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                        MOUTH TO MOUTH VENTILATION
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   This is the preferred method of Artificial Ventilation in ALL cases
   except in some cases of poisoning where contamination around the 
   casualty's mouth can affect the rescuer. It may also be unsuitable
   if there are serious facial injuries, if there is recurrent vomit-
   ing or if the casualty is pinned faced down.

       The air we exhale contains about 16% oxygen which is more than
   is needed to sustain life. In Mouth To Mouth Ventilation, you blow
   air from your lungs into the casualty's mouth...or nose ( or mouth
   and nose together in a child ) to fill the casualty's lungs. When
   you take your mouth away, the casualty will breathe out as the 
   elastic chest wall resumes it's shape at rest. Mouth To Mouth 
   Ventilation enables you to watch the casualty's chest for movement,
   indicating that the lungs are being filled or that the casualty is
   breathing again, naturally, and to observe changes in the casualty's
   colour.

   Mouth To Mouth can be used by First Aiders of any age and in most
   circumstances. It is easiest to carry out if the casualty is lying
   on the back, but it should be started immediately, whatever 
   position the casualty happens to be in.

   The first four inflations must be given swiftly. The casualty may
   start breathing again at any stage but may need assistance until
   breathing settles down into a normal rate.

   Instructions
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           1 - Remove any obvious obstructions over the face
               or constrictions around the neck. Open the 
               airway ( see previous page ) and remove any
               debris seen in the mouth or the throat.

           2 - Open your mouth wide, take a deep breath, pinch
               the casualty's nostrils together with your
               fingertips and seal your lips around the mouth.
               ( For Mouth to Nose, - in cases where the mouth
               can not be satisfactorily used - close the 
               casualty's mouth with your thumb and seal your
               lips around the casualty's nose )

           3 - Looking along the chest, blow into the casualty's 
               mouth until you can see the chest rise to it's
               maximum expansion.

          NB - If the casualty's chest fails to rise, first 
               assume the airway is not fully open. Adjust the
               position of the head and the jaw and try again.
               If there is still no ventilation, the airway maybe 
               blocked, and you will have to treat for Choking.
               ( See section on Asphyxia )

           4 - Remove your mouth well away from the casualty's 
               and breathe out any excess air. Watch the chest
               fall and take in fresh air. Repeat ventilation.

           5 - Check the casualty's pulse to make sure that the
               heart is beating.

   
    IF... the heart is beating normally, continue to give inflations at
          normal breathing rate ( 16 - 18 times per minute ) until 
          natural breathing is restored, assisting it where necessary
          and adjusting it to the casualty's breathing rate. When the
          casualty is breathing normally, place in the Recovery Position.
          ( See page after next )

    IF... the heart is not beating, you must perform External Chest
          Compression immediately. ( See next page )

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