smart enough to handle headers and footers of varying size and to allot space for the footnote separator only if footnotes are present on the page. +Separator The separator is a line separating footnotes from the rest of the page. It is only printed when footnotes are actually present. Edit it to look like -------------- or any other style you require. +Headers +Footers +Default +Even +page 1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 +9 Different headers and footers can be specified for even/odd pages and for the first nine pages of the document (e.g. for Roman page numbers in an introduction or an address header on page 1). If you create a special header or footer, it overrides the default header. For example, if you define a default header and an even header, the default header appears on odd pages and the even header on even pages. If you create a header or footer by accident, you must delete it again to stop the blank value from overriding the default. To print without page numbers, you can delete the default footer. +font for Page # +font for footNote # You can select the fonts in which page and footnote numbers are printed. When prompted for the font, hit a font key ([Fn] or [Shift-Fn]). You can also suppress their printing by hitting [Return] instead. +Environment This menu option lets you communicate with the "outside world", i.e. floppy or hard disks. You can list or change the document directory, or create space by deleting an unused file. You can load, list and write parameters, key sequences and fonts. You can force modes to be on or off, which is necessary for key sequences. You can turn the menu line on or off. +Key sequences +Define key sequences +Key sequence replay Key sequences are sequences of keystrokes that can be created and replayed. Typical applications are formulas in math or chemistry or boiler plate phrases in letters (E.g. "Please do not hesitate to call me if you have any questions" can be programmed once and replayed with a few keystrokes). To define a key sequence, select the "Define key sequence" option or the [Ctrl-D] edit command. Enter the name of the key sequence. The name is either a sequence of up to 10 characters followed by [Return] (e.g. INTEGRAL [Return]) or one of the keys [Alt-1]...[Alt-0]. Now enter the desired sequence of key strokes. When you are done, hit [Ctrl-D] to terminate the definition. While the definition is in progress, the status line contains a "DF" indicator. To replay a key sequence, use the "Key sequence replay" option or the [Ctrl-K] edit command. Enter the name of the sequence, followed by [Return]. To replay one of the [Alt-1]...[Alt-0] key sequences, just hit the key. If you want to use the key sequence in future Chiwriter sessions, you MUST save it before leaving the program. Use the "Environment Key sequences Write" option. +Go Start printing. Make sure the printer is turned on before issuing the command. If you want to print from a file or to a file, you must select the appropriate option before selecting "Go". +Configuration The ChiWriter configuration is the collection of all modes and defaults that are currently set. You can save the configuration to disk with the "Configuration Write" option and retrieve it later when you need the same collection of settings. If you save it onto "CONFIG.PAR", it will be loaded in automatically next time ChiWriter starts. You can read a configuration from disk with the "Configuration Read" command. The configuration consists of the following settings: * Insert, justification and synch mode * Line spacing, margins, paper length and tab stops * Fonts, key sequence file and printer driver * Printing pitch, quality and margin offset * Menu line displayed/hidden * Fonts for page and footnote numbers * Automatic backup frequency * Maximum number of fonts and key sequences. +Backup frequency You can select the number between automatic backups. ChiWriter periodically backs up the document onto the file BACKUP.CHI to protect you against power problems or other problems. If you like that kind of protection and don't mind having your work inter- rupted occasionally, set the backup frequency to 15 or 30 minutes. If you hate the idea of having your work interrupted, set the frequency to a very large value. The default is 9999 minutes, more than 6 days and 22 hours. +Change name When you select "Write Document" or "Write Export ASCII", the document is saved onto the same file it was loaded from or onto the file you specified when creating a blank document. Use this option to change the file onto which the document will be written. For example, if you read the outline of a boiler plate letter from a template, you must use this option to change the name before writing the letter to disk, or the template will be overwritten. +Pitch AVAILABLE OPTIONS: "Pica" Print 10 characters per inch "Elite" Print 12 characters per inch "Proportional" Print using proportional fonts. Not all printers support all pitch/quality combinations. +Quality AVAILABLE OPTIONS: "Letter Quality" Use letter quality fonts "Draft" Use the fastest printing fonts possible "Enhanced" Use enhanced mode (usually between draft and letter quality in speed and appearance.) Not all printers support all pitch/quality combinations. +Numbering +first Page # +first footNote # +Reset before printing You can select the first page and footnote numbers to be printed. The number you select really is the first number to be printed, even if you start printing from the middle of the document. For example, if you start printing from the third page of the document and specify starting page number 10, the first printed page (i.e. page 3 of the document) will be numbered as page 10. Normally, the selected first page and footnote number are used when printing is requested. However, when "Reset before printing" is turned off, the page and footnote numbering picks up where the previous printout ended. This is useful when printing a chapter that has been cut into two documents. +From page +To page Specify the first/last page to be printed. Use the document page numbers (the page numbers displayed in the status line), starting with page 1, They may be different from the printed page numbers if the starting page # has been changed. For example, if you want to print the third to fifth page of the document, specify "From page 3 to page 5", even though you may have instructed the printed page numbers to be different with the "first Page #" option. The defaults are from page 1 to page 9999. +From file A document can be printed from a file. It is then loaded and printed one line at a time. Therefore, not much memory space is needed to accommodate it which is important if you have little memory and need the space for the printer fonts. The current document is deleted to create space to hold the printer fonts and the headers/footers/footnotes of the document to be printed. +To file Instead of sending code to the printer, you can send the same code to a file. The sole use of this is that you can later copy that file to the printer from outside Chiwriter. The file will contain motion and graphics control codes and will be unreadable by a regular word processor. +Change printer Select a different printer. You will be given a list of printer descriptor files. Highlight the one you need and hit [Return]. You will then be asked whether you want to make your choice permanent or not. Consult the PRINTERS.CHI file on your distribution disk to find out which printer descriptor file is appropriate for your printer. +Margin offset This is the column position on the printer at which printing starts. To start at the first possible position, specify column 1. To center a 66 column line on an 80 column printer, specify column 9. +Quit Quit Chiwriter. If you have not saved your document, you will be asked whether you want to proceed to DOS or cancel the "Quit" command.