NAME ls - list contents of directory VERSION $Id: ls.1,v 1.2 93/10/13 04:52:11 ppessi Exp $ SYNOPSIS ls [ -acdfgilqrst1ACLFR ] name ... DESCRIPTION For each directory argument, ls lists the contents of the directory; for each file argument, ls repeats its name and any other information requested. By default, the output is sorted alphabetically. When no argument is given, the current directory is listed. When several arguments are given, the arguments are first sorted appropriately, but file arguments are processed before directories and their contents. There are a large number of options: -l List in long format, giving mode, number of links, owner, size in bytes, and time of last modification for each file. (See below.) If the file is a symbolic link the pathname of the linked-to file is printed preceded by "->". -g Include the group ownership of the file in a long output. -t Sort by time modified (latest first) instead of by name. -a List all entries; in the absence of this option, entries whose names begin with a period (".") or end with ".info" are not listed. -A List all entries except entries whose names end with ".info". -s Give size in blocks of each file. -d If argument is a directory, list only its name; often used with -l to get the status of a directory. -L If argument is a symbolic link, list the file or directory the link references rather than the link itself. -r Reverse the order of sort to get reverse alphabetic or oldest first as appropriate. -i For each file, print the key block number in the first column of the report. -f Force each argument to be interpreted as a directory and list the name found in each slot. This option turns off -l, -t, -s, and -r, and turns on -a; the order is the order in which entries appear in the directory. -F cause directories to be marked with a trailing `/', hard links sockets with a trailing `#' and symbolic links with a trailing `@'. -R recursively list subdirectories encountered. -p include relative pathname into the long listing. -1 force one entry per line output format; this is the default when output is not interactive. -C force multi-column output; this is the default when output is interactive. -q force printing of non-graphic characters in file names as the character `?'; this is the default when output is interactive. The mode printed under the -l option contains 10 characters which are interpreted as follows: the first character is d if the entry is a directory; r if the entry is a root directory; l if the entry is a symbolic link; D if the entry is a hard link to a directory; p if the entry is a pipe file; h if the entry is a hard link to a file, or - if the entry is a plain file. The next 9 characters are interpreted as three sets of access control bits. The first set refers to owner permissions; the next refers to permissions to others in the same user-group; and the last to all others. Within each set the three characters indicate permission respectively to read, to write, or to execute the file as a program. For a directory, `write' and `execute' permissions are meaningless. The permissions are indicated as follows: r if the file is readable; w if the file is writable; x if the file is executable; - if the indicated permission is not granted. The write-permission character is given as a D if the file is deleteable but not writeable. It is given as a 'W' if the file is writeable but not deleteable. The group-execute permission character is given as s if the file has the set-group-id bit set; likewise the user-execute permission character is given as s if the file has the set-user-id bit set. The last character of the mode (normally `x' or `-') is 't' or 'T' (as sticky in Unix systems) if the pure bit of the mode is on. If the script bit is on, the last character is 's' or 'S'. The protection bits `h' and `a' are not printed. When the sizes of the files in a directory are listed, a total count of blocks (not including indirect blocks) is printed. FILES AmiTCP:db/passwd to get user id's for `ls -l'. AmiTCP:db/group to get group id's for `ls -g'. BUGS The option setting based on whether the output is interactive is undesirable as "ls -s" is much different than "ls -s > t:file". The printed protection flags are inadequate for AmigaDOS. The root directory flags are garbage. There are problems when printing soft links. There are too many options. AUTHOR Pekka Pessi, . ls is part of the AmiTCP/IP package.