                   Transponder Volume 5 No 8 - May 3 1994

                                  Part 1 of 3

      This issue of Transponder has been released into the public domain
                     with permission from the publishers.

                   ----------------------------------------

                                 In this Issue

                                    Part 1

    * Hot Bird 2 contract goes to Matra Marconi
    * Maxat opens up new horizons with its Hot Bird offer
    * Papua New Guinea switches to Intelsat
    * South Africa becomes 73rd Inmarsat member
    * British Aerospace Space Systems awarded SKYNET contract
    * Matra Marconi Space wins Queen's Award for Exports
    * McDonnell Douglas signs contract with Motorola to launch Iridium

                                    Part 2

    * Top 20 Satellite TV Programmes
    * BARB Satellite/Cable Viewing Figures
    * Sky puts a tiger in your tank
    * NBC Super Channel initiates tri-lingual promotions service
    * MTV Europe announces first annual European music awards show
    * Red Hot to recommence it's broadcasts?
    * TV69 "abandons VC II encryption"
    * Interactive TV advertising
    * Bill Roedy promoted to President MTV Networks Europe
    * Sunday Times Editor on loan to Fox TV
    * New DTH executive for Sky
    * Sega Marketing Director joins Sky Television
    * MBC move premises

                                    Part 3

    * Radio Radio
    * C-Band Update
    * Transponder Monitor

                   ----------------------------------------

    Transponder

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    Editor            - David Thorpe
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                      - John Hockenhull

    Published 24 time per year

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                   ----------------------------------------

                   Hot Bird 2 contract goes to Matra Marconi

    Eutelsat has signed the contract with  Matra Marconi Space to build the
    Organisation's new television satellite for  13 degrees East - Hot Bird
    2 - and retains  options for further satellites for  possible launch in
    1997 and beyond.  The new satellite will be delivered  in 27 months and
    launched in  August 1996. It will  add 20 transponders to  the capacity
    provided today  at 13 degrees East  by Eutelsat II F1  and very soon by
    the Hot Bird 1 satellite which is on course for launch later this year.
    As you  will note, Eutelsat  have decided to  rename Eutelsat II  F6 to
    "Hot Bird 1" while Hot Bird Plus has been renamed "Hot Bird 2".

    The Board of  Signatories has decided to finalise  negotiations for the
    launch contract  of Hot Bird 2  with General Dynamics for  an Atlas IIA
    rocket,  Arianespace's manifest  being currently  booked for  mid-1996.
    Should these  negotiations be unsuccessful discussions  will be resumed
    with Arianespace. In addition, an Ariane 5 launch will be reserved with
    Arianespace  for  mid-1997  for  a  future  Eutelsat  satellite,  while
    discussions  are continuing  with Khrunichev  in Moscow  in relation to
    launch conditions with Proton.

    Eutelsat profits in 1993 rose by 10 per cent to ECU33.6 million (1992 -
    ECU30.4 million) on income of ECU244 million (1992 - ECU232 million).

    The  increase  was  due  to  continued  growth  in  almost all areas of
    Eutelsat's  activities,  in  particular   with  the  addition  of  more
    television  channels, and  the setting  up of  new business networks on
    Eutelsat II F4 which generated over 40 per cent more income.

    Eutelsat  has  also  completed  arrangements  for  a  new  headquarters
    building  on   the  edge  of   the  Andre-Citroen  park   in  the  15th
    arrondissement of Paris. The negotiations were concluded with the Ville
    de Paris  via Semea XV for  the site, Batir of  the Bouygues Immobilier
    group for the construction of the  9,000 square metre building, and the
    life  insurance companies  of the  Caisse d'Epargne  network and of the
    Poste whose property investments are carried out with the assistance of
    the Caisse des  Depots et Consignations as investors.  The new building
    will  be functional  and well  suited to  Eutelsat's specific needs. It
    will be ready for the Organisation in summer 1996.

    Eutelsat have confirmed to us this week that Eutelsat I F1 is currently
    located  at  48  degrees  East  correcting  some  published  data  that
    indicated that the satellite was positioned further East.

              Maxat opens up new horizons with its Hot Bird offer

    Maxat  will offer  broadcasters and  programme producers  a new digital
    satellite  service following  the launch  of the  Hot Bird  1 satellite
    later  this year.  The new  service will  provide both  large and small
    television groups  with the opportunity  to exploit the  advantages and
    benefits of  digital compression throughout the  extensive footprint of
    the satellite, which includes Eastern Europe and the Middle East.

    The  Maxat offer  will be  based  on  a flexible  multiple channel  per
    carrier (MCPC)  option. The MCPC  link will allow  up to four  separate
    channels to be multiplexed together  and then uplinked to the satellite
    at  13  degrees  East.  From  here  the  signal  has enough power to be
    transmitted either Direct-to-Home or to  individual cable head ends for
    distribution via the respective European cable networks.

    Daniel Nabet, Head of Broadcast  Services at Maxat, commented: "This is
    Maxat's second major digital offer, closely following the transatlantic
    digital service announced in NAB in March."

    "The European  Direct-to-Home and cable market  is growing rapidly, and
    by offering simple and easy satellite distribution we hope to help open
    up the sector to more competition."

                     Papua New Guinea switches to Intelsat

    A recently concluded agreement between  the Post and Telecommunications
    Corporation  of  Papua  New  Guinea  and  Intelsat  will  result in the
    transfer of all Papua  New Guinea's domestic telecommunications traffic
    from the  Palapa satellite system  to the Intelsat  system beginning in
    September 1994.

    Papua New Guinea's domestic network, which will provide public switched
    telephony and data services, will initially  operate in a 36 Mhz global
    beam  transponder on  the Intelsat  503 satellite  at 183 degrees East,
    with an  option to expand  to two  36  Mhz units in  September 1995. In
    mid-1996, when the  Intelsat 701 satellite is available  at 180 degrees
    East, the network  will move to this location,  receiving greater power
    and coverage flexibility.

    Papua New Guinea  joins the nearly 40 other  countries that have chosen
    Intelsat to provide their domestic communications services. The move to
    Intelsat is designed to upgrade Papua New Guinea's immediate short-term
    capabilities and expand the country's long-term communications options.
    Intelsat  has  offered  technical  assistance  to  aid  in  the service
    transition.

    Steven Gagau, Executive Manager for International Telecommunications of
    the Papua New  Guinea PTC explained: "The decision  to move to Intelsat
    was based upon what Intelsat can  offer us for our long-term growth. We
    wanted the capability to expand and upgrade our requirements as traffic
    increases, and Intelsat gives us that potential. Additionally, Intelsat
    is providing  us with technical  assistance and free  use of the  space
    segment  during  the  conversion  period,  to  assure  a smooth service
    transition. This  kind of assistance  is invaluable, no  other operator
    offered us this kind of package."

                   South Africa becomes 73rd Inmarsat member

    South  Africa  has  become  the  73rd  member  of  Inmarsat and will be
    represented  by  Telekom  SA  as  the  country's  signatory shareholder
    organisation.

    South Africa  becomes the tenth  African country to  join Inmarsat. The
    others  are  Algeria,  Cameroon,  Egypt,  Gabon, Mauritius, Mozambique,
    Nigeria and Tunisia.

    Dr Mohamed El-Amin, Inmarsat's Manager  of Regional Projects, said: "We
    are pleased to welcome South Africa as  a member of Inmarsat, at a time
    when  our  activities  in  the  continent  are expanding rapidly. South
    Africa  is already  one of  the larger  users of  Inmarsat services  in
    Africa,   particularly   in   road   transportation   and  remote  area
    communications."

    "Currently  more than  40 African  countries, many  of whom  are in the
    process  of  joining,  use  Inmarsat  mobile  terminals to ensure basic
    telecommunications services  between urban centres and  the most remote
    areas, especially  where the national network  is either inefficient or
    non-existent."

    "With telephone and fax links still so difficult across much of Africa,
    Inmarsat is working closely with members and non-members in the region,
    as well as with the Pan African Telecommunication Union (PATU), to help
    bring  the  continent's  communities  closer  together  using  the most
    advanced telecommunications technology presently available."

            British Aerospace Space Systems awarded SKYNET contract

    The  UK Government  has awarded  a contract  to British Aerospace Space
    Systems to build two additional SKYNET Series 4 military communications
    satellites. These will be the 6th and 7th satellites in the series with
    3 -  SKYNET 4A,  4B &  4C -  already launched  with a  further 2  being
    launched  as   NATO  IVA  and   IVB  for  the   North  Atlantic  Treaty
    Organisation.

    The satellites are described as the second phase of the SKYNET 4 Series
    with plans for a new generation  of military satellites to be built and
    launched by 2003. The satellites will  be a development of the original
    ECS (Eutelsat Series I) platform -  now called the SKYNET platform with
    a communications payload operating in the UHF, X and EHF (42Ghz) bands

    Arianespace  has   been  approached  by   British  Aerospace  to   open
    negotiations  for  launch  facilities  with  a  contract expected to be
    signed in the very near future.

    This year sees the 20th anniversary of  the launch of SKYNET 2B, one of
    the UK  Ministry of Defence's early  military communications satellites
    built by Marconi Space, Portsmouth, now Matra Marconi Space. It is also
    the  Silver  Jubilee  of  the  SKYNET  programme  and  25  years of MOD
    involvement in satellite communications.

    With an original design life of 5 years and long since exhausted of any
    operational value, SKYNET  2B should have taken its  place in the great
    satellite graveyard  in space. Amazingly,  however, recent measurements
    taken  at  the  Defence  Research  Agency's  satellite test facility at
    Defford have not only shown that the two communication transponders are
    still   functioning,  but   that   they   still  meet   their  original
    specifications.

    During  its operational  life in   the 1970's,  SKYNET 2B  provided the
    backbone of the UK's strategic military communications and spawned some
    world-beating new earth station types for use by the British Forces.

    When SKYNET  2B exhausted its  operational life, it  lost the power  to
    maintain its precise perch in geostationary orbit and began a long lazy
    'walk-about' in space, swinging like  a pendulum in an equatorial orbit
    from 0 - 150 degrees in a roughly 2 year cycle.

    Currently there  are 3 operational  SKYNET 4 satellites  with SKYNET 4B
    and 4C located a 1 degree West and SKYNET 4A located at 6 degrees West.
    The most  recent addition to the  SKYNET satellites was NATO  IVB which
    was launched on December 7 1993 by a McDonnell Douglas Delta rocket.

              Matra Marconi Space wins Queen's Award for Exports

    Her Majesty The Queen has awarded Matra Marconi Space The Queen's Award
    for  Export Achievements,  1994. Matra  Marconi Space  UK, becomes  the
    first space company to be honoured with this award.

    The  award acknowledges  Matra Marconi  Space's record  in achieving  a
    sustained  high percentage  of exports  to total  sales, a  significant
    investment  in   resources,  both  in  staff   and  facilities,  and  a
    world-class reputation for technical excellence and performance.

    Roger Wood, Managing Director of Matra  Marconi Space UK said: "It is a
    major  milestone  in  the  development  of  the  UK  and European space
    industry. It not only recognises an exceptional export achievement, but
    also the evolution  of the UK space industry  into the leading European
    supplier successfully competing in the world-wide marketplace."

    In recent  years around two-thirds  of the Company's  business has been
    won in international markets. Recent export successes include producing
    the communications  payload for 18  international satellites, including
    those for:

        * NATO IV - Alliance communications
        * Eutelsat II - European regional civil communications
        * Hispasat - Spanish national communications
        * Inmarsat 3 - International maritime communications
        * Koreasat - Korean national communications

    The five  Inmarsat 3 payloads  currently under manufacture  and test at
    Portsmouth for  a first launch  in 1995 are  the world's most  advanced
    mobile  communications  systems.   Won  against  intense  international
    competition, they exemplify Matra  Marconi Space's contribution over 30
    years to  space engineering as  a producer of  technically advanced and
    innovative space systems and equipment.

    18  satellites  carrying  major  Matra  Marconi  Space  UK  systems are
    currently operating in space.

       McDonnell Douglas signs contract with Motorola to launch Iridium

    McDonnell  Douglas  Corporation  have  announced  that  it has signed a
    contract  valued in  excess of  $400 million  with Motorola's Satellite
    Communications Division,  Chandler, Arizona, to launch  the majority of
    the   satellites   needed   to   form   the   global  wireless  Iridium
    Telecommunications network.

    The $3.37 billion Iridium System will provide global wireless hand-held
    telecommunications services including voice,  fax, data, and paging via
    66 lightweight satellites in low-earth orbit.

    The  satellites will  be placed   in six  orbital planes  consisting of
    eleven satellites each, positioned 420  nautical miles above the earth.
    The satellites  will be interconnected  through cross-links to  provide
    complete  coverage of  the earth's  surface. Plans  call for  the first
    launch  to take  place in  1996 with  commercial service anticipated in
    1998.

    The contract announced  on 14 April is the  largest commercial contract
    McDonnell  Douglas  has  received  as  a  provider  of satellite launch
    services.  The agreement  calls for  McDonnell Douglas  to launch eight
    Delta  II  launch  vehicles  to  place  40 communications satellites in
    low-earth orbit.

    Launch  services for  the remaining  complement of  satellites will  be
    provided by  Khrunichev State Research and  Production Space Centre and
    China Great Wall Industries of the Peoples Republic of China.

    As prime contractor to Iridium, Inc. for the telecommunications system,
    Motorola's Satellite Communications Division  will provide key elements
    of  the  spacecraft   payload,  including  communications  electronics,
    gateway and  cross link antennas  and final spacecraft  integration and
    test.

    Commenting on  the arrangement, Tom Burson,  Vice President and General
    Manager of McDonnell Douglas Space Transportation Division, said: "This
    is an historic agreement because it  brings together a consortium of US
    companies  with Russian  and Chinese  businesses to  establish a global
    telecommunications system  that will be  beneficial to people  all over
    the world."

    "We recognise  that Motorola selected McDonnell  Douglas because of the
    Delta launcher's demonstrated reliable performance - a 99% success rate
    over the last  16 years, with 48 consecutive  successful launches since
    1986," said Burson.

    Durrell  Hillis,  Corporate  Vice  President  and  General  Manager  of
    Motorola's  Satellite  Communications  Division,  said:  "We  are  very
    enthusiastic  about working  with McDonnell  Douglas and  are confident
    that using McDonnell  Douglas will allow us to  maintain our aggressive
    two-year launch  schedule. The combination of  McDonnell Douglas' Delta
    with our other launch providers will provide the essential diversity to
    ensure  the  Iridium  System   achieves  its  operational  and  service
    objectives on schedule."

    The Iridium System will allow subscribers to use pocket-sized hand-held
    wireless telephones  to communicate with virtually  any other telephone
    in the world. Communications will  be relayed via satellite and through
    ground-based  gateways, placed  in  key  regions world-wide,  that will
    interconnect   with   public   telephone   networks.   In  areas  where
    conventional terrestrial  cellular service is  available and compatible
    with Iridium Dual-mode telephones, the subscribers' communications will
    transmit over the cellular network.

                   ----------------------------------------

    End of Part 1
                   Transponder Volume 5 No 8 - May 3 1994

                                  Part 2 of 3

      This issue of Transponder has been released into the public domain
                     with permission from the publishers.

                   ----------------------------------------

                        Top 20 Satellite TV Programmes
                            (Figures in 000,000's)

                           Week ending April 10 1994

         1    Football                        0.76    Sky 1
         2    Football Match                  0.72    Sky Sports
         3    Simpsons                        0.62    Sky 1
         4    Lethal Weapon 3                 0.55    Movie Channel
         5    Cobra                           0.51    Sky Movies
         6    Beethoven                       0.50    Sky Movies
         7    Deep Space Nine                 0.49    Sky 1
         8    Highlander                      0.47    Sky 1
         9    Beverly Hills 90210             0.45    Sky 1
        10    Star Trek Originals (Wed)       0.43    Sky 1
        11    California   Man                0.43    Sky Movies
        12    X-Files                         0.42    Sky 1
        13    Star  Trek  Originals  (Thu)    0.41    Sky 1
        14    Star Trek VI                    0.40    Sky Movies
        15    Star Trek Originals (Tue)       0.39    Sky 1
        16    Final Justice                   0.39    Sky 1
        17    Hook                            0.38    Movie Channel
        18    Basic Instinct                  0.35    Movie Channel
        19    Cricket (Fri)                   0.32    Sky Sports
        20    Father of the Bride             0.32    Sky Movies

                           Week ending April 17 1994

         1    FA Cup                          1.27    Sky 1
         2    Football Match                  0.93    Sky Sports
         3    Football (Sat)                  0.77    Sky 1
         4    Simpsons                        0.74    Sky 1
         5    White Men Can't Jump            0.72    Movie Channel
         6    Football (Sun)                  0.59    Sky 1
         7    Beverly Hills 90210             0.46    Sky 1
         8    White Sands                     0.46    Sky Movies
         9    Deep Space Nine                 0.44    Sky 1
        10    Highlander                      0.43    Sky 1
        11    League of their Own             0.42    Movie Channel
        12    Star Trek Originals (Wed)       0.41    Sky 1
        13    Cops                            0.39    Sky 1
        14    Star Trek Originals (Tue)       0.38    Sky 1
        15    The Bill (Wed)                  0.34    UK Gold
        16    Cricket (Wed)                   0.32    Sky Sports
        17    Cricket (Tue)                   0.30    Sky Sports
        18    Trancers 3                      0.30    Movie Channel
        19    The Bill (Tue)                  0.29    UK Gold
        20    Sinking/Rainbow Warr            0.28    Sky Movies

                   ----------------------------------------

                     BARB Satellite/Cable Viewing Figures
                             (Average Weekly Share)

    Week Ending           10/04/94  03/04/94  03/04/94  27/03/94  20/03/94

    Sky One                 5.5       7.5       5.4       5.2       6.5
    Sky News                1.0       1.0       1.2       1.1       1.0
    Sky Sports              5.4       5.4       5.4       7.2       5.0
    The Movie Channel       4.4       3.7       4.0       2.9       3.9
    Sky Movies              4.9       3.9       4.6       4.7       3.3
    Sky Movies Gold         0.7       0.5       1.0       0.5       0.7
    Bravo                   0.5       0.7       0.8       0.6       0.6
    Discovery               0.6       0.7       0.8       0.8       0.9
    Eurosport               1.0       1.1       0.9       0.9       0.8
    MTV                     1.1       1.1       1.3       1.2       1.2
    Nickelodeon             1.2       0.9       1.2       1.0       1.0
    The Childrens Channel   0.8       0.8       0.9       0.8       0.8
    The Family Channel      0.3       0.2       0.3       0.4       0.5
    TNT/Cartoon Network     2.1       2.0       2.1       1.9       1.8
    UK Gold                 2.1       2.5       2.7       2.5       2.9
    UK Living               0.4       0.6       0.5       0.5       0.6
    Other Non Terrestrial   2.9       3.2       3.0       2.8       2.9

                   ----------------------------------------

                         Sky puts a tiger in your tank

    Sky Television  has joined forces  with leading petroleum  company Esso
    for a major forecourt promotion.

    Around  the country  over 1.6  million  people  per day  will have  the
    opportunity to win tickets to major  sporting events in Britain and the
    USA, a trip  to Hollywood or a Pace satellite  system when they use the
    Tigerwash carwash at 400 participating petrol stations.

    Sky's "Spot the Basketball" competition  also entitles every entrant to
    twelve months  interest free credit  on any satellite  system purchased
    via electrical multiple Comet.

          NBC Super Channel initiates tri-lingual promotions service

    Form 1 May, NBC Super Channel will air a series of programme promotions
    available in three languages (English,  German and Dutch). This will be
    of a generic nature and will include daily weather forecasts as well as
    the main channel logos.

    As  part  of  the  channel's  long-term  drive to integrate tri-lingual
    services, this area will develop  rapidly and Dutch, Flemish and German
    cable  operators should  ensure that  their systems  are receiving  the
    correct sound track.

        The relevant sound channels are:

        English language - 6.65 mhz Non Companded analogue
        Dutch language - 7.02 mhz Wegener Panda 1
        German language - 7.20 mhz Wegener Panda 1

    The  first promotion  of this  type was  an audience research promotion
    which aired 20 April.

    NBC  Super Channel  is already  broadcasting some  programmes in  their
    original language  with English subtitles,  such as the  popular weekly
    German political magazine show, Frontal, recently acquired from ZDF and
    the  action-adventure   documentary  Ushuaia,  from   France's  leading
    commercial  channel,  TF1.  The   tri-lingual  promotions  will  be  an
    expansion of this service.

    Ruud Hendriks,  Managing Director of  NBC Super Channel  said: "This is
    the  first  step  towards  making  our  programming  more accessible to
    viewers  in   different  countries  and   will  be  followed   by  more
    multi-lingual  broadcasting  as  well  as  extensive  subtitling in the
    summer."

         MTV Europe announces first annual European music awards show

    Chief Executive Bill Roedy has announced  that MTV Europe is to present
    an annual  European music awards show.  "We are breaking new  ground by
    launching  the  first  awards  event  to  reflect  the  music tastes of
    Europe," said Mr  Roedy. "Berlin, with its mix  of internationalism and
    youthful vibrancy, has a close affinity  with MTV making it the natural
    choice  of venue  to kick  off  what  is set  to become  the definitive
    Europe-based celebration of musical excellence."

    "The first annual MTV European Music Awards will be carried live to our
    network of  some 60 million European  homes and will reach  a potential
    global audience of over 283  million households via our MTV affiliates,
    "adds Mr Roedy.

    The  MTV European  Music Awards  are set  to take  place on 24 November
    1994.  The show,  which will  be hosted  by an international celebrity,
    will feature live performances and star presenters. Finalists in a wide
    variety of categories will be selected  by an academy of European music
    industry professionals.

    Brent Hansen,  MTV Europe's Director of  Programming & Production said:
    "Our  objective is  to produce  a show  with a  format unlike any other
    award event. Although  we are still in the  planning stages, we already
    have a great  creative team on board and  will be unveiling spectacular
    surprises over the coming months."

                    Red Hot to recommence it's broadcasts?

    "Red Hot will  commence broadcasts on the evening/morning  of 27/28 May
    1994"  so says  Mr Garner  - the  channels "Executive consultant". "The
    encryption system  will be SAVE  with subscription costs  set at $70.00
    P.A., which  will include the  decoder costs" (unless  you already have
    one Ed....)

    The channel claims that broadcasts will be seven nights per week, three
    hours per  night. The new  format will  be  "70% in the  clear, sex and
    non-sex  adult  programming,  30%  hard  core  encrypted"  .Advertising
    revenue will now cover a considerable percentage of the overhead costs.
    "All subscriptions  will be sold  direct through media  advertising, no
    sales whatsoever will happen through dealers".

    Sources  within  the  industry  remain  somewhat  sceptical about these
    claims however especially as there appears  to be no indication of firm
    transponder  leasing.  The  channels  former  transponder  has now been
    leased to  rival porn merchants  TV69 who claim  to be launching  their
    service within the next few days.

                       TV69 "abandons VC II encryption"

    TV  69 -  who previously  claimed  to  have secured  the Videocrypt  II
    encryption system - have announced that they have abandoned their plans
    to use the European version of Videocrypt and now claim to be launching
    in D2-MAC/Eurocrypt. Our investigations have failed to come up with any
    proof that TV 69 ever had agreed  terms with Multichoice for the use of
    the system. The  channels switch to D2-MAC is also  not 100% certain as
    our sources have indicated that the channel has yet to reach agreements
    for the  use of the  transmission standard and  the necessary Eurocrypt
    encryption system.

    Further announcements  this week from  the fledgling porn  channel will
    undoubtedly be of more interest to Mental Welfare professionals than to
    Satellite dealers  and distributors. Mr Gorm  Oldorf the self appointed
    "king  of TV  Porn" has  announced that  the channel  will be  offering
    additional  merchandising which  includes a  clothing catalogue  called
    "Rape Clothing".  One of our  sources has told  us this week  that when
    challenged about the  name of the catalogue, Mr Oldorf  is said to have
    replied; "when I see women dressed in  this type of clothing, I want to
    rape them".

                          Interactive TV advertising

    First in the  world Saraxa Group, Finland have  introduced a system for
    broadcasters  for  interactive  TV  advertising.  TOSS  CDI  (Telephone
    Operated Spot System) uses Philips CDI Digital Video (MPEG-1) - quality
    picture and  interactive telephone software with  a result that viewers
    can participate in the commercial interactively and decide the looks of
    the commercial with real time based controlling.

    World-wide  network of  CDI Studios  guarantee production  services for
    advertising  agencies  to  handle  the  complicated  work  of CDI-based
    commercials.

    TV3,  channel 3  of Finland  and Saraxa  Group have  agreed on starting
    Interactive  Advertising  within  a  separate  time  slot  starting  to
    broadcast no later than autumn 1994.

    "Interactive  TV commercials  are a  challenging task  for anyone.  The
    point is to  keep in mind that the selected  outcome has to support the
    advertising message  whatever path the viewers  may select." said Hannu
    Kossila, CEO  for Saraxa Group. "Our  system takes care of  the viewers
    from the very first moment the viewer decides to phone in. TOSS CDI can
    process reports of  different kinds, and also record  feedback from the
    viewers and even pay their orders with credit card automatically."

    "We have also created a special interactive TV commercial format, where
    advertisers  only  place  their  own  product  material. There are many
    multi-national corporations who are already creating their own concepts
    and Finland serves beautifully as a test market as it has so many times
    served  for different  product testing.  We have  consulted most of the
    international advertising  agencies like McCann, Sek  & Grey, Saatchi &
    Saatchi amongst  others and they  all like this  new innovative way  of
    advertising," Hannu Kossila continued.

    Nokia and  Saraxa Group have made  a cooperation agreement in  order to
    combine TOSS CDI  and Nokia pay-TV products Interactive  TV system. The
    agreement also includes Saraxa's other CDI based solutions.

             Bill Roedy promoted to President MTV Networks Europe

    Bill  Roedy  has  been  promoted  to  President  of MTV Networks Europe
    effective immediately. Bill Roedy has  served as Managing Director, MTV
    Europe for the last five and a half years.

    During this time MTV Europe became a profitable venture and a model for
    success  in the  world of  new  European  media. "This  promotion is  a
    testament not  only to Bill's excellent  performance and leadership but
    also to the increasing scope of our company's business in Europe," said
    Tom Freston, Chairman and CEO MTV Networks.

    MTV Europe  has grown into  MTV Networks Europe  which consists of  MTV
    Europe,  a German  specific MTV  feed, a  teletext service, various MTV
    related ancillary businesses and , most notably, VH-1 UK, a new network
    which will be  launched in September 1994. MTV  Networks Europe is also
    developing and considering a number  of other business opportunities in
    Europe.

                     Sunday Times Editor on loan to Fox TV

    Rupert Murdoch,  Chairman and Chief Executive  of the News Corporation,
    has announced  that Andrew Neil, Editor  of The Sunday Times,  is being
    seconded to New York for seven months, starting on June 1, 1994.

    In New York, Mr Neil will help  to launch Fox TV network's new flagship
    current affairs programme as Executive Editor and star correspondent.

    Mr  Murdoch said:  "The company  is fortunate  to have  the talents  of
    someone like Andrew to call on  at this important time in Fox's current
    affairs development. His track record on  both sides of the Atlantic in
    both  press and  television is  impressive and  his experience  will be
    invaluable."

                           New DTH executive for Sky

    Sky  Television  have  appointed  Jon  Florsheim  as Marketing Director
    (Direct to Home).

    Mr  Florsheim  will  be  responsible  for  the  company's DTH marketing
    activities,  and  is  part  of  a  major  restructuring  geared towards
    increasing the support given to retailers.

    He joins Sky after four years  with high street retailers Dixons, where
    he was brown goods Marketing Director.

    Ian West, Sky's Marketing Director,  Network Development said: "Jon has
    been highly successful in his career to  date and will pass on to Sky's
    authorised agents a wealth of  experience from the brown goods industry
    - including of course,  assistance and advice on how  to increase their
    satellite sales."

    Commenting on his appointment, Jon  said: "I need to rapidly understand
    the  market requirements.  Our objective  is to  sell over  one million
    dishes  this year  through a   close partnership  with the  brown goods
    retailers and manufacturers."

                 Sega Marketing Director joins Sky Television

    Sky  Television  have  announced  that  Philip  Ley, European Marketing
    Director  for Sega,  is to   join the  satellite television  company as
    Marketing Director, effective 1 June 1994.

    He moves to Sky after five years with Sega Europe, where he was part of
    the team responsible for developing Sega's European Games business.

    Mr  Ley's  responsibilities  at  Sky  will  include  all aspects of the
    company's marketing function,  including advertising, promotions, brand
    management,  as  well  as  close  involvement  in  PR  and distribution
    activities.

    Mr Ley will report to David Chance, Sky's Deputy Managing Director, who
    said: "We are delighted  to have Philip join Sky at what  is one of the
    most interesting  and exciting times of  our development. Philip brings
    to Sky a  wealth of management experience and  marketing expertise that
    will  help   accelerate  Sky's  market  growth   and  penetration.  His
    particular  skills   are  well  recognised   throughout  the  marketing
    fraternity  and  we  are  fortunate  to  attract  him  to head up Sky's
    marketing activities."

    Barry Jafrato, European Product Director  at Sega Europe said: "We wish
    Philip the very best at Sky. He  has been a long-standing member of the
    team and has done a great job in helping make the Sega brand what it is
    today."

    Sky Television have also announced  the appointment of Simon Morris and
    Jim Hytner, who join the company's Marketing Department on 1 June 1994.

    Mr  Morris  will  become  Consumer  Marketing  Director and Jim Hytner,
    Marketing Manager.

    Both join Sky from Sega as did Sky's new Marketing Director Philip Ley.
    Reporting  to Mr  Ley, Simon  Morris and  Jim Hytner's responsibilities
    include promotion, advertising and brand management.

    Simon  Morris was  Sega's UK   Marketing Director,  having been  at the
    company almost four years and  Jim Hytner was Sega's European Marketing
    Manager - also working closely with Philip Ley.

                               MBC move premises

    Construction  at MBC's  new  studios  and headquarters  at Silverthorne
    Road, Battersea is  now well underway and staff  are scheduled to start
    moving in from mid-September.

    The new 65,000  square foot air conditioned building  has been designed
    to MBC's  requirements by Design  Consultants and the  major contractor
    AMEC.

    The buildings will  house two studios - the news  studio will be around
    1000 sq  ft and the  features studio nearly  2000 sq ft.  There will be
    four ENG editing facilities, three  main edit suites, a graphics suite,
    viewing facilities,  a large library,  satellite links, a  canteen with
    Arabic and European food and ample office space.

                   ----------------------------------------

    End of part 2
                   Transponder Volume 5 No 8 - May 3 1994

                                  Part 3 of 3

      This issue of Transponder has been released into the public domain
                     with permission from the publishers.

                   ----------------------------------------
                                  Radio Radio

                              By John Hockenhull

    Starting for this issue with Astra, World Radio Network (WRN 1) has now
    fully moved to the 7.38 mhz  subcarrier of transponder 22. The 7.74 mhz
    subcarrier is presently carrying a message advising of the move.

    Number One FM and Klas FM both ceased broadcasts from the 8.10 and 7.56
    mhz subcarriers of HBB TV on Eutelsat II F3 following the transmissions
    of 17 April. Both of these radio stations are now available on the back
    of ATV on Eutelsat II F2.

    On  Eutelsat  II  F1  a  new  French  language  radio station commenced
    broadcasts from the 7.74 mhz subcarrier of TV5 Europe on 29 April.

    The  station, which  broadcasts for  24 hours  per day,  is the  French
    language  service of  Swiss  Radio  International. The  station usually
    callsigns itself as Radio Suisse International although it occasionally
    also  uses Radio  Suisse Romande  -  which  is the  name of  the French
    language network in Switzerland.

    The station  appears to spend  much of its  time duplicating the  Short
    Wave service  at 6165 Khz, although  opting out on the  hour for a news
    bulletin.  The  address  for  QSL's,  reception  reports  and programme
    details  is  Swiss  Radio  International,  Giacomettistrasse 1, CH-3000
    Berne 15, Switzerland.

    On Deutsche Welle  TV the 6.30 mhz subcarrier has  been fired up in the
    last two  weeks. The subcarrier  is presently silent  although is worth
    monitoring for future activity.

    We  note  that  the  radio  station  that  is  played over the TV audio
    subcarriers  of MBC  when that   channel is  not broadcasting  is Radio
    Orient, which can also be found on the 7.38/7.56 mhz subcarriers.

    Turning to  Eutelsat II F2, another  radio station commenced broadcasts
    from the  7.20 mhz subcarrier  of ATV during  the evening of  17 April.
    This station  and the one  at 7.02 mhz  (see last issue)  have now been
    identified. At 7.02 mhz  is Number One FM and at 7.20  mhz is Klas FM -
    both of these stations used to be available on the back of HBB TV.

    The 7.56  mhz subcarrier of  Rai Due remains  largely quiet -  at least
    during the daytime. Italian audio has  been heard in the early hours of
    the morning (i.e.  at 01:45 on 29 April). Whether  the audio is a radio
    station or a feed (probably more likely) has not yet been established.

    Show  Radyo  has  again  ceased   broadcasts  from  the  7.20/7.80  mhz
    subcarriers of Cine 5 although the subcarriers remained fired up.

    Another  new Turkish  language radio  station has  commenced broadcasts
    from the  7.38/7.56 mhz subcarriers  of InterStar. The  station has not
    yet been fully identified although it may be called Radio Krol.

    RDP Radio Portugal Internacional which  is available from the 7.02/7.20
    mhz subcarriers of RDP Internacional broadcasts in a number of European
    languages. For example English language broadcasts can usually be heard
    during the  evenings ending at  19:30 when a  French language broadcast
    commences.  If any  reader wishes  to send  off for  a QSL or programme
    schedule the  station can be  reached at P  O Box 1011,  Lisbon 1001 in
    Portugal.

                   ----------------------------------------

                                 C Band Update

                                 By Ian Waller

    As mentioned  briefly in the last  issue, many feeds from  South Africa
    for  election  coverage  have  appeared,  the  following  have now been
    identified:

     EBU JOHANNESBURG PATH 1  - INTELSAT 502 21 DEGREES WEST 3.73 GHZ
     EBU JOHANNESBURG PATH 2  - INTELSAT 604 60 DEGREES EAST 4.17 GHZ
     EBU JOHANNESBURG PATH 3  - INTELSAT 605 24 DEGREES WEST 4.19 GHZ
     WTN/STARBIRD             - INTELSAT 502 21 DEGREES WEST 3.81 GHZ
     CBS - SKY JOBURG (J-SAT) - INTELSAT 502 21 DEGREES WEST 3.85 GHZ

    There is also a digital transmission  on Intelsat 502 which could carry
    more feeds from South Africa, relays  sighted at Ku Band indicate there
    are 6 EBU  feeds and a digital SNG  from Newsforce, used by the  BBC. I
    would guess that  the J-Sat detailed in the CBS  - Sky caption could be
    the  name given  to Intelsat  502, as  it is  virtually co-located with
    Intelsat K (K-Sat).

    The first  PAL pictures from ORBIT  on Arabsat 1D have  been sighted, a
    promotional  film is  being shown  at 4.08  ghz which  details all  the
    channels involved in  the ORBIT package, a caption  identifies the sole
    agent as EDC,  and gives a phone number  - 00 (3575) 747999, and  a fax
    back  number -  357-231-8081 access  code 800.  which so  far does  not
    respond during the evenings.

    On  the sports  front, coverage  of the  final of  the Australasia  Cup
    cricket from Sharjah in the UAE, was sighted on Arabsat 1C at 3.87 ghz.
    Coverage  was in  PAL with  English commentary,  highlights were  shown
    later on Sky Sports in the  UK. M-Net International on Intelsat 601 has
    been  sighted  showing  English   soccer  unscrambled,  most  recently,
    Liverpool v Norwich live on 30 April.

                   ----------------------------------------
                              Transponder Monitor

                              By John Hockenhull

    With effect from this issue all times quoted are in GMT (UTC).

    Thanks for his sighting reports for this issue go to Ian Waller.

    The  annual Eurovision  Song Contest  was broadcast  live across Europe
    from 19:00  on 30 April.  The broadcast is  coordinated by the  EBU and
    this year, for the first time, the  voting was by visual link with each
    country  taking part  - in  previous years  audio only  links have been
    used. The links  used EBU capacity on Eutelsat II  F4 at 7 degrees East
    and rehearsals took  place during the evening of  29 April (from 20:45)
    and also  on 30 April (from  11:45) - on both  occasions using the same
    transponders as for the actual event.

    The live feed out of Dublin was  carried on two transponders, 25 and 26
    at 10.987 and 11.075 ghz (both vertical polarity). Feeds into Dublin of
    the votes from each country were over transponders 20 and 21 at 11.009,
    11.058 and 11.095 ghz (all horizontal polarity). In addition a graphic,
    alternating between French and English advised voting countries what to
    do in the event of a breakdown - a typical message read "In the case of
    TCC  breakdown with  EVC Geneva  during the  voting sequence,  the CNCT
    involved in  the satellite switching  must listen to  the international
    sound reserve on  Channel EUT C where the  voting coordinator will give
    switching instructions for B, E and F Channels".

    It was  interesting to see  that the Eurovision  Song Contest was  only
    carried live (on satellite) by SSVC,  NRK and ARD (and possibly also on
    BBC World Service Television).

    DFS 2 KOPERNIKUS - 28.5 DEGREES EAST

    Tp C1 - 11.625 ghz (H) - Occasional Use. With the uplink by VTM/BEL 004
    and the  VBI (Vertical Blanking  Interval) identifying the  unit as VTM
    Spacelink 3, this transponder was used  until 20:00 on 22 April to feed
    a football match for Filmnet Plus  and Canal Plus. Dutch commentary was
    at 6.60 mhz and the feed  carried closing titles in which copyright was
    credited to both television companies.

    The UEFA Cup football match between  Milan and Monaco was fed over this
    transponder in clear PAL on 27  April (18:30). German commentary was at
    6.65 mhz with  natural sound at 7.20 mhz and  the match was being shown
    live on RTM Morocco, TF1, InterStar, RTL Television and Teledeporte.

    EUTELSAT I F4 - 25.5 DEGREES EAST

    Tp 6 - 11.658 ghz (H) -  Occasional Use. This transponder has been used
    since 28  April to feed  live Sky Sports  coverage of the  European PGA
    Cannes  Open golf  tournament in   clear PAL  (and in  full transponder
    mode). Sky Sports commentary is at  6.60 mhz with natural sound at 7.20
    mhz.

    DFS 3 KOPERNIKUS - 23.5 DEGREES EAST

    Tp C2 - 11.675 ghz (H) - RTL Television. The TV audio from this channel
    has, over the last two weeks, has also started to be broadcast from the
    7.38/7.56 mhz  subcarriers (giving it capacity  for stereo broadcasts).
    This brings the channel in line  with a similar capability on the Astra
    transmission.

    We  note  that  also  during  the  last  two  weeks  the  7.02/7.20 mhz
    subcarriers of  the RTL Television Schweiz  broadcasts from transponder
    K6 of DFS 2 Kopernikus have been  fired up and are presently carrying a
    whistle - which could suggest  a similar capability shortly arriving on
    that transmission as well.

    EUTELSAT I F5 - 21.5 DEGREES EAST

    Tp 4  - 11.476 ghz  (H) - Occasional  Use. The UEFA  Cup football match
    between Milan and Monaco was fed  over this transponder in clear PAL on
    27 April (18:35).  French commentary was at 6.65 mhz  and the match was
    being  shown live  on RTM  Morocco, TF1,  InterStar, RTL Television and
    Teledeporte.

    This transponder  was used throughout  30 April and  1 May to  feed TF1
    coverage  and feeds  of the  San Marino  Formula 1  Grand Prix practice
    session and race in clear PAL. French audio was at 6.60 mhz.

    ASTRA 1A/B/C - 19.2 DEGREES EAST

    Tp 36  - 11.009 ghz  (V) - Mini  Max. Canal Satellite  Espana clear PAL
    coverage of  the ATP Tennis  tournament from Madrid  has been shown  on
    this transponder during the evenings since  the start of the event last
    week.

    Tp 47 - 11.171  ghz (H) - Vacant. Over the last  two weeks activity has
    been  noted on  this transponder   at various  times. This  has usually
    consisted of  a black screen with  two vertical white lines  with a Sky
    test teletext page on Page 666 (is this an Omen!).

    EUTELSAT II F3 - 16 DEGREES EAST

    Tp  21 -  11.050 ghz  (H) -  Occasional Polish  Use. This  half of  the
    transponder  was  noted  to  be  active  on  1  May (11:05) when it was
    broadcasting live coverage  of an ATP tennis tournament  in Poland. The
    teams taking  part at that time  were from Poland and  Bulgaria. Polish
    commentary audio was at 6.65 mhz with natural sound at 7.38 mhz.

    Tp 22 -  11.163 ghz (H) - British Telecom.  The Monte Carlo Open tennis
    tournament was fed  over this transponder on 24  April (13:05) in clear
    PAL. Italian commentary was at 7.20 mhz with natural sound at 6.20 mhz.
    This event was also being covered live on DSF.

    Tp 37 - 11.575 ghz (H)  - TelePace/Muslim TV Ahmadiyya/TV Shqiptar. The
    evening broadcasts by World Tamil  Television ceased following those of
    21 April although they have continued during the daytime. 1 May saw the
    transponder  carrying a  graphic advising  that the  channel would move
    from 2 May to Eutelsat II F2, transponder 33 at 11.595 ghz (H) and with
    audio at 6.65 mhz.

    Tp  45 -  12.538 ghz  (V) -  VTM Belgium.  With the  uplink by JCS 3 TA
    (Jerusalem Capital Studio's, Tel Aviv), this transponder was used on 18
    April (18:04)  for a taped  feed in NTSC  for CBS covering  the present
    situation in Israel. Audio was at 6.65 mhz.

    Preceded by the PAL uplink ident  CBS UKI 85 SARAJEVO (a first sighting
    of this  ident) at 16:10  on 23 April,  this transponder was  used from
    17:45  for a  live feed  from  Sarajevo  onto the  RTL Television  news
    programme "RTL Aktuel".  German audio was at 6.60  mhz and the reporter
    in Sarajevo was Ulrich Klose.

    This transponder  was used on  26 April (18:08)  for a clear  PAL taped
    feed  to Sky  News from  Dan  Damon  in Sarajevo  covering the  present
    situation in Bosnia. Audio was at 6.65 mhz.

    EUTELSAT II F1 - 13 DEGREES EAST

    Tp 22 - 11.146 (H) - Dutch PTT. Live coverage of the German DTM Formula
    3 race from Hockenheim was fed over this transponder in clear PAL on 24
    April (12:45). German commentary was at  6.65 mhz with natural sound at
    7.38 mhz. This event was being shown live on 3 SAT.

    Tp 33  - 11.596 ghz (H)  - Occasional Use. The  UEFA Cup football match
    between Milan and Monaco was fed  over this transponder in clear PAL on
    27 April (18:35). German commentary was  at 6.65 mhz with natural sound
    at 7.20  mhz and the  match was being  shown live on  RTM Morocco, TF1,
    InterStar, RTL Television and Teledeporte.

    This transponder  was noted on  29 April (05:49)  to be carrying  a PAL
    graphic T e l k o m DURING THE  TELEMATICA EXHIBITION IN STUTTGART FROM
    THE  2ND TO  THE 6TH  OF  MAY  TELEKOM OFFERS  VIDEO TRANSMISSIONS  VIA
    SATELLITE FOR A  SPECIAL PRICE OF: 1.000,- DM PER  30 MIN. THIS SERVICE
    INCLUDES SPACE SEGMENT AND BETA  SP TAPE EQUIPMENT. FOR FURTHER DETAILS
    PLEASE CONTACT: PHONE: +49 69 211 5641 FAX: +49 69 211 5664.

    German satellite  magazine Tele Satellit continues  with its broadcasts
    of TV-TS  on this transponder  on Fridays. The  broadcasts run from  at
    least 19:00 to 20:20. We additionally  note that SAT 1 Teletext reports
    that the channel can also be seen  on a Tuesday from 14:00 to 18:00 and
    on a Saturday from 12:00 to 17:00.

    This transponder was used on 30  April (18:10) to feed live coverage of
    the Ice Hockey  match between Sweden and the USA  in clear PAL. Swedish
    commentary was at 7.02 mhz, Italian  commentary at 7.56 mhz and natural
    sound at 6.65 mhz. This match was also being covered live by Eurosport.

    Tp 38 - 11.617 ghz (V) - British Telecom. The football match between FC
    Hansa and FC St Pauli was fed  over this transponder in clear PAL on 18
    April (18:20). German commentary was at  6.60 mhz with natural sound at
    7.20 mhz.

    The football  match between FC St  Pauli and M|nchen was  fed over this
    transponder in clear PAL on 25  April (18:22). German commentary was at
    6.65 mhz with natural sound at 7.20 mhz. The match was being shown live
    on DSF.

    The UEFA Cup football match  between Casino Saltzburg and Inter Mailand
    was fed  over this transponder  on 26 April  (18:30). German commentary
    was at 6.65 mhz with natural sound at 7.20 mhz.

    EUTELSAT II F2 - 10 DEGREES EAST

    Tp 27  - 11.142 ghz (V)  - Occasional Use. The  UEFA Cup football match
    between Barcelona and  Porta was fed over this  transponder on 27 April
    (18:35) in  clear PAL with no  audio subcarriers in use.  The match was
    being shown  live on RTP  Internacional and RTL  Television (the latter
    channel sharing  coverage with the  Milan versus Monaco  match that was
    being played at the same time).

    Presumably  because  their  time  had  run  out  on  EBU capacity, this
    transponder was used by the BBC,  with weak signal strength, from 16:35
    on 1  May to feed clear  PAL unilaterals covering the  crash during the
    San Marino Formula 1 Grand Prix on  1 May which proved fatal for Ayrton
    Senna. During  the time when no  feed was being sent  the live pictures
    were  overlaid  with  BBC  TELEVISION  SPORT.  GRAND PRIX IMOLA, ITALY.
    UNILATERAL VISION  FEED TO LONDON.  One of the  unilaterals was a  live
    feed  onto the  BBC 1  Evening News  being an  interview with  BBC race
    commentator  Murray Walker  at 17:07.  Audio was  at 6.65  mhz (TV feed
    audio)  and 7.20  mhz (seemingly  radio audio  feeds). The  transponder
    eventually cut at 18:06.

    EUTELSAT II F4 - 7 DEGREES EAST

    Tp  25 -  10.987 ghz  (V) -  EBU. This  transponder was  used on  1 May
    (12:00) to  feed BBC coverage  of the San  Marino Formula 1  Grand Prix
    race with SinS. BBC commentary audio  was also carried at 6.65 and 7.20
    mhz.

    Tp 26 - 11.075 ghz (V) - EBU. The UEFA Cup football match between Milan
    and Monaco was fed over this transponder with SinS on 27 April (18:35).
    The  match was  being shown  live on  RTM Morocco,  TF1, InterStar, RTL
    Television and Teledeporte.

    Tp  21 -  11.095 ghz  (H) -  EBU. This  transponder was  used on  1 May
    (12:00) to  feed coverage of the  San Marino Formula 1  Grand Prix race
    with SinS. We believe this to have  been the main EBU feed point of the
    race.

    INTELSAT 512 - 1 DEGREE WEST

    Tp 63 - 11.132 ghz (H) - Occasional Use. A rare sighting of activity on
    this transponder was noted during the early evening of 21 April when it
    was carrying a Scandinavian tape feed in clear PAL.

    INTELSAT 515 - 18 DEGREES WEST

    Tp 71 - 10.973 ghz (V) -  Occasional Italian Use. With the crash during
    the San  Marino Formula 1 Grand  Prix on 1 May,  which proved fatal for
    Ayrton Senna, this  transponder was used from about  16:45 to broadcast
    live pictures from outside the hospital in Bologna.

    Tp 71 - 11.011 ghz (V) -  Occasional Italian Use. With the crash during
    the San  Marino Formula 1 Grand  Prix on 1 May,  which proved fatal for
    Ayrton  Senna,  this  transponder  was  used  from  at  least  16:45 to
    broadcast live  pictures from the race  circuit for Italian broadcaster
    RTI.

    TDF 1/2 - 18.8 DEGREES WEST

    Tp 9  - 11.881 ghz  - Arte. 17  April saw the  final broadcast by  Tili
    Emploi on this transponder. Since that  time the channel has been noted
    to  not close  down as  normal  at  night. It  now appears  to continue
    throughout  the night  showing promotions  for future  programming - in
    much  the same  way as  SWF  3  does. This  transmission is  also being
    carried on the Arte broadcasts from DFS 3 Kopernikus but not on Telecom
    2B.

    Tp 17 - 12.034 ghz (R). This transponder was fired up again on 27 April
    with a clear  D2-MAC Philips test card TDF CANAL  17. The test card has
    remained to date with no other activity noted.

    INTELSAT K - 21.5 DEGREES WEST

    Tp V6  - 11.532 ghz  (V) - Reuters  TV. TBS Sports  coverage of the NBA
    basketball match  between the New  York Knicks and  New Jersey was  fed
    over  this  transponder  in  clear  PAL  on  30 April (10:00). American
    commentary was at 6.60 mhz with natural sound at 7.38 mhz.

    Prime Network  coverage of the AT  & T Challenge tennis  tournament was
    fed over  this transponder in clear  PAL on 30 April  with the coverage
    ending at 19:00. American commentary was at 7.38 mhz with natural sound
    at 6.60 mhz and the feed was in clear PAL.

    Tp V6 - 11.559 ghz (V) - Reuters TV. USA Network coverage of the K-Mart
    Greater Greensboro Open from Forest Oaks Country Club in North Carolina
    was fed  over this transponder  in NTSC on  21 April (21:30),  22 April
    (20:15)  and  23  April  (preliminaries  from  19:20  and coverage from
    20:00). American commentary was at 7.38  mhz with natural sound at 6.65
    mhz. This event was being covered on Sky Sports.

    The IBM  Annual Meeting from Toronto  in Canada was fed  live over this
    transponder in NTSC from 14:00 on  25 April. American audio was at 6.60
    and 7.38 mhz with Morse at 8.30 mhz.

    ABC Sports  coverage of the PGA  Tour Houston Open golf  tournament was
    fed  over  this  transponder  in  NTSC  on  30  April (18:54). American
    commentary was at  6.65 mhz with natural sound at  7.38 mhz. This event
    was being covered by Sky Sports.

    Tp H8 -  11.665 ghz (H) - Occasional Use.  Coverage of the PGA European
    Tour Heineken  Catalonia Open golf  tournament from Spain  was fed over
    this transponder in  clear PAL on 24 April  (12:45). Spanish commentary
    was at  7.20 mhz with  natural sound at  6.60 mhz. This  match was also
    being covered by Eurosport.

    The Dutch football match between ABN Amro and Batavus was fed over this
    transponder in  clear PAL on 1  May (12:56). Natural sound  was at 6.65
    mhz.

    INTELSAT 601 - 27.5 DEGREES WEST

    Tp 63  - 11.135 ghz (H)  - British Telecom. Preceded  by the colour bar
    test card SKY  W/FOOTY at 10:47 on 24 April,  this transponder was used
    from  12:00 to  feed the  Women's FA  Cup Final  football match between
    Knowsley United and  Doncaster live onto Sky Sports.  The feed was with
    SinS although it carried Sky Sports  commentary audio at 6.20 mhz and a
    none-audio transmission on 6.80 mhz.

    HISPASAT 1A/B - 30 DEGREES WEST

    Tp  16  -  11.538  ghz  (H).  No  activity  had been reported from this
    transponder before 22  April when it was noted at  19:40 to be carrying
    spread spectrum data in full transponder mode.

    Tp 9 -  11.679 ghz (V) - Occasional Use.  This transponder was noted at
    19:00  on the  evenings of  26, 27  and 28  April showing  a clear  PAL
    Spanish programme in an interview/discussion  type format (and the same
    backdrop on all  three days). The programme had  intervals during which
    adverts were shown. Spanish audio was at 6.65 and 7.20 mhz. At first we
    thought that  this might be  a new  channel  but it was  not present on
    other days so it remains a bit of a mystery.

    INTELSAT 506 - 50 DEGREES WEST

    Tp 71 -  11.010 ghz (V). During the  last two weeks the daily  feeds to
    NBC Super Channel  have moved to the other half  of the transponder and
    can now be found at this frequency  - previously they could be found at
    10.968 ghz.
                     ----------------------------------------

    End of File

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